三峡大学791综合英语Word文档格式.docx
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(答案必须写在答题纸上)
Ⅰ.ChoosetherightonefromA.B.C.Dforeachblank:
(20分)
请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。
标明题号!
1._____mean“gettingworse”.Therootisgrave,inthesenseof“serious”.
A.AccurateB.AdolescentC.AggravatingD.Affirmative
2.China’sShenzhou10brieflyfireditsrocketsto____itsorbitearlyFridayasthespacecraftbeganitsthirddayofamission.
A.achieveB.adjustC.adoptD.admit
3.“We_____themercyofGod,notthatHemayleaveusatpeaceinourvice,butthatHemaydeliverusfromthem.”
A.illuminateB.illustrateC.implyD.implore
4.Grants______housingopportunities,tennon-profitreceivemorethan$250,000forlow-incomehousing.
A.allowintoB.allowofC.allowforD.allowto
5.Druginduced______ofgreatbodilyharm.
A.indigestionB.inflationC.influenceD.infliction
6.Theceilingisthemostimportantplaceto____becauseofupto45percentoftheheatlossfromthere.
A.inspectB.inspireC.installD.insulate
7.Whenwepursueathingforlove,wearefreeto____andmakemistakings.
A.flutteringB.fumbleC.frustrateD.fuse
8.Maryhas____herbluedresssheboughtlastyear.
A.grownupBgrownoutofC.grownintoD.grownawayfrom
9.Iwillcreateacoherentplantostrengthencommunitiesandlocaleconomies,andallowhome-townbusinessto_____.
A.thriveB.thumbC.thrustD.thrill
10.Therewasno_____intendedinwhatshesaid.
A.maliceB.maladyC.malariaD.marsh
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11.Mybosspromisedmethebutonlypaidtheminimumwage.
A.benefitB.checkC.moonD.sum
12.Themanagerisverytodealwith.Youreallyhavetowalkon.
A.toesB.airC.heelsD.eggs
13.EightpeopleareinconnectionwiththeillegalonlinereleaseofthefinalStarWarsfilm.
A.blamedB.chargedC.condemnedD.accused
14.Hiskepthimfromstealingeveninhishardesttime.
A.conscienceB.consciousC.conscientiousD.consciousness
15.Thosebooksarehelpingtopreparemenandwomenforacareerasaflight.
A.attendantB.attendanceC.attendingD.attendees
16.World______10yearsbyBush’sNewWorldOrder,SaysBlairAide.
A.setbackB.standbackC.takebackD.turnback
17.Thepolicemen______thatthespeedingcarhadcrashedintothetruck.
A.certifiedB.testifiedC.provedD.confirmed
18.Alotofstudentsaresufferingfromthe______ofbeingnear-sighted.
A.drawbackB.handicapC.blunderD.limitation
19.Thepartydidn’t______untilmidnight.
A.breakdownB.breakoutC.breakthroughD.breakup
20.Theonlything______iswrongwiththis_____afriendofminesaidtometheotherday.
A.which,whatB.what,thatC.that,whatD.that,which
Ⅱ.Choosetherightwordfromthelistgivenbelowforeachblank:
(10分)
speakrespectiveextendedunitsproceedexchange
waystransitionsenseresultingtakenheart
ItiswidelysupposedthattheprimaryanalyticfocusofConversationAnalysis(hereafterCA)isturntaking—the
(1)_____inwhichtakingturnsisorganisedinconversation;
thewaysthatspeakersallocatenextturns;
howothersknowwhenitistheirturntospeech;
theorderly
(2)_____fromoneturntothenext;
howturnsattalkare(4)_____throughincrementalcontinuations;
howturnscollide,(3)_____inoverlappingtalkbetweenparticipants;
howturnsareconstructedthrough(5)_____,enablingnextspeakerstobegintheirturnatthe‘rightmoment’.Alltheseandmoreareaspectsofhowturnsare(6)_____,constructedandtransferredinconversation,insuchawaythatturn-takingismanagedinanorderlyfashion,andinsuchawayastoenablethebusinessoftalk-in-interactionto(7)_____.Thepracticesandmechanisms
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formanagingturn-takingandturntransitionsareatthe(8)_____ofhowthe‘work’ofinteractiongetsdone.AndsoitisperhapsunsurprisingthatCAshouldberegardedasbeing‘about’turn-taking.Indeed,turn-takingmustinsome(9)_____beconstitutiveofinteraction,sinceinter-actionrequiressomethinghappeningbetweenparticipants;
onesayssomethingandtheotherresponds,andeachdoessointheir(10)_____turnsattalk;
theymustinsomefashiontakeandexchangeturnsattalk.Turn-takingisthusfundamentaltoandconstitutiveofinteraction.
Ⅲ.Readthefollowingtextscarefullyandthenmakeacorrectchoicetoanswerthequestionsaftereachtext:
(40分)
TEXTA
Itisgenerallywellknownthatinnumberofparticularlydangerouspartsoftheworld,forexampletheMiddleEastandtheIndian/Pakistanborderregion,therearecountrieswhicheitherpossess,orhavethetechnologytoproduce,nuclearweapons.Itisalsoworthremembering,however,thattheUnitedStatesistheonlypowerevertohaveusednuclearweaponsagainstpeople.
