人教版英语必修一至必修四语法知识复习与练习详细版良心出品必属精品.docx
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人教版英语必修一至必修四语法知识复习与练习详细版良心出品必属精品
必修一至必修四语法知识复习
Book1Unit1-2直接引语与间接引语
直接引语到间接引语的转变注意间接引语中时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语以及其他部分要根据情况发生变化。
1.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”
MrBlacksaidthat___alongway___.
A.Ihadwalked…lastweek
B.hehadwalked…thatweek
C.Iwalked…lastweek
D.hehaswalked…thisweek
如果引语部分是客观事实或真理，则变为间接引语，定语从句中时态不需要发生变化。
2.Theteacheraskedher,“Doesthesunriseintheeast?
”
Theteacheraskedher___thesun___intheeast.
A.if…riseB.if…rises
C.whether…roseD.whetherdid…rise
引语部分为一般疑问句，变为间接引语由连词whether或if引导，后面用陈述句语序
3.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?
”
Theyaskedus___afraidtoleave___house.
A.thatwerewe…this
B.thatwewere…that
C.ifwerewe…this
D.ifwewere…that
直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。
句式…asked+疑问词+陈述句语序…
4.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?
”
Janeasked___about___.
A.thatheheard…aweekago
B.whathehadheard…aweekbefore
C.whathehadheard…aweekago
D.ifheheard…aweekago
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order的宾语。
句式….tell,ask,ordersbtodo/nottodo
Eg:
Thesoliderordered:
”Bequiet.”
→Thesoliderorderedustobequiet.
Myteacheraskedme:
”Don’tlaugh.”
→Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.
Book1Unit3现在进行时表示将来时
表示最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作，可以用现在进行时表示将来时。
句子中一般有以下特点:
1.表示位置转移的动词gocomeleavestartarrivestay等
5.—Whatareyougoingtodotonight?
—Iamgoingtoattendthelecture,andthenwe______tothebookstore.
A.wentB.goC.aregoingD.havegone
6.---I’mgoingtotheStates.
---Howlong___you___intheStates?
A.are;stayed B.are;staying
C.have;stayed D.did;stay
2.表示交通方式、行程安排的动词fly,walk,ride,drive,take（abus,ataxi）,takeoff等
7.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane____.
A.takesoffB.istakingoff
C.hastakenoffD.tookoff
3.也可用于其他动词
8.I’vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I____mymum.
A.amtakingB.havetaken
C.takeD.willhavetaken
Book1Unit4-Unit5Book2Unit1&Unit5
定语从句
定语从句用于修饰名词，被修饰的名词成为先行词，引导定语的从句需要借助关系词/引导词
关系词的作用：
1在定语从句中代替先行词；
2在定语从句中充当特定成分；
3连接主语与定语从句
e.g．Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.
（wholivesnexttous为定语从句，修饰先行词theman,关系词who在定语从句中代替theman，在句中作主语。
）
关系代词
关系副词
That
人、物
主语、宾语（省）
When
时间状语
Which
物
主语、宾语（省）
Where
地点状语
Who
人
主语、宾语（省）
Why
原因状语
Whom
人
宾语（省）
Whose
人、物
与名词搭配，做定语
★选择关系代词还是选择关系副词，要看定语从句缺少什么成分
9.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?
—Itwasonthefarm_____weworked.
A.thatB.there
C.whichD.where
10.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?
—Itwasonthefarm_____wevisitedlastmonth.
A.whatB.there
C.whichD.where
11.Istillrememberthewonderfultime______IhadtogetherwiththeminXinjiang.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.onwhich
12.Istillrememberthewonderfultime______welivedinAmerica.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.onwhich
13.Intheend,JapanandKoreareachedthepoint___bothsidessatdownandhadapeacefultalk.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.Which
强调句itis/was...that/who...与定语从句
判断：
去掉强调句的结构完整，这是强调句，否则考虑定语从句
14.ItwasinSichuanProvince______theearthquakecausedagreatloss.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
ItwasSichuanProvince______theearthquakecausedagreatloss.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
非限制性定语从句不能用that，其他的关系词根据从句缺什么成分以及先行词是人是物进行选择
15.TheywillflytoWashington,_____theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.
A.whereB.there
C.whichD.when
16.Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,______canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.
A.whoB.which
C.whatD.that
17.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,______itwassopoorlyequipped.
A.whenB.which
C.whatD.that
18.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.
A.whichB.where
C.whoD.that
非限制性定语从句中，which和as都可以指整个句子，但as还有“正如”的意思，which放句末
19.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.
A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it
Book2Unit5介词+关系代词引导定语从句
1.某些动词，形容词，名词搭配，如talktosb.中的介词置于定语从句之前，这时则要考虑使用介词+相应的关系代词的结构。
20.Thecomputer,______hepaid￥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.
A.whichB.forwhich
C.thatD.tothat
21.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_____NewYorkisanexample.
A.forwhichB.inwhich
C.ofwhichD.fromwhich
22.Guncontrolisasubject_______Americanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhich B.withwhich
C.aboutwhich D.intowhich
2.介词+关系代词代替关系副词，其中介词的选择看先行词的固定搭配
23.Thereason_______hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.
A.whichB.inwhich
C.forwhichD.ofwhich
24.Thefootballmatch_______thestudentscompetedyesterdaywasverywonderful.
A.inwhichB.which
C.inthatD.that
3.其他情况，如句子表达的需要，数词+of+关系代词，whose+名词=the名词+ofwhich等
25.Hisglasses,_____hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.
