中考阅读分类Word文件下载.docx

中考阅读分类Word文件下载.docx

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在英语中一个基本词根加上各种不同的词缀构成不同词性或不同意义的单词，叫派生词。

一般前缀改变意义，后缀改变词性。

前缀un-表反义词，如happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant等。

　后缀-ment表名词，如develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument等。

　后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词，如calculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer，wait、waiter，science、scientist，art、artist

妙招二：

利用文章上下文的内容推测词义。

文章的上下文构成了一个特定的语境，可把未学词语的含义局限到一个很小的范围内，为猜测词义提供了有利条件。

具体有以下四种方法：

1．同义法——利用释义推测单词含义的方法。

（1）用动词或短语be,mean,referto给出前面生词的含义。

Joyreferstoafeelingofgreathappiness.（喜悦）

Youknowwhatasidduris?

ItisaJewishbook.（犹太教祈祷书）

Lucyisadiligentandgoodstudent.Allherteacherslikeher.Diligent和反义词。

2．找出前后文的解释。

Thatisapassenger—apersonwhogetsonthebusorthetrain.passenger

3．注意举例的词语。

Wehavesomefurnitureinourhouse,forexample,abed,abookcase,atable…根据后面的例子我们就能猜出furniture就是“家具”的意思。

妙招三：

根据常识猜测生词。

有些生词我们可以根据我们所具备的生活常识和生活阅历来猜测。

如Let’sswimintheswimmingpool.我们游泳当然在“游泳池”里游泳了，所以pool是“池子”的意思。

学习语言离不开阅读，只有通过大量的阅读，我们对语言的感觉和把握才会不断地提高。

不要害怕犯错误，带着技巧大胆。

Sometimes,peoplearenotclearaboutwhatkindoffoodishealthy,andwhatkindoffoodmaydoharmtoourhealth.TheUSDAhaspreparedafoodguidetohelppeoplelearnaboutwhichkindoffoodisthehealthiesttoeat.Thefoodguidedescribessixmainfoodgroups:

meat（likefishandchicken）,dairy（likemilkandcheese）,grains（likebreadandrice）,fruit,andvegetables.Thelastgroupisfatsandsweets.TheUSDAalsosuggests（建议）howmuchofeachfoodgroupishealthytoeatdaily.ThoughthisguidewaspreparedbytheUSgovernment,itisveryusefulforpeopleallovertheworld.

58.WhatistheUSDAinthepassage?

A. 

AgroupofdoctorsintheUS. 

B.AnofficeoftheUSgovernment.

C. 

AreportondiseasesintheUS. 

D.AnordergivenbytheUSpresident.

ThereareplacesinNorthAmericawheregreatcitiesoncestood.Thereweregardensandtreesandgrass.Butnowtheseplacesarelikedeserts（沙漠）.Scientistsbegantostudythislandtofindoutwhathappened．Manyofthembelievethelanddiedwhenthetreeswerecutdown．

　Treeshelpotherplantsgrow.Treeroots（根）holdthesoil（土壤）inplace.Theykeepthewindfromblowingawaythesoil.Leavesonthegroundkeeprainwaterfromruiningoff.Treesnearfarmscanhelptostopstrongwinds．

　OncetherewerehundredsoffarmsinthesouthwestoftheUS.Thenthefarmsturnedintofieldsofdryland.Thiswasbecausefewtreesgrowtherenow．　

Nowwetrytosavetrees．Inmanyplaces,whenatreeiscutdown,anewtreeisplantedinitsplace．Wedonotwantthelandtodie．

27．Theunderlinedword"

its"

means__________．

A．theoldtree'

s 

B．thenewtree'

s

C．theplace'

D．theland'

s

　　Attwoo’clockabankrobber（盗贼）stolein.“Thisisaholdup,”themansaidrudely.Hetookagunfromunderhisjacket,pointingtoGeorge.“Handitover!

”Georgereachedintohismoney-boxandtookallthebillsfromthetoppart—closetosixthousanddollars.Therobbertookthemandturnedtoleave.

Thepine（松）treeisaspecialkindoftree.SomepeoplecallthepinetreeaChristmastree.ThisisbecausemanypeopleputpinetreesintheirhomesatChristmastime.

Pinetreesaredifferentfromothertreesbecausemostothertreeslosetheirleavesinthewinter.Pinetreesstaygreenallyearlong,eveninthewinter.Pinetreesarealsocalledevergreensbecausetheyarealwaysgreen.Pinetreesdonothavesoftleaveslikeothertrees.Theyhavehard,thinleaves.Pinetreesalsohavepinecones.Ifyouwalkinaforest,youwillseemanypineconesontheground.Insidethepineconesareseeds.Whentheseedsfalltotheground,anewtreestartstogrow.

Pinetreesareusefulformanyreasons.Thewoodisusedtomakemanythings,suchas　tables,bedsandboats.Manykindsofbirdsbuildtheirhomesinpinetrees.Theseedsofpinetreesarefoodforsomesmallandbiganimals.

Ifyouwalkinaforestofpinetrees,theairhasawonderfulsmell.Inwinter,thewhitesnowonthedarkgreentreeslooksverybeautiful.

51.Apinetreeisalsocalled_________.

A.aChristmastree　　B.ahardtree　

C.agreentree　　 

　D.abeautifultree

53.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“pinecones”mean?

A.松子　　　B.松果　　C.松针　　　D.松树

Takealookatthelabel（标签）onalmostanybottleofmilkandyoumayseethewordPASTEURIZED.Whatdoesthatmean?

Let’sfindoutbymeetingLouisPasteur.

