高中英语旧教材讲解IIunit 9补充语法关于倒装语序文档格式.docx
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HereisChina’slargesttropicalforest.
Herearesomepicture-books.
如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，
Hereyouare./Hereweare./Hereitis
四、由so引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如：
Societyhaschangedandsohavethepeopleinit.
Heplaystheviolinquitewell.Sodoesmysister.
如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，尽管so用开头，语序也不要倒装
--Itwascoldyesterday.–-Soitwas!
五、由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，
--Iwon’tdosuchathing.
–-Neither/NorwillI.
--Ihaven’tdonemyhomework.
–-Neither/NorhaveI.
Ifyoudon’tgo,neitherwillI.
Ididn’treadthenotice,nordidhe.
六、在if引导的非真实条件句中，如有助动词had,should或were时，可以省略if，进行倒装，
HadIcomefiveminutesearlier,Iwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.
（IfIhadcomefiveminutes…）
Shouldanyonecall,tellhimtowaitformehere.
WereItenyearsyounger,Iwouldwithyou.
Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letusknow.
七、out,in,up,down,away等副词放在主语前,主谓倒装
Upflewtheredballoon.
Outrushedapolicemanfromamongthecrowd.
如果主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面，如：
Awaytheywent./Downitflew.
/
Upitwent.八、当as引导让步状语从句时，把表语提到前面来,用“形容词（或副词、名词+as+主语+谓语”这种形式
Childasheis,heknowsalot.
Tiredashewas,hecontinuedtowork.
HardasIwork,Ican’tcatchupwithyou.
Muchasweliketheplace,wecan’tstayhere.
九、当always,often,manyatime等词放在句首时，后面常用倒装语序，如：
Alwaysdidhecometohelpus.
Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.
Manyatimedidhegoswimmingintheriver.
注：
上述所说的词不放在句首，不用倒装语序。
十、only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，其后面的主语部分要进行倒装，如：
Onlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimprovethesituationthere.
OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.
Onlyoncedidhisfatherdiscusshisfuturewithhim.
OnlyyesterdaydidIrealizewhatwasgoingon.
OnlyafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.
only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：
OnlysocialismcansaveChina.十一、含有否定意义的副词、连词或短语构成的状语放在句首时，常用倒装语序
not,never,hardly,seldom,little,rarely,
scarcely,notuntil,notonly…butalso…,
neither…nor…no
sooner…than…,
hardly…when…,scarcely…when
NevershallIforgettheday.
NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizeIhadwastedmuchtime.
Notonlydidhereadthebook,butalsoherememberedwhathehadread.
Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhefellill.
Hardly/Scarcelyhadhearrivedwhenhefellill.
上面所说的词和词组如果不在句首，句子不必用倒装语序。
另外，notonly…butalso连接两个主语时,不用倒装，如：
Notonlythestudents,butalsotheteacherwishesforaholiday.
十二、当so（或such）…that…结构中的so或such用于句首时，要采取倒装语序，如：
Soloudlydidhespeakthathewasheardupstairs.
Soangrywashethathecouldn’tspeak.
Soharddoeshestudythatheisthebestintheclass.
Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.
Suchwashisstrengththathecouldbendironbars.
such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，
Suchwastheresult.
Suchwereherwords.
Suchwasthestoryhetold.十三、在下列结构中也常用倒装语序：
Infrontofthemstoodagreatcastle.
Onthebedlayasickoldman.
Underthetreesatanoldman.
Seatedonthegroundaresomeyoungmen.
Lyingonthefloorwasaboy.
典型例题：
1.NotuntilIbegantowork______howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn'
tIrealize
B.didIrealize
C.Ididn'
trealize
D.Irealize
2.—DoyouknowTomboughtanewcar?
—Idon'
tknow,_______.
A.nordon'
tIcare
B.nordoIcare
C.Idon'
tcareneither
D.Idon'
tcarealso
答案为B。
Notuntil引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。
句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示"
也不"
。
由so,neither,nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。
其中,so用于肯定句,而neither,nor用在否定句中。
典型例题
—Whycan'
tIsmokehere?
—Atnotime_______inthemeeting-room.
A.issmokingpermitted
B.smokingispermitted
C.smokingisitpermitted
D.doessmokingpermit
答案A.这是一个倒装问题。
当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。
这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。
本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.
Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_______whatheatis.
