大学英语四级真题及答案.docx

大学英语四级真题及答案.docx

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大学英语四级真题及答案

2016年6月英语四级考试真题及答案

　PartIWriting（30minutes）

　　Directions：

Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty。

Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words。

　PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions：

Inthissection，thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

　　Questions26to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

　　Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood，andthere’sgrowingevidencethatithelpsthebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise，whetheratschoolorontheirown，　26　tohavehigherGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina　27　of14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityandacademic　28　，investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved，thebettertheirgradeswereinschool，　29　inthebasicsubjectsofmath，Englishandreading.

　　Thedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducationclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto　30　onsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.Withstandardizedtestscoresinthe.　31　inrecentyears，someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheplayground.Butasthesefindingsshow，exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe　32　exclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood　33　tothebrain，fuelingmemory，attentionandcreativity，whichare　34　tolearning.Andexercisereleaseshormonesthatcanimprove　35　andrelievestress，whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey’rerunningaround，theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.

　　注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.

　　A）attendance

　　B）consequently

　　C）current

　　D）depressing

　　E）dropping

　　F）essential

　　G）feasible

　　H）flow

　　I）mood

　　J）mutually

　　K）particularly

　　L）performance

　　M）review

　　N）survive

　　O）tend

　　SectionB

　　Directions：

Inthissection，youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

FindingtheRightHome—andContentment，Too

　　[A]Whenyourelderlyrelativeneedstoentersomesortoflong-termcarefacility—amomentfewparentsorchildrenapproachwithoutfear—whatyouwouldlikeistohaveeverythingmadeclear.

　　[B]Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome，orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners？

Arenursinghomesasbadaspeoplefear，oristhatanout-modedstereotype（固定看法）？

Candoingone’shomeworkreallysteerfamiliestothebestplaces？

Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow.

　　[C]Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenotnecessarilythethingsthatmakeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtomovein.Iamnottalkingaboutthequalityofcare，letmehastilyadd.Nobodyflourishesinagloomyenvironmentwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrecord.Butanaccumulatingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsomedistinctionsbetweenonetypeofeldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo.

　　[D]Themostrecentofthesestudies，publishedinThejournalofAppliedGerontology，surveyed150Connecticutresidentsofassistedliving，nursinghomesandsmallerresidentialcarehomes（knowninsomestatesasboardandcarehomesoradultcarehomes）.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenteraskedtheresidentsalargenumberofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife，emotionalwell-beingandsocialinteraction，aswellasaboutthequalityofthefacilities.

　　[E]“Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes，”saidtheleadauthorofthestudy，JulieRobison，anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity.Areasonableassumption—don’tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan’t？

　　[F]Intheinitialresults，assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities，forinstance，andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction.

　　[G]Butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables，suchdifferencesdisappeared.Itisnotthehousingtype，theyfound，thatcreatesdifferencesinresidents’responses.“Itisthecharacteristicsofthespecificenvironmenttheyarein，combinedwiththeirownpersonalcharacteristics—howhealthytheyfeeltheyare，theirageandmaritalstatus，”Dr.Robisonexplained.Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant.

　　[H]Anelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth，therefore，mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving（evenifherchildrenpreferredit）thaninanursinghome.Apersonwhobadinputintowherehewouldmoveandhashadtimetoadapttoitmightdoaswellinanursinghomeasinasmallresidentialcarehome，otherfactorsbeingequal.Itisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandtheplace，notthesortofplaceinitself，thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences.“Youcan’tjustsay，‘Let’sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinsteadofanursinghome—shewillbemuchbetteroff，”Dr.Robisonsaid.Whatmatters，sheadded，“isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem，andwhattheyfindthere.”

　　[I]Suchfindings，whichruncountertocommonsense，havesurfacedbefore.Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving，forinstance，UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables—thefacility’stype，sizeorage；whetherachainownedit；howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness，mentaldecline，hospitalizationsormortality.Whatmatteredmostwastheresidents’physicalhealthandmentalstatus.Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedonetheywerethere.

　　[J]AsIwasconsideringallthis，apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk，announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.Asamatteroffact，consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities，thelowestrated，thanwiththefive-starones.（Moreonthisstudyandthestarratingswillappearinasubsequentpost.）

　　[K]Beforewecollectivelytearourhairout—howarewesupposedtofindourwayinalandscapethisconfusing？

—hereisathoughtfromDr.PhilipSloane，ageriatrician（老年病学专家）attheUniversityofNorthCarolina：

“Inaway，thatcouldbeliberatingforfamilies.”

　　[L]Ofcourse，sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities，talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies，anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon’thavetoturnthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsorCongressionalsubcommittees.“Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy，”Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryimportant.

　　[M]Weallhaveourownideasaboutwhatwouldbringourparentshappiness.Theyhavetheirideas，too.Afriendrecentlytookhermothertovisitanexpensiveassistedliving/nursinghomenearmytown.Ihaveseenthisplace—itiselegant，insideandout.Butnobodygreetedthedaughterandmotherwhentheyarrived，thoughthevisithadbeenplanned；nobodyintroducedthemtotheotherresidents.Whentheyhadlunchinthediningroom，theysataloneatatable.

　　[N]Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere，andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch，thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.

　　36.Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursinghomefortheirparents.

　　ithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities，involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant.

　　isreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursinghome.

　　aresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.

　　authorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.

　　systemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryplace.

　　firsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction.

　　kindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.

　　findingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-statestudyofassisted