英语发音规律表.docx
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英语发音规律表
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读音
例词
a
在开音节中
[ei]
nameplaneJanebabycake
在闭音节中
[æ]
bagdadhatmapblackback
e
在开音节中
[i:
]
hethesemeChinese
在闭音节中
[e]
bedletpendeskyesegg
i
在开音节中
[ai]
bikeflydrivetimenicekite
在闭音节中
[i]
fishbigdrinksitmilkswim
o
在开音节中
[ou]
thoseclosegohoehomeno
在闭音节中
[ɔ:
]
clocknotboxshopsock
u
在开音节中
[ju:
]
studentexcusedutyTuesday
在闭音节中
[∧]
buscupjumpmuchlunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:
]音,例如：
Junebluerulersuper
二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读音
例词
a
在[w]音后面
[ɔ:
]
wantwhatwatchwashquality
在fnskphspssstth前
[α:
]
afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather
i
在-nd-ld和gh前
[ai]
findchildlighthigh
o
在-st-ld前
[ou]
mostpostcardoldcold
在mnvth前
[∧]
comemonkeylovemother
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读音
例词
a
[ә]
Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast
[i]
orangecomradevillagecabbage
e
[ә]
hundredstudentopenweekend
[i]
chickenpocketbeginchildren
i/y
[ә]
holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal
[j/i/i:
]
Onionclinicbabyperiod
[ai]
exercisesatellite
o
[ә]
secondtonightsomebodywelcome
[әƱ]
alsozerophoto
u
[ә]
autumndifficult
[ju:
]
popularcongratulationJanuary
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如：
operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母jlrs后面时,读[u（:
）]音,例如：
JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母aei即可以读作[ә]音,也可以读作音
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读音
例词
ar在[w]音后面
[α:
]
carfarmdarksharpener
[ɔ:
]
warmquartertowards
or在[w]音后面
[ɔ:
]
fortymorningshort
[ɜ:
]
wordworkerworse
erirur
[ә:
]
certainlybirdThursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如：
carrysorryhurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ә]音,例如：
dollarteachermartyrforgetSaturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读音
例词
are
[eә]
caredarehare
ere
[iә]
heremere
ire
[aiә]
firehirewire
ore
[ɔ:
]
morescorebefore
ure
[juә]
purecure
areereireore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如：
picturepleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.例如：
parentzerostoryduringinspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.例如：
orangeveryAmericanparagraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读音
例词
ai/ay
[ei]
afraidrainwaitdayplay
air
[eә]
airhairchairpairrepair
al在fm前
[ɔ:
]
smallballtalkwallall
[ɔ:
l]
alwaysalsosaltalmost
[α:
]
halfcalm
au/aw
[ɔ:
]
autumndaughterdraw
ea
[i:
]
teacheasycheapplease
[e]
heavybreadsweaterweather
[ei]
breakgreat
[iә]
Idearealtheatre
ear
[iә]
heardearnearclearyear
[eә]
bearpearwearswear
[ɜ:
]
earthlearnearly
ee
[i:
]
jeepweekgreenthree
eer
[iә]
pioneerdeerbeer
ei/ey
[ei]
eightneighbourthey
[i:
]
eitherkey
eu/ew在jlrs后
[ju:
]
newfewnewspaper
[u:
]
flewbrewjewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后
[i:
]
piecefieldreceive
oa
[ou]
coatJoanboatgoal
oar/oor
[ɔ:
]
roarboarddoorfloor
oi/oy
[ɔi]
noisepointboytoilet
oo
[u:
]
broomfoodtoothschool
[Ʊ]
booklookcookfootgood
ou/ow
[au]
flowerhousecountdown
[ou]
knowrowthrowthough
[∧]
youngcountryenough
[u:
]
groupyousoup
our
[ɔ:
]
courseyourfour
[auә]
ourhourours
[ә:
]
journey
ui在jlrs后
[ju:
i]
fluidsuicidetuition
[u:
]
juicefruitsuit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读音
例词
ai/ayei/ey
[i]
Sundayforeignmonkey
-cail–sian-tian
[ʃәl]
facialcontroversialspatial
-cian–sian-tian
[ʃәn]
MusicianRussianEgyptian
-cient-tient
[ʃәnt]
Efficientsentientpatient
-cious–scioustious
[ʃәs]
Deliciousconsciousinfectious
-cia-sia-tia
[ʃә]
JudiciaryAsiaRussiamilitia
-sion–tioncion
[ʃәn]
impressionnationsuspicion
-sion在元音字母后
[Ʒәn]
visiondecisionoccasion
-tion在s后
[tʃәn]
questionsuggestion
-sten
[sn]
listen
-stle
[sl]
whistle
-sure
[Ʒә]
pleasuremeasure
-ture
[tʃә]
pictureculture
元音字组在非重读音节中读[ә]音或.例如:
neighbourseriousfamousbiscuitcoffee
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.例如：
everyday[ei]handbag[æ]blackboard[C:
]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.例如：
sun太阳+day[ei]日子＞Sunday星期天holy神圣+day[ei]日子＞holiday假日break中断+fast[α:
]斋戒＞breakfast[ә]早餐cup茶杯+board木板[ɔ:
]＞cupboard[ә]碗柜
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组
读音
例词
b
[b]
bikebusbag
[/]
bombtomb
cc在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cakepicturecoatmusic
[s]
facedecidecinema
ch
[tʃ]
muchchickrichteacher
[k]
schoolheadachechemistry
[ʃ]
machine
-ck
[k]
cockpocketblackknock
d
[d]
doctorbreadhandday
-dge
[dƷ]
bridgefridge
dr-
[dr]
childrendriverdrink
f
[f]
fivefourbreakfast
gg在ei/y前
[^]
baggardengo
[dƷ]
orangelargeGerman
gh
[f]
coughenough
[/]
lightdaughterhigh
gu--gue在非重读音节中
[ge]
guessleaguedialogue
[ȵw]
languageanguish
h
[h]
hotheadhousehand
[/]
hourhonest
j
[dƷ]
jeepjarjokejoinJuly
k
[k]
kindbikeskatemakeweek
kn-
[n]
knifeknowknock
l
[l]
lifemilkschooltall
m
[m]
monkeycomeautumn
-mn
[m]
autumncolumnsolemn
n在[k][g]音前
[n]
notshinetennote
[ȵ]
unclethankhungry
-ng
[ȵ]
morningyoungwrong
p
[p]
paperplanepigshippen
ph
[f]
elephantphototelephone
q
[k]
Iraq
qu-
[kw]
qualityquite
r
[r]
redrubberruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sitsleepdesk
[z]
musichusband
sc-
[sk]
scarlet
[s]
musclescience
sh
[ʃ]
shefishshirtwash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母iaieio前
[t]
tenlettermeet
[tʃ]
patientnation
tch
[tʃ]
watch
th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the-ther中
[θ]
thinthirtymethod
[T]
thethesewiththanclothefatherweather
tr-
[tr]
treetraincountrytruck
v
[v]
veryvoiceloveleave
w
[w]
weekwinwakesweetwait
[/]
Answertwo
wh-在字母o前
[w]
whatwhenwhitewhy
[h]
whowhosewhole
x在重读元音前
[ks]
boxtextexercise
[gz]
exampleexistexact
wr-
[r]
write
y-
[j]
yesyardyellowyoung
z
[z]
puzzlezerozoo
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