SubjectVerb Agreement.docx

SubjectVerb Agreement.docx

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SubjectVerbAgreement

TeachingPlanforEnglishGrammar

Week3

ChaptertwoSubject-VerbAgreement（Concord）

GrammaticalConcord

NotionalConcord

PrincipleofProximity

Exercise1

1.Manyaboyandgirl__（has/have）madesuchafunnyexperiment.

2.There___（is/are）morethanoneanswertothisquestion.

3.Moretopicsthanone___（have/has）beendiscussedatthemeeting.

4.Awordortwo___（is/are）misusedinthesentence.

5.Oneortwowords___（is/are）misusedinthesentence.

6.There__（is/are）oneortwowordsmisusedinthesentence.

Keys:

1.Manyaboyandgirlhasmadesuchafunnyexperiment.

2.Thereismorethanoneanswertothisquestion.

3.Moretopicsthanonehavebeendiscussedatthemeeting.

4.Awordortwoismisusedinthesentence.

5.Oneortwowordsaremisusedinthesentence.

6.Thereareoneortwowordsmisusedinthesentence.

Moreexamples:

1.Thereismanyanerrorthathehasneglected.

2.Manyamanhaswishedthatheisawomen-killer.

3.Morethanonepersonhasbeenkilledintheaccident.

Contents

1.ThreeBasicGuidingPrinciples

2.ProblemsofConcordwithCollectiveNouns

3.ProblemsofConcordwithNounsEnding-s

4.ProblemsofConcordwithACoordinateSubject

5.ProblemsofConcordwithExpressionsofQuantity

6.OtherProblemsofSubject-verbConcord:

nounclause;there-bestructure;otherstructures

ThreeBasicGuidingPrinciples

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：

1）语法一致原则（grammaticalconcord）

2）意义一致原则（notionalconcord）

3）就近原则（principleofproximity）

1.语法一致：

•Tomisagoodstudent. 

•Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.  

2.意义一致：

•Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow.

•Twentydollarsistooexpensiveforthebook.

3.就近一致：

•Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.

•Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk.

ProblemsofConcordWithCollectiveNouns

Exercise2

1.Thepublic___（is/are）generousintheircontributiontotheTsunami海啸victims.

2.Thecommittee___（hasmet/havemet）,andithasdecidedtodismisshim.

3.Cattle___（is/are）grazinginthefield.

4.Thepolice___（has/have）caughtthemurderer.

5.Thefurniture___（needs/need）painting.

WordGroup1

armyaudienceclassclubcommitteecompanycrowdcoupleenemygroupgovernmentjurypartypersonnelstaffteamunionpublic

public

•Thepublicisthebestjudge.

•Thepublicarerequestedtowritedowntheirnamesinthisbook.

team

•Hehasjoinedthefootballteamwhoareallfamousfootballers.

•Afootballteamwhichkeepsontraininghardismorelikelytowin.

committee

•Thecommittee____madeupoftenmembers.

•Thecommittee____unanimousintheiropinion.

•Thecommittee____notofoneopinion.

•Thecommitteewho____responsibleforit____allpunished.

=Thecommitteewhich____responsibleforit____dissolved.

Keys:

•Thecommitteewasmadeupoftenmembers.

•Thecommitteewereunanimousintheiropinion.

•Thecommitteearenotofoneopinion.

•Thecommitteewhowereresponsibleforitwereallpunished.

•Thecommitteewhichwasresponsibleforitwasdissolved.

audience

•Therewas/werealargeaudienceinthegreathall.

•Theaudiencewas/wereexcited.

Keys:

•Therewasalargeaudienceinthegreathall.

•Theaudiencewereexcited.

WordGroup2

folkpeoplepoliceyouthmilitiacattlepoultry（家禽）vermin（害虫）

•Domesticcattleprovideuswithmilk,beefandhides.

•Suchverminasbugsandratsarehardtogetridof.

WordGroup3

foliagemachineryequipmentfurnituremerchandise

•Themerchandisehasarrivedundamaged.

•AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.

Exercise3

1.Everymeans___（has/have）beentriedbutwithoutmuchresult.

2.Thesedeer___（are/is）smallcomparedwithotherspeciesofdeer.

WordGroup4

aircraftdeerfishmeanssheepspeciesseriesworkscrossroadsheadquartersbellows（风箱）plasticsgallows（绞架）manners（礼貌）,whereabouts（行踪）

BUT

news（消息）是不可数名词，通常只作单数用.

ProblemsofConcordwithNounsEnding-s

Exercise4

1.TheDreamsoftheRedMansion__（was/were）writtenbyCaoXueqin.

2.TheUnitedStates___（was/were）foundedin1776.

3.ThePhilippines___（lie/lies）tothesouth-eastofChina.

4.TheAlps___（is/are）inEurope.

5.TheSmiths___（was/were）havingtheirbreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.

WordGroup5

1.书刊名、国名、组织名+slverb

•InearlyJanuary1976theNetherlandswashitbyitsworststormsince1953.

2.群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布+plverb

•TheWestIndiesaredividedintotwoparts.

•TheStraitsofGibraltarhavegreatimportance.

•TheNiagaraFallsareperhapsthemostfamouswaterfallintheworld.

3.一家人+plverb

Exercise5

⏹Measles___（is/are）akindofinfectiousillness.

⏹Linguistics（语言学）___（isnot/arenot）verydifficulttolearn.

