《学术英语(综合)》课后答案Word文档格式.docx

《学术英语(综合)》课后答案Word文档格式.docx

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and'

s"

helpstoemphasizethataseriesofactionsandallkindsofworkareinvolvedinthesaleofThanksgivingturkey.

3. Herectfromabove,,meansctfromGod"

.Thephraseisusedtoshowthatthereissomethingwondrousandalmostinexplicableinthesocialorderoffreedom.

Task3:

Markethasitsownwayofpunishingbusinessmalpractice.Forexample,ifafastfoodchainsellscontaminatedfood,nation-widedemandfortheirfoodwillgodown,alongwiththeirprofit.Whenacompanysellsdefectiveproducts,theyhavetodealwithliabilitycosts.

Languagebuilding-up:

1.

1.饲料经销商；

饲料批发商 2.为他自己的收益而工作

3. 技能与劳动力 4.制造塑料 5.私人交易

6.包装并定价 7.无形之手

2.

1.priced 2.labor 3.transactions

4. gain 5.labor;

manufactured

6.theinvisiblehand 7.distributor

1. Today,inmillionsofhomesacrossthenation,Godwillbethankedfbrmanygifts,forthefeastonthetableandthecompanyoflovedones,fbrhealthandgoodfortuneintheyeargoneby,fbrpeaceprivilegeofhavingbeenbom—orhavingbecome—American.（Line2,Para.l）

2. Andyet,isn*ttheresomethingwondrous—somethingalmostinexplicable—inthewayyourThanksgivingweekendismadepossiblebytheskillandlaborofvastnumbersoftotalstrangers?

（Line1,Para.4）

3. ...ThanksgivingTurkey,therewouldbeone—ormorelikely,afewdozen—waiting.（Line3,Para.6）

1.verymany 2.buyingorselling 3.alargegroupof

4. morehuge 5.understand 6.troubled

TextB:

1. Consideringthatherboyfrienddoesn'

tevenbothertochooseagiftforher,thegirlconcludesthathedoesn'

tloveher.Therefore,shebreaksofftherelationship.Inthecasewherethestrengthofaffectionismostinquestion,peoplecarealotaboutwhatisgivenasagift.

2. Thefollowingisonemoreexamplewherethesignalingtheorycanbeapplied:

Inthejobmarket,anemployermaynotknowwhetheracandidateisqualifiedfbrapostornot.Veryoften,thecandidatewillshowtheemployereducationcredentials,whichcanbeusedasasignaltotheemployer.Thustheinformationgapisnarrowed.

Task2:

（以下所有表格题若未说明，顺序皆为从上到下，从左到右）

Internetbrowser;

Windowsoperatingsystem;

deter;

enteringthemarketandofferingnewproducts;

carstodayincludemanybuilt-inproducts;

monopoly;

80;

reliable;

easiertouse;

severelylimited;

changing;

competitors;

low;

Researching:

TheU.S.economyisafreemarketeconomywithsomegovernmentregulationadtherehasbeenalastingdebateabouthowmuchgovernmentregulationisnecessary.Thosewhoarguefbrlessregulationclaimthatthefreemarketitselfwillrequirebusinesstoprotectconsumersandprovidegoodproductsorservicesandtheinterferencefromthegovernmentcandonothingbutincreasethecostofdoingcorporationsarenotconcernedaboutthepublic5sinterest,soregulationisindispensable.Interestingly,AdamSmithhimselfbelievedthatgovernmenthadanimportantroletoplayineconomiclife.Forexample,hebelievedthatthegovernmentshouldenforcecontractsandgrantpatentsandcopyrights.

TextC:

Task:

每一个精明的一家之主都知道，如果买一样东西所花的钱比在家里自己生产所花的成本要小，那就永远不要尝试在家里生产。

裁缝不会去做自己的鞋子，而向鞋匠购买；

鞋匠不会去做自己的衣服，而雇裁缝来做；

农民不会去做鞋也不想缝衣，宁愿雇用不同的工匠来做。

他们都会为了自身的利益而采取某种方式来利用整个产业，在这种方式里，他们会比邻居更有优势，并用自己生产的一部分产品或者相同的东西，即以一部分产品的价格来购买他们所需要的其它任何物品。

Listening:

Case1:

absolutely;

comparative;

lower

Case2:

youcookandyourroommatecleans;

youcleanandyourroommatecooks

Speaking:

Writing:

（suggestedchoice）3>

4、8

Unit2BusinessEthics

1. Limitsmokingandtobaccoadvertising

2. 350millionpeople

3. India

Theinvisiblehands;

thewealthofitsstockholders;

Profitmaximization;

thebesteconomicsystem;

Freeenterprisesystem;

constraints;

Argument1:

1） awiderangeofregulationsareimposed

2） assessingcostsoncompanies;

BPoilspill

Argument2:

1） behaveethically;

valueandreputation

2） Don5tBeEvil

3） creativecapitalism

4） contributedmorethan$6billionTask2:

1. Yes,Iagree.Because:

• Earningprofitisthemainaimofeveryeconomicactivity.Abusinessisaneconomicactivityandhence,itsmainaimshouldbetoearnprofit.

