XX届高考英语第一轮语法专题复习非谓语动词.docx
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XX届高考英语第一轮语法专题复习非谓语动词
XX届高考英语第一轮语法专题复习非谓语动词
非谓语动词
考纲新研读
.非谓语动词的形式
动词不定式
动词的-ing形式
动词过去分词
一般式
todo
doing
done
一般被动式
tobedone
beingdone
完成式
tohavedone
havingdone
完成被动式
tohavebeendone
havingbeendone
进行式
tobedoing
完成进行式
tohavebeendoing
2.非谓语动词在句子中的作用
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
补语
动词不定式
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动词的-ing形式
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动词过去分词
√
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3.非谓语动词的用法
动词不定式
用作主语：
Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.
Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.
用作宾语：
whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?
Doyouthinkitnecessarytogothere?
用作表语：
Allshewoulddowastogohome.
用作宾补：
Iwarnedtheboynottobelateagain.
Hesawherleavethehouse.
Shewasseentoleavethehouse.
HeoftenhelpsmelearnEnglish.
withnoonetohelphim,hecan’tdoit.
withsomanyproblemstosettle,themanagercan’tleavefor
holidays.
【注意】用于不带to的不定式作宾补的的动词有：
feel,hear,see,
notice,observe,watch,listento,lookat,have,make,let等。
但
变为被动语态时需要带to。
例如：
Inoticedherentertheoffice.
weheardhimsingeveryday.
Santa’sfathermadeherpromisethatshewouldn’twritetome
orsendmeanyword.
用作定语：
Ihavenothingtowrite.
Iwasthefirsttocometoschool.
wehavenotimetothinkaboutrest.
用作状语：
常表示原因、结果、条件、目的等。
Hestoppedtotalktoanoldman.
Irushedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainalreadygone.
Hewashappytohearthenews.
另外：
inorderto;soasto引导目的状语，“为了,以便”;so...asto
引导结果状语，“太……以致……”。
用在疑问词后面，如whattodo,构成不定式复合结构,相当于名
词，作主语、宾语和表语。
例如：
Thequestioniswheretogetacomputer.
Ireallydon’tknowwhattodo.
Howtogetridofthepollutionisstillaproblem.
【注意】不定式也有一定的时态和语态；有否定式、完成式、进
行式、被动式等和自己的逻辑主语：
被动形式：
Heaskedtobesenttothefront.
进行式：
Hepretendedtobelisteningattentively.
完成式：
Heissaidtohavegoneabroad.
否定式：
前加not：
Hepretendednottohaveseenme.
不定式的逻辑主语有两种情况：
It’shightimeforustoplanttrees.
It’sverykindofyoutosayso.
动词的过去分词
作定语
及物动词的过去分词，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去
分词，只表示完成。
单个的分词作定语，放在它所修饰的词
的前面;分词短语作定语，放在它所修饰的词的后面。
例如：
Abrokencupislyingonthefloor.
Themeetingheldyesterdaywasveryimportant.
作表语：
表状态，与句子主语是被动关系。
例如：
Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.
Thecityissurroundedonthreesidesbymountains.
作状语
动词的过去分词相当于副词，可以在句子中作状语，与句子主
语是逻辑上的主谓关系，两者往往是被动关系，即主语是过去
分词动作的承受者。
Seenfromspace,theearthlookslikeaball.
comparedwiththepeopleinIraq,wearemuchhappier.
名词加过去分词，构成独立结构，用作状语。
Allthingsconsidered,herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.
作宾补
作宾语补足语的过去分词，大都来自及物动词。
分词与宾语是
被动关系。
不及物动词的过去分词作宾补,与宾语是主动关系,
表示动作已经发生。
Isawthehousebrokeninto.
Thereissomethingwrongwithmyradio.Iwillhaveitrepaired.
Theemperororderedtheclothwovenforhimatonce.
Hecamein,withhishandstiedattheback.
动词的-ing形式
动词的-ing形式相当于名词、形容词、副词等,也保留了动词的某些特征。
作主语：
Talkingiseasierthandoing.
It’snousetalkingaboutit.
作宾语：
Heisafraidofbeingscolded.
Ifounditnousetalkingwithhim.
有些动词后面只能接doing。
如：
admit,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,finish,imagine,
keep,miss,mention,practice,risk,stop,suggest等。
有些动词后面只能接todo。
如：
agree,decide,expect,hope,
long,manage,plan,pretend,
refuse,wish等。
有些动词后面接doing和todo都可以，且意思差别细微，或看作
没差别。
如：
begin,start,hate,like,love,continue,refer等；
但另一类词差别很大。
如：
forget,remember,mean,try,regret等。
还有goon;remindsb.ofdoingsth.和remindsb.to
do。
另外，stopdoing停止干；stoptodo停下来去干某
事，todo是目的状语。
作表语：
Seeingisbelieving.
Thestoryismoving/exciting/interesting.
作宾补：
Isawthemcomingacrosstheroad.
Theyhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.
作定语：
Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.
chinaisadevelopingcountry.
作状语：
Beingill,shewenthome.
Havingfinishedtheirhomework,theyhadarest.
whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.
【注意】
.动词-ing形式的逻辑主语有三种形式：
doing前加物主代词。
如：
mydoing；
doing前加名词所有格。
如：
Tom’sdoing；
作宾语时doing前可加人称代词宾格。
如：
medoing。
例如:
mary’scominglatemademr.Smithangry.
Shedidn’tmindhiscrying.
