湖北大学考博英语真题Word文件下载.docx
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tostriketherightbalancebetweenencouraginghealthyeconomicgrowthandavoidinginflationarypressures.Withtheeconomyshowingsustainedandvigorousgrowth,andwiththecurrencycrisishighlightingtheneedtoimproveourcompetitivepostureinternationally,theemphasisseemedtobeshiftingtotheproblemofinflation.ThePhaseThreeProgramofwageandpricerestraintcancontributetoreducinginflation.Unlessproductivitygrowthisunexpectedlylarge;
however,theexpansionofrealoutputmusteventuallybegintoslowdowntotheeconomy'
slargerrungrowthpotentialifgeneralizeddemandpressuresonpricesaretobeavoided.
1.Theauthormentionsincreasedinstallmentdebtinthefirstparagraphinordertoshow______.
Athecontinuingexpansionoftheeconomy
Bthegrowthofconsumerpurchasingpower
Ctheconsumers'
confidenceintheeconomy
Dthesoaringconsumerincomesforspending
2.Paragraph2mainlydealswith______.
AeconomicpolicymeasuressuggestedbythePresident
Bthecausesofbusinessdevelopmentfortheperiod
Cthestimulativemonetaryandfiscalpolices
Dtherevivalofstrongerliquiditypositions
3.Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthattheauthor'
sattitudetowardthereductionoftheinternationalpaymentsdeficitseems______.
Abitter-sweet
Bpessimistic
Csympathetic
Ddoubtful
4.Partofthepublicpolicytask,asoutlinedinthetext,isto______.
Apreventpaymentsdeficit
BdevaluetheAmericandollar
Cavoidinflationarypressures
Dincreasethebalanceoftrade
5.ItcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthatthePhaseThreeProgramcontained______.
Adevaluationofthedollar
Bproductivitymeasures
Creducedgovernmentspending
Dwageandpricecontrols
Educationisoneofthekeywordsofourtime.Aman,withoutaneducation,manyofusbelieve,isanunfortunatevictimofadversecircumstancesdeprivedofoneofthegreatesttwentieth-centuryopportunities.Convincedoftheimportanceofeducation,modernstates"
invest"
ininstitutionsoflearningtogetback"
interest"
intheformofalargegroupofenlightenedyoungmenandwomenwhoarepotentialleaders.Education,withitscyclesofinstructionsocarefullyworkedout,ispunctuatedbytextbooks--thosepurchasablewellsofwisdom--whatwouldcivilizationbelikewithoutitsbenefits?
Somuchiscertain:
thatwewouldhavedoctorsandpreachers,lawyersanddefendants,marriagesandbirths;
butourspiritualoutlookwouldbedifferent.Wewouldlaylessstresson"
factsandfigures"
andmoreonagoodmemory,onappliedpsychology,andonthecapacityofamantogetalongwithhisfellowcitizens.Ifoureducationalsystemwerefashionedafteritsbooklesspastwewouldhavethemostdemocraticformof"
college"
imaginable.Amongthepeoplewhomweliketocallsavagesallknowledgeinheritedbytraditionissharedbyall;
itistaughttoeverymemberofthetribesothatinthisrespecteverybodyisequallyequippedforlife.
Itistheidealconditionofthe"
equalstart"
whichonlyourmostprogressiveformsofmodemeducationtrytoregain.Inprimitiveculturestheobligationtoseekandtoreceivethetraditionalinstructionisbindingtoall.Thereareno"
illiterates"
--ifthetermcanbeappliedtopeoplewithoutascript--whileourowncompulsoryschoolattendancebecamelawinGermanyin1642,inFrancein1806,andinEngland1876,andisstillnon-existentinanumberof"
civilized"
nations.Thisshowshowlongitwasbeforewedeemeditnecessarytomakesurethat'
allourchildrencouldshareintheknowledgeaccumulatedbythe"
happyfew"
duringthepastcenturies.
Educationinthewildernessisnotamatterofmonetarymeans.Allareentitledtoanequalstart.Thereisnoneofthehurrywhich,inoursociety,oftenhampersthefulldevelopmentofagrowingpersonality.There,achildgrowsupundertheever-presentattentionofhisparents,thereforethejunglesandthegrasslandsknowofno"
juveniledelinquency"
.Nonecessityofmakingalivingawayfromhomeresultsinneglectofchildrenandnofatherisconfrontedwithhisinabilityto"
buy"
aneducationforhischild.
6.Theword"
inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.
Apleasure
Breturns
Cshare
Dknowledge
7.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorseemstobe______.
Aagainsttheeducationintheveryearlyhistorictimes
Binfavoroftheeducationalpracticeinprimitivecultures
Cquitehappytoseeanequalstartforeveryone
Dpositiveaboutourpresenteducationalinstruction
8.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.
Atheaimof"
hasalreadybeenreachedamongsavages
Bsavagesinancienttimesaremorecivilizedthanmodernpeople
Cthemodemeducationsystemismoredemocraticthanbefore
Dtherearenoilliteratesincivilizednationsintoday'
ssociety
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
AEducationcan'
tworkwithoutthebenefitsoftextbooks.
BWehavenotyetdecidedonoureducationalmodels.
CCompulsoryschoolingisnotexistentinallnations.
DOurspiritualoutlookisbetternowthanbefore.
10.Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.
AEducationandModernCivilization
BTheSignificanceofModernEducation
CEducationalInvestmentandtheProfitItBrings
DEducation:
AComparisonbetweenPastandPresent
Allcultureshavesomesystemofmeasuringduration,orkeepingtime,butinWesternindustrializedsocieties,wekeeptrackoftimeinwhatseemstootherpeoplesalmostanobsessivefashion.Weviewtimeasmotiononaspace,akindoflinearprogressionmeasuredbytheclockandthecalendar.Thisperceptioncontributestooursenseofhistoryandthekeepingofrecords,whicharetypicalaspectsofWesterncultures.
Althoughourperceptionsoftimeseemnaturaltous,wemustnotassumethatotherculturesoperateonthesametimesystem.Forinstance,whyshouldweassumethataHopiraisedintheHopiculturewouldhavethesameintuitionsabouttimethatwehave?
InHopihistory,ifrecordshadbeenwritten,wewouldfindadifferentsetofculturalandenvironmentalinfluencesworkingtogether.TheHopipeopleareapeacefulagriculturalsocietyisolatedbygeographicfeatureandnomadenemiesinalandoflittlerainfall.Theiragricultureissuccessfulonlybythegreatestperseverance.Extensivepreparationsareneededtoensurecropgrowth.ThustheHopivaluepersistenceandrepetitioninactivity.Theyhaveasenseofthecumulativevalueofnumerous,small,repeatedmovements,fortothemsuchmovementsarenotwastedbutarestoreduptomakechangesinlaterevents.TheHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotion,asasmoothflowinglineonwhicheverythingintheuniverseproceedsatanequalrateawayfromapast,throughapresent,intoaforeseeablefuture.
LongandcarefulstudyoftheHopilanguagehasrevealedthatitcontainsnowords,grammaticalforms,constructions,orexpressionsthatrefertowhatwecalltime-thepast,present,orfuture-ortothedurationorlastingaspectoftime.TotheHopi,"
time"
isa"
gettinglater"
ofeverythingthathasbeendone,sothatpastandpresentmergetogether.TheHopidonots