LouisPasteurwasbornin1822inalittletowninFrance.Ashegrewup,helovedtopaint.Helovedtolookattheworldaroundhim.WhenhewenttocollegeinParis,heshowedinterestinlookingthroughamicroscope.Amicroscopemakesthingslookalotbigger;

itletsyouseethingsyoucan’tseejustwithyoureyes.Lookingthroughamicroscope,Pasteurfoundalivingworldinadropofwater.Hesawanddrewpicturesofthesmalllivingthings－hecalledthem“microbes”or“germs”－thatcrowdedinadropofwater.

Onedayawinemakercameintothelab,hopingthatsomeonecouldhelphimwithhisproblem.“Sometimesmywinetastesdelicious,butsometimesitturnssour（酸的），”hesaidtoPasteur.“Canyouhelpmefindoutwhy?

”

Pasteurputsomedropsofthewineunderthemicroscope.Henoticedthatthesourwinehadsomeunusualgerms.Ifhekilledthesegerms,maybehecouldkeepthewinefromturningsour.Heexperimented（试验）withdifferentwaystokillthegerms.Intheendhefoundheating（加热）thewineseemedtoworkbest.Thewinemakertriedit,andeverybottleofwinetastedgood.

Pasteur’sideaworkedforotherpeople,too.Whenfarmersheatedmilk,itdidn’tsoursoquickly.Whenbreweries（啤酒师）heatedbeer,ittastedbetter.Peoplecalledtheprocess（过程）“pasteurization”-heatingaliquidtokillbadgerms.Aren’tyougladthatthemilkyoudrinkhasbeenpasteurized?

58.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.WhatlifeLouisPasteurlived. 

B.Howtomakemilkclean.

C.Howpasteurizationwasinvented. 

D.Whattodowithwine.

59.Theunderlined（划线）wordsinthepassagemean_______.

A.smallpartswaterismadeupof 

B.dirtythingsaroundus

C.bodiesofsmalllivingthings 

D.livingthingsthatcan’tbeseen

A

Isittrueorfalse?

IsAtherightanswer,orC?

HowdoIsolvethisproblem?

WhatdoIwriteforthispassage?

Ah,I’mrunningoutoftime!

IfIfailthistest,myparentsaregoingtobeangry!

Didyouknowthatthesedays,studentsintheU.S.takemoreteststhaneverbefore?

Andifyougetanxiousbeforeandduringatest,rememberyou’renotalone!

Infact,evenstudentswhodowellonschoolworkcanhavetroubleintheexams.Ifyoupickupsomeusefultips,testswillbeeasier.

Kitty,11,toldus:

WhenIhaveatest,thebestthingtodoformeistostayatschoolandaskquestionstotheteachers.

Alyssa,12,said:

WhenIfeelnervousduringatest,Istopandtakeadeepbreath.Unbelievable,itusuallyhelps.

Lily,10:

Infact,Igetnervousonlyduringthetest.IusuallytellmyselfthatIcandoit.WhenIamstuckduringthetest,Itrytoforgetitanddotheotherswell.

Readandchoose.

1.Theunderlinedword“anxious”mean“______”inChinese.

A.兴奋的B.难忘的C.担忧的D.渴望的

2.Theunderlineword“unbelievable”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“____”.

A.YoubelieveitB.Youcan’tsaythat

C.YoufeelnervousD.Youcan’tbelieveit

3.Theunderlinedwords“amstuck”mean_______inEnglish?

A.feelnervousB.saysomethingtooneself

C.can’tsolvetheproblemD.haveatest

B

Howisyourstudy?

Areyougoodatyoursubjects?

Canyouworkoutanydifficultproblems?

Ifyouransweris“no”,whatdoyoudo?

Therearemanykindsofwaystohelpyou.

Youcangotoaskyourparentsforhelpifyouneedhelp. 

Theycanshowyouhowtosolveadifficult 

mathproblem.Parentscanalsocutdownondistractions,likenoisyyoungerbrothersandsisters!

Teachers 

cangiveyou 

studytipsand 

ideasabout 

howtodohomework.Helpingkidslearnistheirjob,sobesuretoaskforadvice!

Youcanalsotryahomeworkhelpline,whichyouwouldreachbyphone. 

Teachers,olderstudents,andotherexpertsinschoolsubjectscanhelpyou. 

YoucanalsofindhelpfromtheInternet. 

SomeWebsitescangiveyoualotofinformationandtipsonmany 

subjects.Butbecarefultonotjustcopyinformationfromit.Thisisawayofcheating.

Anotherwayisatutor. 

Thisisateacherwhoteachesonlyonestudentorasmallgroup.Butitusuallycoststoomuchmoney.

1.Theunderlinedword“distractions”mean“___________”inChinese.

A.分心的事B.兄弟姐妹

C.娱乐节目D.锻炼身体

2.Whatis“expert”inChineseinthepassage?

A.官员B.老师C.助理D.专家

3.Theunderlinedword“this”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“”.

A.findingsomeadviceofsubjects

B.copyinginformationfromanInternetwebsite

C.onlinestudying

D.alotofgoodinformation

4.Theword“tutor”means“_______”inChinese.

A.侦探B.助教C.大学导师D.家庭教师

　推测词语意义

Ifmusicmakesyousmarterandexercisehelpsyoutothink,surelyexercisingtomusiccanturnyouintoanintelligentperson…“Factssuggestthatexerciseshouldimprovethelearningabilityofpeople,”saidthepsychologistCharlesEmery,wholedthestudy.“Andlisteningtomusicisthoughttoenhanceunderstanding,”headded.

1.Theunderlinedwordenhancecanbereplacedby_______.

A.continueB.improve

C.allowD.produce

理解文章的基本结构

是否能够正确理解文章结构，在英语阅读理解中有着非常重要