中国人民大学考博英语真题.docx

中国人民大学考博英语真题.docx

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中国人民大学考博英语真题

5.中国人民大学2006

PartIVocabulary

Directions:

Foreachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestonethatcompletesthesentenceoristhenearestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedword.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

1.WhenIheardthatMrs.Thacherresigned,Icalledher.Iwantedhertoknowthatmyheartwas______her.

A.forB.ofC.inD.with

2.Gentlenesshasbeenconsidereda______trait.

A.boyishB.delicateC.feminineD.male

3.Weknowthatthisistrue,but______werecognizethistruthonlyinourbackwardglance.

A.alltoooftenB.toooftenC.alltoolateD.toolate

4.Theretiringprofessorwas______byhiscolleague.

A.criticizedB.exaltedC.drivenoutD.examined

5.Heishonest.Hisactionsarealways______hiswords.

A.contradictorytoB.contradictedbyC.agreedwithD.consistentwith

6.Lifeisneverjust______.

A.livingB.beingC.existingD.going

7.Thelady______herskirtbysittingontheseatwhileflying.

A.disorderedB.disarrangedC.creasedD.crashed

8.Youmustalwaysbereadytosacrifice______toduty.

A.inclinationB.tendencyC.interestD.career

9.Inmanycountriesnow,smokingisnot______inpublicplaces.

A.permissiveB.permissibleC.permutableD.pernicious

10.Hispleasantways______meintothinkingthathewasmygoodfriend.

A.deprivedB.despisedC.divertedD.beguiled

11.______animalsmustbekeptincagesincasetheymighthurtthetourists.

A.LandB.DomesticC.ViciousD.Farm

12.Almostovernight,Amesbecameaheroofenvironmentalistswhenhisfindingledtonewand______bansoncertainchemicals.

A.regulationsB.authoritiesC.ordersD.suggestions

13.The______noisewhistleskeptmeawakeallnight.

A.incarnateB.incessantC.repetitiousD.rampant

14.Thebabyseemscontent;hemusthave______hisnewnursemaid.

A.takentoB.takenafterC.takenfromD.takenin

15.HehadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheNaziauthorities,andhadnoother______.

A.alternativeB.hopeC.resourceD.approach

16.Agoodsenseofrhythmisoneofhisnatural______asapoet.

A.endowmentsB.interest

C.weaknessesD.accomplishments

17.Allhisattemptstoargueabouttherightnesswere______.

A.futileB.notimportant

C.effectiveinuseD.withoutreason

18.Iam______lowbrow,admirethehighbrowallthemoreforhispatronizingtype.

A.conceitingB.humbleC.overweeningD.poor

19.Lowbrowsarequite______forhighbrowstohavetheirsymphoniesandtheirRussiannovels.

A.contentB.containedC.capacityD.yearning

20.Asthespeedofchangebringsdesign______fashion,thendecisionsabouttastewillhavetobemademoreandmoreregularly.

A.neartoB.nearertoC.nexttoD.closeto

21.Thedarkcloudssuggesta（n）______storm.

A.impendingB.surprisingC.fastD.unexpected

22.Toourgrief,hebecame______tothedrug.

A.addictedB.interestedC.amusedD.disturbed

23.Beingaforeigner,Caddidnot______tothejoke.

A.appreciateB.catchonC.laughD.like

24.TalksonclimatechangeresumedintheGermancityofBonnonJuly16to______globalwarming.

A.foeusonB.combatC.settledownD.sumup

25.Hisparents______himtoenlistwhenhewasseventeen.

A.permittedB.committedC.madeD.enabled

26.______maythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustify.

A.OptimistsB.PessimistsC.CynieistsD.Humorists

27.Hequickly______behindthebuildingtoavoidbeinghurtbythestonesthrowninhisdirection.

A.duckedB.evadedC.escapedD.dodged

28.Byisolatingnegativewordsandphrases,youcan______thedamageyou'redoingtoyourself.

A.pointoutB.pointC.pinpointD.get

29.Itdidthe______serviceoffreeingusfromthedilemma.

A.immenseB.muchC.lotofD.innumerous

30.Sports,andnotlearning,seemto______inthatschool.

A.appearB.occupyC.dominateD.lead

31.Thelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwayto______povertytheyhadendured.

A.shakeoffB.wardoffC.putoffD.takeoff

32.Asskiesfillwithmillionsofmigratingbirds,Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalmiracleappearstodependonaseeming______Thefatterthebird,themoreefficientlyitflies.

A.interruptionB.description

C.qualificationD.contradiction

33.HismeetingwithPicassowasanimportant______intheartist'slife.

A.lessonB.episodeC.sceneD.chapter

34.BordersthesedayshavelittlemeaningforSingapore-basedregional______ofelectronicsfirmslikeSanyoandPhilips.

A.executivesB.officialsC.governorsD.servants

35.Unfortunately,thewoman'shat______myviewofthestage.