A.whichB.withoutwhich
C.withwhichD.withoutthose
26.Atlastwefoundtheholeinthewall_____themousegotintothehouselastnight.
A.inwhichB.which
C.throughwhichD.bywhich
27.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.
A.noneofthemB.bothofthem
C.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom
注意复习只能用that的情况（这里不多讲）
Book2Unit2–Unit4被动语态
（一般将来时的被动语态“将被做”willbedone/begoingtobedone，
现在完成时的被动语态“已经被做”have/hasbeendone
正在进行时的被动语态“正在被做”bebeingdone）
1.时态的判断要看上下文的动作关系，有时可以通过句中的时间状语判断
2.主动被动的判断看主语是执行动作，还是承受动作
28.—Whydon’twechoosethatroadtosavetime?
—Thebridgetoit______.
A.hasrepaired B.isrepaired
C.isbeingrepaired D.willberepaired
29.Itissaidthatanewrobot_____byhiminafewdays.
A.designedB.hasbeendesigned
C.willbedesignedD.willhavebeendesigned
30.---WhydoestheLakesmellterrible?
---Becauselargequantitiesofwater______.
A.havepolluted B.isbeingpolluted
C.hasbeenpolluted D.havebeenpolluted
31.Anewcinema_____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.
A.willbebuiltB.isbuilt
C.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt
32.Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms_________allovertheword.
A.haveproducedB.havebeenproduced
C.areproducingD.arebeingproduced
33.HesaysthatMr.Zhang_____tothefactorynextweek.
A.issentB.wouldsend
C.wassentD.willbesent
34.—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?
—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut___.
A.willneverreplaceB.wouldneverreplace
C.willneverbereplacedD.wouldneverbereplaced
35.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey_____manytimesontheradio.
A.taughtB.havetaught
C.aretaughtD.havebeentaught
Book3Unit1–Unit2情态动词
情态动词的学习，要结合具体的语境，可以借助中文表达帮助理解。
1.猜测的表达must（肯定）may（可能）might（可能弱）can’t（不可能）
2.can表示猜测“可能”时，用于疑问句
注意：
：
：
：
：
：
：
mustn’t禁止
3.注意委婉表达,回答不需要委婉（would-will/won’tcould-can/can’t）
Couldyouhelpme?
Yes,Ican.
4.情态动词+havedone
原本...表示对过去事情的懊悔等
表示对过去事情的猜测：
musthavedone肯定做过
may/mighthavedone可能做过
can’t/couldn’thavedone不可能做过
5.几种一般疑问句的答语，，，，，，，祈使句回答
MayIdo...?
No,youhadbetternot.
NeedIdo...?
No,youneedn’t.
MustIdo...?
No,youdon’thaveto./No,youneedn’t.
Remembertolockthedoor.Iwill.
Don’tforgettolockthedoor.Iwon’t.
6.shall用于一，三人称表征询意见
Book3Unit3–Unit5名词性从句
1.名词性从句在句子中充当主语，表语，宾语，同位语等成分，需要有引导词引导（除了宾语从句中一种情况，即句子中第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略，其他都不能省略引导词）
2.首先判断从句类型：
一般看从句的位置
宾语从句：
及物动词或者介词后面
主语从句：
句子开头
表语从句：
系动词（be动词）后面
同位语从句：
具体说明先行词（名词）的具体内容，注意几个常见的名词（news,idea,question,fact等）
其次判断从句缺不缺成分，用不用补充意思：
不缺无意填that不缺补“是否”填whether/if缺成分缺意思看情况，缺什么补什么
36.______thebabycouldspeakafullsentencemadehisparentsveryhappy.
A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If
37.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.
A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If
38._______we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
39.Thatwarm-heartedwomanoftenhelps_______isintrouble.
A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever
（Wh-ever表强调）
3.区别同位语从句与定语从句：
定语从句：
先行词可以放回从句中，同位语从句，先行词不能放回从句中，先行词与同位语从句是等同内容。
40.Ican’tacceptthefact________hepassedawaylastyear.
41.Ican’tacceptthefact________hetoldmeyesterday.
4.注意形式主语和形式宾语it，复习句型！
！
！
！
Itisnecessary/important/impossible...that...
Itisapity/ashame...that...
find/think/consider/makeit+adj./n.+宾语从句
42.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.
A.thisB.thatC.itD.these
43.We thought _____ strange that Tom did not come yesterday.
A. that B. it C. this D. what
44._______surprisesmemostisthatthestudentscandosomuchhomeworkeveryday.
A.ItB.WhatC.ThatD.Which
45.______isstillunknownwhenthepresidentwillmakeapublicspeech.
A.ItB.ThatC.HeD.What
对比：
46.___isknowntoallthatBeijingisthecapitalofChina.
47._____isknowntoallis_____BeijingisthecapitalofChina.
48.______isknowntoall,BeijingisthecapitalofChina.
5.陈述句语序
49.Canyoumakesure____thegoldring?
A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceput
C.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput
6.注意从句中（should）do的用法
●suggest/advice/insist/request/command...+宾语从句中
●suggestion/require/request/command+同位语从句
●suggestion/require/request/command...is表语从句
●Itisnecessary/important...+真正的主语从句
50.Itissuggestedthatwe________totheparklater.
A.willgoB.wentC.goD.hasgone
Book4Unit
升级会员 