专八改错历届真题及答案.docx
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专八改错历届真题及答案
PARTIVPROOFREADING&ERRORCORRECTION[15MIN]
ThepassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway:
Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.
Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha"^"signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.
Foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslash"/"andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.
EXAMPLE
When^artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,
(1)an
Itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs
(2)never
themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum
wantsanexhibitionitmustoftenbuildit.(3)exhibit
2013年
Psycholinguisticsisthenamegiventothestudyofthepsychological
processesinvolvedinlanguage.Psycholinguisticsstudyunderstanding,
productionandrememberinglanguage,andhenceareconcernedwith
(1)
listening,reading,speaking,writing,andthememoryforlanguage.
Onereasonwhywetakethelanguageforgrantedisthatitusually
(2)
happenssoeffortlessly,andmostoftime,soaccurately.(3)
Indeed,whenyoulistentosomeonespeaking,lookingatthispage,(4)
Younormallycannothelpbutunderstandit.Itisonlyinexceptional
circumstanceswemightbecomeawareofthecomplexity.(5)
involved:
ifwearesearchingforawordbutcannotrememberit;
ifarelativeorcolleaguehashadastrokewhichhasinfluenced(6)
theirlanguage;ifweobserveachildacquirelanguage;if(7)
wetrytolearnasecondlanguageourselvesasanadult;or
ifwearevisuallyimpairedorhearing-impairedorifwemeet
anyoneelsewhois.Asweshallsee,alltheseexamples(8)
ofwhatmightbecalled“languageinexceptionalcircumstance”
revealagreatdealabouttheprocessesevolvedinspeaking,(9)
listening,writingandreading.Butgiventhatlanguageprocesses
werenormallysoautomatic,wealsoneedtocarryoutcareful(10)
experimentstogetatwhatishappening.
2013参考答案:
1.production改producing
2.去掉the
3.of后加themostoftime意为时常mostofthetime绝大多数时间
4.looking
5.we前加that强调句
6.influenced改affected,influence强调人或物对某人的影响,affect强调因为某种作用对某人或某物产生的影响,本句中指中风这一动作行为对语言的影响
7.acquire改acquiringobservesb.Doingsth.
8.anyone改someone
9.evolved改involved
10.were改are
2012年
Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyorfreely.
Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst
(1)______
centuryB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywriters
favoredcertainkindof“free”translation:
thespirit,nottheletter;the
(2)_______
sensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternot(3)_______
themanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswho(4)_______
wantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnof19th(5)_______
century,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthat
thelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage(6)_______
wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossible(7)_______
gainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas(8)_______
literalaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementofthe(9)_______
extreme“literalists”WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.
Theargumentwastheoretical:
thepurposeofthetranslation,the
natureofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Too
often,writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwith
eachother.Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.(10)_____
2012参考答案:
1.going∧since-加入on题解:
goon的意思是“继续”,符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。
2.certain-改为acertain题解:
此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”,第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词。
3.rather-改为not题解:
根据原句的句子结构,rather应改为not。
4.is-改为was题解:
此句应该为过去时。
5.in-改为at题解:
attheturnof19thcentury“十九世纪之初”,是固定搭配。
6.the-删去第二个the题解:
这里并没有特指某种语言,所以不用定冠词。
7.view∧translation-加入that题解:
在view和translation之间加上that,可将“translationwasimpossible”看成view的同位语。
8.was-删去was题解:
条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。
9.culminated∧the-加入in题解:
culminatein是“以......告终”的意思,符合上下文含义。
10.and-改为but题解:
根据原句意思“现在背景变化了,但是基本问题依然存在”,两句话之间应该是转折关系。
2011年
Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,Iknew
thatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofaboutseventeen
(1)__________
andtwenty-fourItriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidsowiththeconscious
(2)___________
thatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthat soonorlaterIshouldhaveto (3)___________
settledownandwritebooks.
Iwasthemiddlechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyears
oneitherside,andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.For(4)__________
thisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondeveloped
disagreeingmannerismswhichmademeunpopularthroughoutmy (5)__________
schooldays.Ihadthelonelychild'shabitofmakingupstoriesand
holdingconversationswithimaginativepersons,andIthinkfrom (6)_________
theverystartmyliteralambitionsweremixedupwiththe (7)________
feelingofbeingisolatedandundervalued.IknewthatIhadafacility
withwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthat (8)________
thiscreatedasortofprivateworldwhichIcouldgetmyownback (9)________
formyfailureineverydaylife.Therefore,thevolumeofserious (10)________
—i.e.seriouslyintended—writingwhichIproducedallthrough
mychildhoodandboyhoodwouldnotamounttohalfadozenpages.
Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageoffourorfive,mymothertakingit
downtodictation.
2011参考答案:
1.在grow后加up,考固定短语
2.改conscience为consciousness 考词语区别,conscience翻译为“良心,道德心”,consciousness翻译为“意识”
3.改soon为sooner,soonerorlater是固定短语
4.在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。
作者是三个孩子句中的那位
5.改disagreeing为disagreeable,disagreeing只能作动名词,不能作形容词。
disagreeablemannerisms令人讨厌的习惯
6.改imaginative为imaginary,考词语区别 imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”,imaginary翻译为“想象的,虚构的”
7.改literal为literary,考词义区别,literal翻译为“字面的”,literary翻译为“文学方面的”
8.去掉face后的in,face接宾语时是及物动词。
考动词的基本用法。
9.在world后加in或者改which为where,考定语从句
10.改Therefore为However或者Nevertheless,考语境。
2010年
Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequally
completeandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:
thatis,
everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyother
(1)________________
tosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.
(2)________________
Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitive (3)________________
peoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,
notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsor
psychologyorthecultivationofriceortheengravingof
Benaresbrass.Whereasthisisnotthe faultoftheirlanguage. (4)_____________
TheEskimoscanspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermore(5)______________
precisionandsubtletythanwecanin English,butthisisnot
becausetheEskimolanguage(oneofthose
sometimesmiscalled'primitive')isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtle
thanEnglish.Thisexampledoesnotcometolightadefect (6)______________
inEnglish,ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.
ThepositionissimplyandobviouslythattheEskimos
andtheEnglishliveinsimilar environments. TheEnglish(7)____________
languagewillbejustasrichintermsforsimilarkindsofsnow, (8)____________
presumably,iftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabitually
usedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant. (9)_____________
Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguage
couldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotor
manufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartofthe(10)____________
Eskimos'life.
2010参考答案:
1.be后插入as; as…as引导的比较级
2.their改为its; its代替everylanguage
3.There改为It; It此处作为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式
4.Whereas改为But;语境需要表示转折的连词,whereas表示对比
5.further改为much further不能修饰比较级
6.come改为bring; (sth.)cometolight,bringsth.tolight(bringtolightthedefectofEnglish=bringthedefectofEnglishtolight揭示英语的缺陷)
7.similar改为different; 根据语境应该用different
8.will改为would; 虚拟语气
9.asimportant去掉as;
10.thepart去掉the或者改the为a be/become/form(a)partof是固定短语
2009年
Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepasses
fromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference
(1)___________
betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learnt
inearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthe littlelistener
(2)___________
hasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren. (3)____________
Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmitting
itmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.With theplayground (4)_____________
lore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassed onwithintheveryhour (5)___________
itislearnt;andinthegeneral,itpasses betweenchildrenofthe (6)_____________
sameage, ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinage
betweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplayground
rhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,or(7)__________
evenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatit hasbeenretransmittedover
andover;verypossiblyithaspassedalongachainoftwoorthree (8)___________
hundredyounghearersandtellers,andthewonderisthatitremainslive(9)____________
aftersomuchh