2.否定式在其前面加not;完成式havingdone;被动式beingdone。
例如:
Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.
Havingfinishedtheirhomework,theywatchedTV.
Hehadhopedtotakehisseatwithoutbeingseen.
3.独立结构：
weatherpermitting,we’llhaveasportsmeet
nextweek.
weatherbeingsofine,wehavedecidedto
goonanouting.
Therebeingnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.
4.with复合结构：
Theyslept,withthelightsburning.
高考新剖析
.Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeit
easierforit_________.［XX年高考湖南卷］
A.reusing
B.reused
c.reuses
D.tobereused
2.Schoolsacrosschinaareexpectedtohire50,000college
graduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimes
thenumberhiredlastyear,__________reduceunemployment
pressures.［XX年高考江苏卷］
A.help
B.tohavehelped
c.tohelp
D.havinghelped
D
c
3.Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool.
__________theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorning
areouralumnifromhomeandabroad.
［XX年高考江苏卷］
A.Attend
B.Toattend
c.Attending
D.Havingattended
4.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic__________smoothly.
［XX年高考全国卷Ⅱ］
A.beingrun
B.run
c.torun
D.running
5.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywith
thedecisions_________？
［XX年高考全国卷Ⅰ］
A.taking
B.take
c.taken
D.totake
6.Ifthere’salotofwork_________,I’mhappytojustkeepon
untilitisfinished.［XX年高考上海卷］
A.todo
B.tobedoing
c.done
D.doing
c
D
c
A
7.Ifeelgreatlyhonored__________intotheirsociety.
［XX年高考北京卷］
A.towelcome
B.welcoming
c.tobewelcomed
D.welcomed
8.Somethingassimpleas__________somecoldwatermayclear
yourmindandrelievepressure.［XX年高考上海卷］
A.todrink
B.drinking
c.tobedrinking
D.drunk
9.mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthe
bicycle__________tobalanceit.［XX年高考上海卷］
A.havingtired
B.trying
c.totry
D.tried
0.Ideally__________forBroadwaytheatresandFifthAvenue,
theNewyorkParkhotelisafavoritewithmanyguests.
［XX年高考上海卷］
A.locating
B.beinglocated
c.havingbeenlocated
D.located
c
B
B
D
1.Thechildrenallturned__________thefamousactressasshe
enteredtheclassroom.［XX年高考全国卷Ⅰ］
A.lookedat
B.tolookat
c.tolookingat
D.lookat
2.__________,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.
［XX年高考辽宁卷］
A.Beingawinner
B.Tobeawinner
c.Beawinner
D.Havingbeenawinner
3.__________inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldman
suddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.
［XX年高考福建卷］
A.waiting
B.Towait
c.Havingwaited
D.Tohavewaited
4.—canthose__________atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?
—Noproblem.［XX年高考福建卷］
A.seat
B.sit
c.seated
D.sat
B
B
c
c
5.myparentshavealwaysmademe__________aboutmyself,
evenwhenIwastwelve.
A.feelingwell
B.feelinggood
c.feelwell
D.feelgood
精题新探究
.whichdoyouenjoy__________yourholiday,goingabroador
stayingathome?
A.spending
B.tospend
c.beingspent
D.spend
2.Thepilotfeltsomething__________wrongwiththeenginejust
beforetheplanetookoff.
A.go
B.went
c.wasgoing
D.togo
3.—whydoyoulooksad?
—Therearesomanyproblems__________.
A.remainingtosettle
B.remainedsettling
c.remainingtobesettled
D.remainedtobesettled
D
B
A
c
4.—Doyouknowwhytheypractise__________basketballevery
day?
—Theypractise__________
inthebasketballmatchofourschool.
A.playing;tojoin
B.playing;joining
c.toplay;tojoin
D.toplay;joining
5.Lily’smobilephonewasleftinataxiaccidentally,never
__________again.
A.tofind
B.tobefound
c.finding
D.beingfound
6.—wedidn’tfindtheBlacks_________thelecture.
—Noonehadtoldthemabout__________alecturethefollowing
day.
A.toattend;theretobe
B.attending;therebeing
c.attended;therebe
D.attend;therewas
7.Theinternationalagreement,__________encouragechildrennot
tosmokeandhelppeoplekickthehabit,wassignedonFebruary
27.
A.intendingto
B.beingintendedto
c.intendedto
D.tointendto
A
B
B
c
8.__________twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,
istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.
A.Beingexamined
B.Examined
c.Examining
D.Havingbeenexamined
9.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif
__________whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.
A.seeing
B.havingseen
c.tosee
D.tohaveseen
0.__________horrible,themedicinewasthrownawaybythe
child.
A.Tasted
B.Tasting
c.Totaste
D.Beingtasted
1.Thelong-lastingmeetingendedinfailure,_________no
agreements.
A.toreach
B.wouldreach
c.reaching
D.reached
2.Tompretended__________it,butinfact,heknewitverywell.
A.notlistento
B.nottohearabout
c.nottohaveheardabout
D.nottolisten
A
c
B
c
c
3.Evenifthetroopscanbefound,__________themremainsa
problem.
A.equips
B.equipped
c.havingequipped
D.equipping
4.Heshowedusagoodtyreforcomparisonwiththeone
__________.
A.wearing
B.worn
c.tearing
D.torn
5.
__________ontimeisoneofourprinciples.Andwedoour
bestforcustomers.
A.Delivergoods
B.Deliveringgoods
c.Deliveredgoods
D.Havingdeliveredgoods
D
B
B
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