A.blockedupB.obstructedC.preventedD.interfered

36.Meantime,roadconstructionis______onthesiteofaproposedTumanRiverTriangle.

A.underwayB.inthewayC.ofthewayD.byway

37.Everyoneknowsthatthefireflyisa（n）______insect.

A.firingB.lightingC.aluminiferousD.glowing

38.Preferentialpoliciesandreadycooperationdoplayarolein______poverty.

A.alleviatingB.activatingC.assaultingD.accustoming

39.Thefactthattheseregionsare______innaturalresourcesdoesn'tmeanlocalpeoplearewelloff.

A.adorableB.accessibleC.abundantD.ambient

40.Inspiteofaproblemwiththe______equipment,someveryusefulworkwasaccomplished.

A.imperfectB.temporaryC.emergencyD.reinstalled

PartIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassages,decideonthebestoneofthechoicesmarkedA,B,CandDforeachquestionorunfinishedstatementandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

ThereisextraordinaryexposureintheUnitedStatestotherisksofinjuryanddeathfrommotorvehicleaccidents.Morethan80percentofallhouseholdsownpassengercarsorlighttrucksandeachoftheseisdrivenaaverageofmorethan11,000mileseachyear.Almostone-halfoffatallyinjureddrivershaveabloodalcoholconcentration（BAC）of0.1percentorhigher.Fortheaverageadult,overfiveouncesof80proofspiritswouldhavetobeconsumedoverashortperiodoftimetoattaintheselevels.Athirdofdriverswhohavebeendrinking,butfewerthan4percentofalldrivers,demonstratetheselevels.Althoughlessthan1percentofdriverswithBACsof0.1percentormoreareinvolvedinfatalcrashes,theprobabilityoftheirinvolvementis27timeshigherthanforthosewithoutalcoholintheirblood.

Thereareanumberofdifferentapproachestoreducinginjuriesinwhichintoxicationplaysarole.Basedontheobservationthatexcessiveconsumptioncorrelateswiththetotalalcoholconsumptionofacountry'spopulation,ithasbeensuggestedthathighertaxesonalcoholwouldreduceboth.Whiletheheaviestdrinkerswouldbetaxedthemost,anyonewhodrinksatallwouldbepenalizedbythisapproach.

Tomakedrinkinganddrivingacriminaloffenseisanapproachdirectedonlyatintoxicateddrivers.Insomestates,thelawempowerspolicetorequestbreathtestsofdriverscitedforanytrafficoffenseandelevatedBACcanbethebasisforarrest.TheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationestimates,however,thatevenwithincreasedattests,thereareabout700violationsforeveryarrest.Atthislevelthereislittleevidencethatlawsserveasdeterrentstodrinkingwhileintoxicated.InBritain,motorvehiclefatalitiesfell25percentimmediatelyfollowingimplementationoftheRoadSafetyActin1967.AstheBritishincreasinglyrecognizedthattheycoulddrinkandnotbestopped,theeffectivenessdeclined,althoughintheensuingthreeyearsthefatalityrateseldomreachedthatobservedinthesevenyearspriortotheAct.

WhetherpenaltiesfordrivingwithahighBACorexcessivetaxationonconsumptionofalcoholicbeverageswilldetertheexcessivedrinkerresponsibletotmostfatalitiesisunclear.Infact,theanswerdependsontheextenttowhichthosewithhighBACinvolvedincrashesarecapableofcontrollingtheirintakeinresponsetoeconomicorpenalthreat.Therapeuticprogramswhichrangefromindividualandgroupcounselingandpsychotherapytochemotherapyconstituteanotherapproach,buttheyhavenotdiminishedtheproportionofaccidentsinwhichalcoholwasafactor.Inthefewcontrolledtrialsthathavebeenreported,thereislittleevidencethatrehabilitationprogramsforthoserepeatedlyarrestedfordrunkenbehaviorhavereducedeithertherecidivismorcrashrates.Thusfar,thereisnofirmevidencethatAlcoholSafetyActionProjectsupportedprograms,inwhichrehabilitationmeasuresarerequestedbytilecourt,havedecreasedrecidivismorcrashinvolvementforclientsexposedtothem,althoughknowledgeandattitudeshaveimproved.Onethingisclear,however,unlesswedealwithautomobileandhighwaysafetyandreduceaccidentsinwhichalcoholicintoxicationplaysarole,manywillcontinuetodie.

41.Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith______.

A.interpretingtheresultsofsurveysontrafficfatalities

B.reviewingtheeffectivenessofattemptstocurbdrunkdriving

C.suggestingreasonsfortheprevalenceofdrunkdrivingintheUnitedStates

D.analyzingthecausesofthelargenumberofannualtrafficfatalities

42.Itcanbeinferredthatthe1967RoadSafetyActinBritain______.

A.requireddriversconvictedunderthelawtoundergorehabilitationtherapy

B.madeitillegaltodrivewhileintoxicated

C.increasedthenumberofdrunkdrivingarrests

D.placedataxonthesaleofalcoholicdrinks

43.Theauthorimplie