A.mandidknow
B.manknow
C.didn'
tmanknow
D.didmanknow
答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D中选一个。
改写为正常语序为，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
典型例题
Nosooner_______thanitbegantorainheavily.
A.thegamebegan
B.hasthegamebegun
C.didthegamebegin
D.hadthegamebegun答案D.以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。
这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及notonly…but（also）,nosooner…than,hardly…whenscarcely…when等等。
注意：
只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。
如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.
AboutWorldDayforWater
TheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyadoptedresolutionA/RES/47/193of22December1992bywhich22MarchofeachyearwasdeclaredWorldDayforWater,tobeobservedstartingin1993,inconformitywiththerecommendationsoftheUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment（UNCED）containedinChapter18（FreshWaterResources）ofAgenda21.StateswereinvitedtodevotetheDay,asappropriateinthenationalcontext,toconcreteactivitiessuchasthepromotionofpublicawarenessthroughthepublicationanddiffusionofdocumentariesandtheorganizationofconferences,roundtables,seminarsandexpositionsrelatedtotheconservationanddevelopmentofwaterresourcesandtheimplementationoftherecommendationsofAgenda21.
hatisWorldEnvironmentDay?
WorldEnvironmentDaywasestablishedbytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyin1972toraiseenvironmentalawarenessandtoencourageactiontoprotecttheenvironment.
IV.EARTHSUMMIT
In1992,morethan100headsofstatemetinRiodeJaneiro,BrazilforthefirstinternationalEarthSummitconvenedtoaddressurgentproblemsofenvironmentalprotectionandsocio-economicdevelopment.TheassembledleaderssignedtheConventiononClimateChangeandtheConventiononBiologicalDiversity,endorsedtheRioDeclarationandtheForestPrinciples,andadoptedAgenda21,a300pageplanforachievingsustainabledevelopmentinthe21stcentury.
TheCommissiononSustainableDevelopment（CSD）wascreatedtomonitorandreportonimplementationoftheEarthSummitagreements.ItwasagreedthatafiveyearreviewofEarthSummitprogresswouldbemadein1997bytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblymeetinginspecialsession.ThisspecialsessionoftheUNGeneralAssemblytookstockofhowwellcountries,internationalorganizationsandsectorsofcivilsocietyhaverespondedtothechallengeoftheEarthSummit.
Grammar（补充语法）
I。
Goals:
1.TogetSstolearnandmastertheusagesofthenewwordsandtheusefulexpressionsinthisunit.
2.ToenableSstograspthegrammar:
Inversion.
II.Teachingprocedures:
Nowcomesyourturn.
二、由then引起，谓语为come（或follow）的句子，
Thencameanewdifficulty.
ThenfollowedeightyearsoftheAnti-JapaneseWar.
三、由here（或there）引导，谓语为be的句子
HereisChina’slargesttropicalforest.
Herearesomepicture-books.
如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，
Hereyouare./Hereweare./Hereitis
Societyhaschangedandsohavethepeopleinit.
Heplaystheviolinquitewell.Sodoesmysister.
如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，尽管so用开头，语序也不要倒装
--Itwascoldyesterday.–-Soitwas!
五、由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，
--Iwon’tdosuchathing.
–-Neither/NorwillI.
--Ihaven’tdonemyhomework.
–-Neither/NorhaveI.
Ifyoudon’tgo,neitherwillI.
Ididn’treadthenotice,nordidhe.
六、在if引导的非真实条件句中，如有助动词had,should或were时，可以省略if，进行倒装，
HadIcomefiveminutesearlier,Iwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.
（IfIhadcomefiveminutes…）
Shouldanyonecall,tellhimtowaitformehere.
WereItenyearsyounger,Iwouldwithyou.
Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letusknow.
七、out,in,up,down,away等副词放在主语前,主谓倒装
Upflewtheredballoon.
Outrushedapolicemanfromamongthecrowd.
Awaytheywent./Downitflew./Upitwent.
八、当as引导让步状语从句时，把表语提到前面来,用“形容词（或副词、名词+as+主语+谓语”这种形式
Childasheis,heknowsalot.
Tiredashewas,hecontinuedtowork.
HardasIwork,Ican’tcatchupwithyou.
Muchasweliketheplace,wecan’tstayhere.九、当always,often,manyatime等词放在句首时，后面常用倒装语序，如：
Alwaysdidhecometohelpus.
Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.
Manyatimedidhegoswimmingintheriver.
十、only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，其后面的主语部分要进行倒装，如
升级会员 