• Profitisameasureofefficiencyandeconomicprosperityofthebusiness.Thisjustifiestheconceptofprofitmaximization.

• Economicconditionsdonotremainthesameallthetime.Abusinesscanretainitsprofitsothatitcansurvivetheadversesituationsinthefuture.Profitgivesprotectionagainstfuturerisksanduncertainties.

• Profitisthemainsourceoffinanceforgrowthandexpansion.Profitisessentialforthebusinessinordertoinvestinnewbusinesspropositions.

• Profitabilityisessentialfbrfullingthesocialgoalsofthebusiness.Withprofitmaximizationabusinesscandosocio-economicwelfareandfollowitspoliciesofcorporatesocialresponsibility.

No,Idon'

tagree.Because:

Businessshoulddoanythingtheycantomakeaprofit,butneveratthecostofhumanwelfareandnaturalenvironment.Humanwelfaremustbeconsideredasimportantasprofitmaking.Abusinessissuccessfultotheextentthatitprovideaproductthatcontributetohappinessinallitsforms.Asamatteroffact,thegreatvalueofabusinessshouldbemorallyassociatedwithconsumerssatisfactionandsafety.Ontheotherhand,businessesofgreatvalueshouldnotbeblindtotheirmoralobligationsofprotectingthenaturalenvironment.

2. Yes,itisaveryeffectivewayforsocietytoimposesuchregulationstopreventcompaniesfromengaginginpracticesthathurtsociety.Formostbusinessestheirultimategoalistomakeprofits.Itistruethatmostbusinessmentrytoabidebythelawswhilemakingprofits.Howeverwehavetoadmitthattherearesomewhouseeverymeanstomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible,evenregardlessofinterestsofemployees,communities,andenvironment.

3. Yes,havingagoodreputationwithcustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulatorsisessentialifvalueistobemaximized.Businesssuccessisassociatedwithmanyfactors,suchascustomers,suppliers,employeesandregulators.Ifcustomersaresatisfiedwithyourproductsandservice,theywillbeloyalto

第4页（共23页）

yourcompany.Ifsuppliersprovideyouwithqualifiedproducts,yourbusinesswilloperatewell.Ifemployeesaretreatedwell,theywillworkveryhardandarewillingtobepartofyourcompany.Ifregulatorsarecertainthatyourcompanyactsfairlyandfollowsrules,yourcompanywilldevelopsustainably.

4.Yes,IfullyagreewithBillGates,"

makingprofitsandalsoimprovinglivesforthosewhodon'

tfullybenefitfrommarketforces"

.Becauseoflimitedopportunitiesandresources,somebusinessmencanseizethechancetomakeprofitsandberich.AsDengXiaopingputit,"

Letsomepeopleberichfirst.HThesepeoplehavetheresponsibilitytoimprovelivesforthosewhodon'

tfullybenefitfrommarketforces.Actuallybydoingso,thesocietywillbestabilized,hencethesuccessfulbusinessmencanhavesustainabledevelopment.

TheremightbesomedifficultiesinpracticingitinChinacurrently.BecausethephilanthropiccauseinChinaisnewlydeveloped.

1.无形之手 2.自由企业制度 3.股东 4.经济体制

5.开发产品和服务 6.市场力量；

市场调节作用 7.金融机构

8.严重衰退 9.破产 10.stockprice 11.mission

12.corporatemotto 13.assets 14.maximizeprofits 15.financialsystem

1.marketforces 2.financialinstitutions 3.freeenterprisesystem

4. deepinstitutions 5.invisiblehand 6.stockholder

7.profitmaximization8.economicsystem

1.and 2.Another3.also 4.Notonly;

but 5.other

1.understanding 2.agreewith 3.forces...tobeaccepted4.bad

5. purpose 6.charitable 7.given 8.famous

earnareasonableprofit;

profits;

theimpactofbusinessdecisionsonsociety;

someoneelse'

sjob;

throughthetaxes;

stockholders;

customers;

employees,suppliers,andthegeneralpublic;

regulations;

ethicalguidelines;

ethicalbehavior;

Ethicsofficer;

1. havemorecontrol

2. giveemployeesandcustomersmorecontrol;

collaborate;

designsandproduct;

pricingTask2:

l.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.T

Acodeofethicsisnecessaryforanorganization'

ssustainabledevelopment.Togainefficientoperation,goodreputationandprofitmaximization,everyemployeehastheresponsibilitytobehaveethically.Itcanbeacceptedaslongasitisreasonableandrespectsemployees5humanrights.

Unit3Psychology

（l）brainfunctioning

（2）theunconsciousmind

（3）mentalhealthproblems （4）Themajorityofpsychologists

（5）industrialandorganizational

1. Thefathercallshernamebuthereyesdon'

tmove.Thenhepicksupatoyandshakesit,ringingthebellitcontains.Still,thebaby'

seyesdon'

tmove.Thus,heconcludesthatshedoesn'

tseemtorespondtonoiseatall,thatsheisdeaf.Hisworryisnot-groundedbecauseitisanewbornbabyandherattentiontosoundma