WordGroup6病症

arthritis关节炎mumps腮腺炎diabetes糖尿病measles麻疹

WordGroup7学科

physics物理学mathematics数学mechanics机械学optics光学

politics政治学statistics统计学economics经济学linguistics语言学

athletics体育学tactics兵法

Moreexamples:

•Statisticsshowthatthenumberofhousewiveswhoworkpart-timehasincreasedinthepastfewyearsintheU.S.

•Theeconomicsoftheprojectarestillbeingconsidered.

ProblemsofConcordWithCoordinateSubjects

Exercise7

1.EnglishandChinese__（is/are）quitedifferentlanguages.

2.Thewriterandtranslator__（is/are）mygoodfriend.

3.Eachboyandeachgirl__（is/are）praised.

4.Noteacherandnostudent__（was/were）present.

5.NotonlytheybutalsoI__（is/am/are）interestedinsuchkindofthings.

6.Iflawandorder___（is/are）notpreserved,neitherthecitizennorhispropertyissafe.

7.Interest,aswellasprospects,___（is/are）importantwhenonelooksforajob.

8.DoctorSmith,togetherwithhiswifeandtwosons,__（is/are）toarriveontheeveningflight.

1.and//both…and+V.pl.

★但是，并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。

•EnglishandChinesearequitedifferentlanguages.

•Thewriterandtranslatorismygoodfriend.

•Iflawandorderisnotpreserved,neitherthecitizennorhispropertyissafe.

2.当主语部分含有with，togetherwith，alongwith，aswellas，besides，except，but，like，inadditionto，asmuchas，nolessthan，alongwith，like，ratherthan，togetherwith，but，besides，including等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词与第一个名词即真正主语一致。

3.or, either…or…，neither…nor…, notonly…butalso…, not…but…principleofproximity

•EithermywifeorIamgoing.

•Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.

•Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.

4.each/every/no/manya+N.sl.+and+each/every/no/manya+N.sl.+V.sl.

•Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat. 

•Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.  

•Manyaboyandgirlhasmadesuchafunnyexperiment.

ProblemsofConcordwithExpressionsofQuantity

All（most,half,enough,some,therest,theremainder）+of…

⏹Whenenoughofthetree__（is/are）choppedaway,thetreefalls.

⏹Enoughofthedata___（has/have）beencollected.

⏹Althoughhismanyexampleswereallright,theremainder___（was/were）notexact.

Fraction&percentage+of

⏹Four-fifthsofthecrop___（was/were）ruined.

⏹Three-fourthsofthebuildings___（was/were）destroyed.

Oneof…

⏹Heisoneofthestudentswho___（has/have）passedtheexamination.

⏹Tomistheonlyoneofthestaffmemberswho___（is/are）goingtobepromoted.

a/thenumberof…//a/thevarietyof

⏹Anumberofcars___（is/are）parkedinfrontofthebuilding.

⏹Thenumberofprivatecolleges（has/have）increased.

Others

表示时间、价格、重量、数目、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时

•Fifteenyears_____（represent）alongperiodofhislife.

•Onehundredmiles____（is/are）toofartotravelonfoot.

•Tenthousanddollars____（is/are）alargesumofmoney.

⏹morethanone…+V.sl.

Morethanonestudenthasreadthebook.

⏹more+Noun（pl.）+thanone+V.pl.

Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.

⏹oneandahalf+N.pl.+V.sl.

Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.

⏹a/an+Nsl.+ortwo+V.sl.　

oneortwo+N.pl.+V.pl.

•Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.

•Oneortwowordsaremisusedinthesentence.

WordGroup8

glasses，spectacles，clothes，trousers，shoes,compasses，chopsticks，tweezers,scissors

akindof，apairof,aseriesof+N.pl.+V.sl.

•Apairofshoeswasonthedesk.

agreatdealof，alargeamountof+N.（U）+V.sl.

largeamountsof+N.（U）+V.pl.

•Alargeamountof（Agreatdealof）damagewasdoneinaveryshorttime.

•Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.

NounClause

Exercise8

1.Whathedid__（has/have）nothingtodowithme.

2.Whatwebadlyneedhere__（is/are）competentteachers.

3.Thattheywerewrong__（is/are）nowcleartous.

4.Whethershecomesornot__（don’t/doesn’t）concern

me.

5.Whatcausedtheaccidentandwhowasresponsibleforit__（remain/remains）amystery.

Therebe-structure

Exercise9

1.There___（has/have）neverbeenhardfeelingsbetweenthefamilieslivingonthisblock.

2.There___（is/are）oneortwothingsI’dliketodotoday.

3.There___（is/are）twotextbooks,onepenandarubberonthedesk.

Otherstructures

Pron.asSubject

⏹名词性物主代词作主语时

•Ours（OurParty）isagreatparty.

•Yourshoesareblack,andmine（=myshoes）arebrown.

⏹such，thesame起指示代词作用时

•Suchisourplan.

•Sucharehiswords.

⏹关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时

•Thosewhowanttogopleaseputupyourhands.

•Someoftheenergythatisusedbymancomesfromthesun.

⏹疑问代词who，what，which作主语时

•Wholivesnextdoor?

ItisXiaoLiu.

•Wholivenextdoor?

ItisZhangandLiu.

⏹不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody, noone, nothing作主语+V.sl.

•Iseveryoneheretod