高考语法全攻略之非谓语动词Word格式文档下载.docx
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状语
补语
todo一般式
是
tobedone被动
tohavedone完成不置于句首
较少
不太多
tohavebeendone不置于句首
doing
beingdone
havingdone
havingbeendone
Done过去分词
否
非谓语动词的完成式：
当非谓语动词先发生于谓语动词，常用完成式：
tohavedone/tohavebeendone/havingdone/havingbeendone
tohavedone/tohavebeendone多做补语一般多用于以下结构中且不置于句首：
besaid/reported/believed/consideredtohavedone/tohavebeendone
JanewassaidtohavegonetoAmerica.
LiLeiwasreportedtohavebeenadmittedintoakeyuniversity.
Youweresillynottohavelockedyourcar.
beingdone常与after连用做状语
非谓语动词的各种形式
主动和被动
时间上的含义
是以谓语动词为参照时间
在句中的意义
句中常见的位置
todo
主动
将来，
作目的状语时翻译成“为了”
一般不与主句隔开
tobedone
被动
将来
作目的状语时翻译成“为了“
tohavedone
完成,过去
一般不在句首
tohavebeendone
完成,过去
进行，伴随
“正在”或“结果”
做结果状语时表示“结果”
进行
“正在”或“结果”
完成
“在….之后“
常在句首
done
过去
主动，被动一般是指与主语的关系做状语定语常与主语保持一致作定语有时也是被修饰词保持一致做宾补常与宾语保持一致
六，在做非谓语动词题目的指导思想。
一语态二时间三意思四语序
七，各种非谓语动词形式在考题中的运用。
（一）动词不定式的各种形式及其使用
1，todosth和tobedone
不定式作状语表示目的
1.Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.
A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep
2.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner即将到来,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_____presentsformydad
AbuyB.tobuyCbuyingDtohavebought
4.SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,
____reduceunemploymentpressures.
A.help
B.tohavehelped
C.tohelp
D.havinghelped
5.Thechildrenallturned_____thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.
A.lookedat
B.tolookat
C.tolookingat
D.lookat
6.______theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.
A.Competing
B.HavingcompletedC.Tohavecompleted
D.Tocomplete
8.______,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.
ABeingawinnerBTobeawinner
CBeawinnerDHavingbeenawinner
9._________theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.
A.Completing
B.Complete
C.Completed
不定式做后置定语表示将来的动作
Thewayofdoingsth./todosth.
1.Theability_____anideaisasimportantastheideaitself
AexpressingBexpressedCtoexpressDtocover
2.Thatistheonlywaywecanimaginetheoveruseofwaterinstudents'
bathrooms.
A.reducingB.toreduceC.reduced
D.reduce
4.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.
A.completingB.tocomplete
C.completedD.beingcompleted
5.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew___withallbyourselveseveryday.
A.deal
B.dealt
C.todeal
D.dealing
6.Ifthere'
salotofwork______.I'
mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.
A.todo
B.tobedoing
C.done
D.doing
7.---Thelastone________paysthemeal.
---Agreed!
A.arrived
B.arrives
C.toarrive
D.arriving
不定式作状语表示结果（与前面的句子不构成因果关系）
Todo/tobedone做结果状语多于only搭配表示不好的结果
1.Hehurriedtothestationonly______thatthetrainhadleft.
A.tofind
B.finding
C.found
D.tohavefound
2.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_________thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.
A.totell
B.tobetold
C.telling
D.told
关于句式It＋is＋形容词＋（for/ofsb/sth）＋todosth的句型转换
Be+性质形容词+不定式，形容词修饰不定式时，主动表被动。
1．Inmanypeople’sopinion，thatcompany，thoughrelativelysmall，ispleasant．
A．todealwithB．dealingwithC．tobedealtwithDdealtwith
2.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.
A．findingB．tofindC．findD．tobefound
It’sastonishedofustodosth.
3.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood________.
A.tobebreathed
B.tobreathe
C.breathingD.beingbreathed
4.it’simportantforthefiguresregularly.
A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated
5.
Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeit形式宾语easierforit
________.
A.reusing
B.reused
C.reuses
D.tobereused
关于固定句式中不定式的使用
1.Ittookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness_______.
A.tomake
B.tobemade
C.making
D.beingmade
2.Itremains________whetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.
A.seen
B.tobeseen
C.seeing
D.tosee
Itremainstobeseenwhether…会怎样留待以后再说
2,tohavedonesth和tohavebeendone
22.AIDSissaid________thebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears.
A.thatitis
B.tobe
C.thatishasbeen
D.tohavebeen
25.Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto____sincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.
A.havebeenmissing
B.havegotlost
C.bemissing
D.getlost
20.----IsBobstillperforming?
----I’mafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial
A.tohaveleft
B.toleave
C.tohavebeenleft
D.tobeleft
6.Youweresillynot____yourcar.
A.tolock
B.tohavelocked
C.locking
D.havinglocked
19.Thefluisbelieved______byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.
A.causing
B.beingcaused
C.tobecaused
D.tohavecaused
（二）动词ing的各种形式及其在句中的使用
1,doingsth主动进行伴随
作状语相当于when或与when搭配
1.When______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.
A.compared
B.beingcompared
C.comparing
D.havingcompared
2._______inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.
A.Towalk.
B.Walking
C.Walked
D.Havingwalked
3.atmyclassmates'
faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.
A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked
4.thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.
A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached
51.Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade____intherestaurant.
A.working
B.work
C.towork
D.worked
作状语表示伴随
1．Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention，tomissanypoint．
A．nottryingB．tryingnotC．totrynotDnottotry
2Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,suppliestoYushuQinghaiprovinceaftertheearthquake.
A.sendingB.tosendC.havingsentD.tohavesent
3.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather,”saidBob,
______outofthewindow.
A.looking
B.tolook
C.looked
D.havinglooked
4.Doyouwakeupeverymorning__________energeticandreadyday?
AfeelBtofeelCfeelingDfelt
5.aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.
A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering
6.Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyoufeet.
A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept
7.hehadwonderfulchildhood,_____withhismothertoallcornersoftheword
A.travelB.totravelC.traveledD.traveling
8.Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,
aneyeoutforbargains.
A.keep
B.kept
C.keeping
D.tokeep
9.Don’tsitthere________nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.
A.do
B.todo
C.doing
D.anddoing
10.Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthebicycle______tobalanceit.
A.havingtried
B.trying
C.totry
D.tried
作定语多表示进行或主动doing常做后置定语修饰n.与修饰词是主动关系
1．Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse．
A．roseB．risingC．toriseD．risen
2.Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_____parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.
A.forced
B.forcing
C.tobeforced
D.havingforced
3．Recentlyasurvey_______pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.
A．comparedB．comparingC．comparesD．beingcompared
4.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand__lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.
A.beingweighedB.toweighC.weighedD.weighing（vi无被动同measurevi测量）
5.Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_____thedesert.
A.covering
B.covered
C.cover
D.tocover
6.Lookoverthere-there’saverylong,windingpath_____uptothehouse.
A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead
7.Therearehundredsofvisitors___infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings.
A.waited
B.towait
C.waiting
D.wait
doing做结果状语表示前因后果（不定式不表前因后果）
1.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,__itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.
A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade
2.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth.seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.
A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause
3.Thenewsshockedthepublic,___togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.
A.havingledB.ledCleadingD.tolead
4.InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,
_____the60th
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