NuclearweaponswerefirstdevelopedintheUnitedStatesduringtheSecondWorldWar,tobeusedagainstGermany.However,bythetimethefirstbombswerereadyforuse,thewarwithGermanyhadendedand,asaresult,thedecisionwasmadetousetheweaponsagainstJapaninstead.HiroshimaandNagasakihavesufferedtheconsequencesofthisdecisiontothepresentday.
Therealreasonwhybombsweredroppedontwoheavilypopulatedcitiesarenotaltogetherclear.Anumberofpeoplein1994andearly1945arguedthattheuseofnuclearweaponswouldbeunnecessary,sinceAmericanIntelligencewasawarethatsomeofthemostpowerfulandinfluentialpeopleinJapanhadalreadyrealizedthatthewarwaslost,andwantedtonegotiateaJapanesesurrender.Itwasalsoarguedthat,sinceJapanhasfewnaturalresources,ablockadebytheAmericannavywouldforceittosurrenderwithinafewweeks,andtheuseofnuclearweaponswouldthusproveunnecessary.Ifademonstrationofforcewasrequiredtoendthewar,abombcouldbedroppedoveranunpopulatedarealikeadesert,infrontofJapaneseobservers,oroveranareaoflowpopulationinsideJapan,suchasaforest.Optingforthiscourseofactionmightminimizethelossoffurtherlivesonallsides,whilethepowerofnuclearweaponswouldstillbeadequatelydemonstrated.
Alloftheseargumentswererejected,however,andthegeneralconsensuswasthatthequickestwaytoendthefightingwouldbetousenuclearweaponsagainstcentersofpopulationinsideJapan.Infact,twoofthemorelikelyreasonswhythisdecision
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wasreachedseemquiteshockingtousnow.
SincethebeginningoftheSecondWorldWarbothGermanyandJapanhadadoptedapolicyofgenocide(i.e.killingasmanypeopleaspossible,includingcivilians).Lateron,eventheU.S.andBritainhadusedthestrategyoffirebombingcities(DresdenandTokyo,forexample)inordertokill,injureandintimidateasmanyciviliansaspossible.Certainly,thegeneralpublicintheWesthadbecomeusedtohearingaboutthedeathsoflargenumbersofpeople,sothedeathsofanotherfewthousandJapanese,whoweretheenemyinanycase,wouldnotseemparticularlyunacceptable---abitof“justifiable”revengefortheAllies’ownlosses,perhaps.
Thesecondreasonisnotmucheasiertocomprehend.Someoftheleadingintheworldhadcollaboratedtodevelopnuclearweapons,andthisdevelopmenthadresultedinanumberofmajoradvancesintechnologyandscientificknowledge.Asaresult,alotofnormal,intelligentpeoplewantedtoseenuclearweaponsused;
theywantedtoseejusthowdestructivethisnewinventioncouldbe.Itnodoubtturnedouttobeevenmore“effective”thantheyhadimagined.
Questions1-5
1.InParagraph1,thewriterissuggestingthat________ismorelikelytousenuclearweaponsagain.
A.theU.S.B.theIndia/PakistanBorderregion
C.MiddleEastD.bothBandC
2.Accordingtotheauthor,a“blockade”wouldhavebeensuccessfulbecause________.
A.theAmericanscoulddefeatJapan’snavysinceitwasshortofresources
B.anattackwouldprobablydestroyJapaneseresourceswithinafewweeks
C.Americawouldberesourcefulenoughtobeatablockade
D.mostofJapan’snaturalresourcesdependedonimport
3.Theauthorrefersto“normal,intelligent”peopleinParagraph6because________.
A.theauthorwantstoemphasizethefactthattheywereamongthecleverestscientists
B.theauthorfeelsthedecisiontousenuclearweaponsagainstJapanwascorrect
C.theauthorbelievesthismakesthedecisiontousenuclearweaponsseemmoreshocking
D.theauthorwantstoshowhowmanypeoplewantedtoobservethebombsbeingdropped
4.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Peopleinthewesthadgotusedtohearingthesoundsofpeopledying.
B.ItwouldprobablynotbewisetoinformpeopleintheWestofthedeaths.
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C.Scientiststhoughtonlyafewthousandpeoplewoulddieifthebombswereused.
D.PeopleintheWestwouldacceptthatsomepeoplehadtodietoendthewar.
5.InthelastsentenceofParagraph6,thewriterimpliesthat________.
A.he/sheagreeswiththedecisiontousenuclearweaponsagainstJapan
B.he/shethinksthedecisiontodropnuclearbombsonJapanesecitieswaswrong
C.nuclearweaponsworkedmuchbetterthanthescientistsprobablyexpected
D.theweaponsprovedtobeeffectivebecauseJapansurrenderedsoonafter
TEXTB
Divorceisoneofthosecreations,likefastfoodandlittlerock,thathavemorepeoplewillingtoindulgeinitthanpeoplewillingtodefendit.Backinth1960s,easierdivorcewashailedasaneededremedyfortoxicrelationships.Butfamiliarityhasbredcontempt.Inrecentyears,thedivorcerevolutionhasbeenblamedforworseningallsortsofproblemswithoutbringinghappinesstopeop