英语高三英语阅读理解社会文化提高训练Word格式.docx
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sbeencalledelitist（精英）foritshighticketprices（morethan6,000dollarstotal）.It'
sbeenaccusedbyafewpeopleofcensorshipfornotpublishingtheirtalks.Onecontroversialspeakerwasupsetaboutbeingcriticizedbytheconference'
shostafterward.
Thecomplaints,however,seemtoberelativelyfewforsuchalarge,long-runningorganization.AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'
swebsite.Whateveritsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.
（1）Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?
A.ThecaseagainstTED
B.What'
sonTEDtoday.
C.Prosandconsof.
D.WhatisTED
（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A.TheTEDconferencecameafterthesuccessof.
B.TwoTEDconferencesarenowheldeveryyear.
C.TEDtalksareavailableinmanylanguages.
D.TheSaplingFoundationowns.
（3）Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,wecaninferthat________.
A.itisacceptedtoallinvolvedthatsomeTEDtalksmightnotbepublished
B.thehostoftheconferenceisonewhoplaysasupportiveroletothespeakers
C.TEDiscriticizedforgivingspecialtreatmenttothewealthyorpowerful
D.thenegativecommentsonTEDgreatlyaffectsitsreputation
（4）Thisauthorprobablybelievesthat________.
A.TEDiselitist
B.TEDisbeneficial
C.TEDisn'
timportant
D.TEDisthebestwebsite
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。
（1）考查主旨大意。
根据第一段中的“Andat,youcanaccesslecturesbyartists,scholars,designers,techniciansandothers.”在，你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。
以及以下几个段落的内容，可知这篇文章的主题是“TED是什么”，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“TheTEDwebsitecamefromadesiretosharetheconferenceswiththeworld,to‘offerfreeknowledgefromtheworld'
smostinspiredthinkers,’asthewebsiteputsit.”TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是“向世界上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识”。
可知，“TED大会是在网站成功之后召开的”这种表述错误，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的“TED,ofcourse,isn'
sbeencalledelitist（精英）foritshighticketprices.”当然，TED也免不了受到批评。
它因其高昂的票价被称为精英主义；
以及最后一段中的“AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'
swebsite.”而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义的指责就显得空洞了。
可推断出，TED因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇而受到批评，故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Whateveritsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.”不管它的缺点是什么，TED都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞人心的信息来源。
可推断出，这位作者可能认为TED是有益的，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Atonetimeoranotherinyourlifeyouhaveprobablydoneorigami,evenifitwasjustmakingapaperairplaneorsomethingmorecomplicatedlikeapapercrane.Thechancesarethatasyoudidit,youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis.Animals,boxes,flowers,boats:
itallcanbecreatedfromasinglesquareorrectangularsheetofpapersimplybyfoldingit.Nocutting,nopasting.
Butdidyoueverstoptothinkhowthesametechniquesmightbeappliedtoengineering?
Equipmentthatcouldbeofrealpracticaluse?
Origamimeetsthedemandforthingsthatneedtobesmallwhentransportedandlargewhentheyarrive,liketheeverydayumbrella.Infact,origami-inspiredcreationshavealreadyflowninspace;
in1995,Japaneseengineerslaunchedasatellitewithsolarpanelsthatfoldedlikeamap.
'
It'
snowmathematicallyproventhatyoucanprettymuchfoldanything,"
saysphysicistRobertJ.Lang,whoquithisengineeringjobeightyearsagotofoldthingsfulltime.Lang,anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix,advisedaadvisedwell-knownearmanufacturerthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard.Heiscurrentlyworkingonaspacetelescopelensthat,ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,shouldbeabletounfoldtothesizeofafootballfield.
Attheotherendofthescale,researchersarealsoworkingontinyfoldingdevicesthatcouldleadtobreakthroughsinmedicineandcomputing.There'
snodoubtthatcomputersofthefuturemaycontaintiny,foldedmotorsorcapacitorsforfasterprocessingandbettermemory.
Applicationsfororigamiengineeringgofurtherthanmanyofusmightimagine."
Someday,"
saysMIT'
sErikDemaine,"
we'
llbuildreconfigurable（可重构的）robotsthatcanfoldontheirownfromonethingintoanother,likeTransformers.Toomuchlikesciencefictiontobetrue?
Maybe—thoughyoucertainlywouldn'
twanttobetagainstit."
（1）Whatdoweknowaboutorigami?
A.
Itconsumeslotsoftime.
B.
Itinvolvesinterestingideas.
C.
Itrequirescomplextechniques.
D.
Ithastodowithcuttingandpasting.
（2）Whichofthefollowingisanapplicationoforigami?
Aspacetelescopelenscanbefoldedtothesizeofanumbrella.
Asatelliteisequippedwithsolarpanelsandafoldedmap.
Anairbagcanbebetterfoldedintoadashboardofacar.
Afuturecomputercontainsmanyhugefoldedmotors.
（3）WhatisErikDemaine'
sattitudetowardsorigamiengineering?
Hopeful
Doubtful.
Disapproving.
Ambiguous.
（4）Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?
Entertainment.
Culture.
Education.
Pop-science.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。
折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Thechancesarethatasyoudidit,youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis.Animals,boxes,flowers,boats:
itallcanbecreatedfromasinglesquareorrectangularsheetofpapersimplybyfoldingit.Nocutting,nopasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。
故选B。
根据第三段中的“Lang,anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix,advisedawell-knownearmanufacturerthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。
故选C。
根据最后一段中的“Applicationsfororigamiengineeringgofurtherthanmanyofusmightimagine”可知ErikDemaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测ErikDemaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。
故选A。
根据第二段中的“in1995,Japaneseengineerslaunchedasatellitewithsolarpanelsthatfoldedlikeamap.”；
第三段中的“Lang,anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix,advisedaadvisedwell-knownearmanufacturerthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard.”；
第四段中的“There'
snodoubtthatcomputersofthefuturemaycontaintiny,foldedmotorsorcapacitorsforfasterprocessingandbettermemory.”和第五段中的“‘Someday,’saysMIT'
sErikDemaine,‘we'
llbuildreconfigurable（可重构的）robotsthatcanfoldontheirownfromonethingintoanother,likeTransformers.’”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Moscowcityauthoritieshavebegunusingcomics（漫画）withcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrants（移民）howtheyshouldbehave.Theysaya100-pageguideisneededto"
keepapositiveimage"
ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"
tensions"
betweennativesandmigrants.Butcriticshavepointedoutthatforeignmigrantsandnativesmayberegardedasantagonistsinthemanual（手册）.
RussiansandmigrantshaverepeatedlyfloodedinMoscowrecently.Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasus（高加索）andNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapital'
sjobopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries.AsignificantnumberofthemworkintheRussiancapitalillegally.
ThenewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe"
dos"
and"
don'
ts"
tomigrants.Theyareurgednottocausetrouble,bystaringatwomen,oreatingortalkingloudlyonthestreets.Theyarealsowarnedthatthepolicemayroutinely（例行公事）stopthemtochecktheirdocuments.
Inthemanual,Russia'
sfamous"
threewarriors"
aremeanttorepresentthecity'
slawenforcementagencies（执法机关）,whilePrinceYuriDolgoruky（ahistoricalcharacter）isusedfortoursaroundMoscow.Meanwhile,VasilisatheWiseandTheSnowMaidentestthereaderonRussia'
slanguageandhistory.AspecialsectionofthebookexplainstheimportanceoffollowingMoscow'
sstrictresidencyandemploymentrules,stressingthatmigrantscouldotherwise
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