翻译内部审计的外包这是不是在提高内部审计的质量方面的解决方法.docx

翻译内部审计的外包这是不是在提高内部审计的质量方面的解决方法.docx

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翻译内部审计的外包这是不是在提高内部审计的质量方面的解决方法

外文文献翻译译文

一、外文原文

原文：

THEOUTSOURCINGOFINTERNALAUDIT–ITISASOLUTIONININCREASINGTHEQUALITYOFINTERNALAUDIT?

1.Introduction

Abstract.Thedynamismoftheeconomicalenvironmentwherecompaniesactivatesupposeforthemacontinuouslysearchofsolutionsforimprovingoverthecontrolofactivitiesdeveloped.Asolutionistoadopttheinternalauditfunction,andthisoffersanswerstothequestionswhichusuallythemanagerofthecompanyaskshimselfabouthowheorsheandhiscollaboratorscouldhaveagoodandefficientcontrolovertheactivitiesdeveloped.Forthepositiveresultsoftheimplementationoftheinternalauditfunctionisnecessarytobeanindependentfunction,withoutpressuresorotherinfluenceswhichcouldstoptheachievingthesettledobjectives.Wewilltrytofindinwhatmeasuretheoutsourcingoftheinternalauditfunctioncoulddeterminetheincreasingofthequalityoftheinternalaudit,underlingtheadvantagesanddisadvantageswhichcouldbegenerated,tryingtoissuefewrelevantconclusions.

Keywords:

internalaudit,outsourcing,,independence,internalauditors

Inpresent,weareconfrontedwithaveryquicklyevolutionandspectacularoftheinternalauditfunctionontheglobalplanandalsoinRomania,andthisfactisduetotheconsciencemoreandmoreofthecompanies’managementforthenecessityandtheimportanceoftheinternalauditinthecompanystructure.Inthisway,eventhemanagersofthesmallcompaniesbegintobeinterestedinadvantagesoftheinternalauditfunctions.Inspiteoftheadvantagesoftheinternalaudit,themanagersaskthemselves:

−Whichwouldbetheeffort（cost）supposedbythesettlingofthisfunctionofinternalaudit?

−Arejustifiedthesecostsrelativetothebenefitsobtainedaftertheimplementationoftheinternalauditfunctioninthecompany?

Thesettlingoftheinternalauditfunctioninthecompanysupposes,fromanadministrativepointofview,tohireainternalauditteamcoordinatedbyaresponsiblepersonforleadingtheteam,assuringthenecessaryconditionsforworking（place,equipments,etc.）andofcoursethesalaryforthehiredperson.Ontheotherside,wehavetoconsiderfewessentialaspectsinimplementationoftheinternalauditfunctioninorderthattheresultstobethebest.So,theinternalauditfunctionmustbecharacterizedbyindependenceandtobefreeofeverypressureorinfluencewhichcouldstoptheachievingthesettledobjectives.Theprofessionalinternalauditstandardsunderlinethedoubleimportanceoftheinternalauditindependence:

−Theindependenceofthedepartmentinsidethecompany,whichdeterminesthesituationoftheinternalauditatahigherlevel,simplesaiditissubordinatedonlytothetopmanagement

−Theindependenceoftheinternalauditorwillassuretheobjectivecharacteroftheactivitiesandtheresultsoftheinternalaudit.

Theindependenceoftheinternalauditorsissustainedforeliminatingthepracticalveryoftenfounded,andthatisthesupraconcentrateactivityoftheinternalauditorwithdifferentduties,whichdon’thavetobeintheareaofactivityoftheinternalauditor,like:

definingoftheproceduresandmethodsofwork,evaluatingandsupervisingtheemployeesofthecompany,administrativeactivities,effectivefinancialcontrolordifferentactivitiesofinspecting.Theresultofthesupraconcentrateactivityfortheinternalauditoristheloosingtheindependenceandtheobjectivityoftheinternalaudit.Itisobviouslythattheinternalauditorcan’tevaluateobjectiveaproceduredefinedbyhimself.

Theefficiencyandtherigorousworkoftheinternalauditoraredirectlydamagediftheindependenceandobjectivityareaffected,fromthisreasonsareassessedfewruleswhichmustberespected:

−Theinternalauditordonothaveanyoperationaldepartmentsubordinated;

−Possibilityasinternalauditortohaveaccessateverymomenttopersonsfromeveryhierarchicallevel,atassetsandinformation;

−Therecommendationsmadebytheinternalauditoraren’tcompulsoryformanagersofthecompany.

Organizingtheinternalauditfunctionandplacingitinthedirectsubordinationtothetopmanagementisnotenoughtoassuretheobjectivityofthisactivity.Foranobjectiveactivity,theinternalauditorhastoappreciateinaneutralmode,tobeimpartialandtobewithoutpreconceivedideas.Isobviouslythattheidealinobjectivityisveryharttoachieved,existingallthetimeamarginalriskaftertheinternalauditactivity,namedauditrisk.Theobjectivitymustbethescopewhatshouldbeachievedandeveryinternalauditorhastodoalltheeffortsfortouchingthisscope.Theindependenceandtheobjectivityaresometimescontestedbytheinternalauditorswhicharesubordinatedhierarchic.Tryingtoeliminatethiskindofproblems,thereweredevelopednewapproachingfortheinternalauditfunction,onglobalplanandalsoforthenationalplan.Thisapproachingwascenteredontheoutsourcingtotallyorpartiallyoftheinternalauditfunction.

So,wasdevelopedmorewaysofapproaching:

−Completeoutsourcingoftheinternalauditfunction,

−Partnershipswithcompaniesofauditwithrelevantexperienceintheinternalaudit（cosourcing）,

−Assuringthesupportforsettingoftheinternalauditfunction（setup）,andafterthiswillberealizedbyateamhiredinsidethecompany.

Ifwelookontheglobalplanoftheinternalauditactivitywecanseethatthissolutionofoutsourcingoftheinternalauditserviceshasalreadysomehistoryanditisgettingmoreandmorespace.

Anexampleinthiswayisastudyfrom1999,madebytwoBritishspecialists,throughthisstudytheyissuedtheassumptionthatthepotentialofoutsourcingoftheinternalauditactivitywillgrowinginthenextfewyearsachieving25%fromthetotaloftheinternalauditservicesoftheauditcompanies.Anotherstudy389recentmadein2006withsubjects99companieslistedontheAustralianStockExchangeunderlinethatatleast45.5%ofthecompaniessurveyedhasoutsourcedtotallyorpartiallytheinternalauditfunction.Thesecompaniesassociatetheoutsourcingoftheinternalauditwithadecreasingthecosts,usingabetterconsultant,withtechnicalcompetenceincreasedwhichcharacterizetheexternalconsultant.

Anotherstudyregardingthetrendsintheinternalaudit390,realizedbytheoneofthebigauditcompanyfromBigFourgroup（Ernest&YoungRomania）,underlinesfewinterestingconclusions.

So,theyconcludethat62%fromthecompaniesusetheoutsourcingindifferentforms,appreciatingthattheoutsourcingoftheinternalauditisnotauniversalsolution,butbecauseoftherecenteconomicalcollapses,ahigherandhighernumberofAuditCommitteesclaimindependentrevisionsoftheinternalauditfunctionortheyuseco-sourcing（usingspecializedresourcesforcoveringkeyrisksforthefunction）.Thetrendistouseexternalconsultantsforassuringthesupportorfortheadviser.Also,thereareusedadvisorsforpunctualneeds,wheretheexperienceoftheinternalemployeeisnotenough（partnershipandco-sourcing）.Transferofknowledgetotheinternalauditor’steamofthecompanyisoneofthereasonsofthisapproaching.

Thesamestudyanalyzingthepossiblereasonswhicharethebasefortheoutsourcingoftheinternalauditfunction,andtheconclusionofthestudyisprincipalcauses:

−Itisassuredtheimmediatelyaccesstothebestpractices;

−Itissignificantimprovedthecostefficiency;

−Itisincreasedtheassuranceleveloftheriskswiththesameexpensesorwithlessexpenses;

−Itisassuredtheunlimitedaccesstospecialistsinthisdomain;

−Itisassuredtheaccesstotheinvestmentinthemethodology,humanresourcesandtechnology.

Theexpectationsofthemanager（whichisclientinthissituation）regardingthisoutsourcingoftheinternalauditfunctionisrepresentedby:

−Thegrowingoftheinternalauditcontributiontotouchingthestrategicallyobjectivesofthecompany;

−Theexternalconsultanthasrelevantexperienceintheinternalauditactivity;

−Specializedresources,adequatetotheexistentneeds;

−Flexibleapproaching,clientorientated;

−Instrumentsandtechniquesforperformingwork;

−Thebiggerbenefitsregardingfewercots.

Inthenextlines,wewillsynthesizeinatabletheprincipalsadvantagesanddisadvantageswhichare

impliedbytheoutsourcingoftheinternalaudit,becauseisabsolutelynecessaryintakingthedecisionofthetotalorpartialoutsourcingofthisfunction,toknowthepositiveandnegativeaspectswhichappearswhenisadoptedsuchasolution:

Theoutsourcingoftheinternalaudit（outsourcing）

Theadvantagesoftheoutsourcing

Thedisadvantagesoutsourcing

•Fromthepointofviewofthespecialization,usingtheoutsourcingcanfacilitatecreationoftheteamwithverygoodskillsintheauditeddomain,havinginthiswayassuredtheaccesstothebestpracticesinthedomainatahighcompetence;

•Theleveloftheobjectivitycanbehighercomparativewiththeobjectivityoftheinternalauditorshiredbythecompany,becausethey（externalconsultants）didn’tinteractonthelongtermwiththeemployeesofthecompany;

•Dependingbythenotorietiesandthespecialtyofthecontractedauditteam,theauditteamcouldhaveasignificantsupportfromthemanagementofthecompany;

•Eliminatingthecostsgeneratedbytherecruitingtheinternalauditorsandthetrainingneededfortheauditteam;

•Eliminatingthecostssupposedbytheinvestmentinthemethodologyandtechnology;

•Concerningofthemanagementforthebaseprocesses;

•Ahigherflexibilityinallocatingresources.

•Theexternalconsultantdidn’tknowasaninternalaudito