高考英语压轴题专题阅读理解的经典综合题及答案解析.docx

高考英语压轴题专题阅读理解的经典综合题及答案解析.docx

《高考英语压轴题专题阅读理解的经典综合题及答案解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语压轴题专题阅读理解的经典综合题及答案解析.docx（43页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

高考英语压轴题专题阅读理解的经典综合题及答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   "Whatkindofrubbishareyou?

"Thisquestionmightnormallycauseanger,butinShanghaiitwasbroughtaboutwearycomplaintsoverthepastfewmonths.OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstrictrubbish-sortingregulationsthatareexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Citizensmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurethatrulesareobeyedandtoexaminethenatureofone'srubbish.

   Violatorscouldbehitwithfinesofupto200yuan（$29）.Forrepeatviolators,thecitycanaddblackmarkstotheircreditrecords,makingitharderforthemtoobtainhankloansorevenbuytraintickets.

   Shanghaiauthoritiesarerespondingtoobviousenvironmentalproblem.Itproduces9milliontonsofgarbageayear.Butlikeothercitiesinchina,itlacksarecyclingsystem.Instead,ithasreliedonrubbishpickerstopickoutwhatevercanbereused.Thishaslimits.Aspeoplegetwealthier,fewerofthemwanttodosuchdirtywork.Thewaste,meanwhile,justkeepspilingup.Chinaproduces80billionpairsofone-offchopsticksayear.

   Manycitizensappeartosupporttheideaofrecyclingingeneralbutarefrustratedbythedetails.Rubbishmustbedividedaccordingtowhetheritisfood,recyclable,dryorhazardous（有害的）,thedistinctionsamongwhichcanbeconfusing,thoughthereareappstohelpworkitout.Somehavecomplainedabouttherulessurroundingfoodwaste.Theymustputitstraightintherequiredpublicbin,forcingthemtotearopenplasticbagsandtoss（投掷）itbyhand,Mostannoyingaretheshortperiodsforthrowingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,thismeansthatpeoplegoataroundthesametimeandcankeepaneyeonwhatisbeingthrownout;noonewantstolookbad.

（1）What'sthepurposeofParagraph1?

A. Tocomplainaboutrubbishdividing.

B. Toexplainthefourcategoriesofthewaste.

C. Tointroducetherulesonwastesorting.

D. Toshowthegoalofrubbish,sortingregulations.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Violators"inParagraph2referto?

A. Peoplewhodon'tpayfortraintickets.           

B. Peoplewhoarguewiththemonitors.

C. Peoplewhoobtainbankloans.                      

D. Peoplewhoareagainsttheregulations.

（3）Whatmakesthecitizensupsetmostabouttherules?

A. Complexdistinctionamongthefourcategoriesofrubbish.

B. Shortscheduledtimefortossingrubbish.

C. Beingobservedbymonitorswhenthrowingthegarbage.

D. Beingfinedwhenblamedduetoimproperbehavior.

（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. ARestartofWaste-sorting                              

B. ANewAgeofGarbageClassification

C. LearningtoClassifyRubbish                           

D. Rubbish-sortingBenefitstheWorld

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。

文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面临的处罚，这项政策出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此政策的看法和态度。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Citizensmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurethatrulesareobeyedandtoexaminethenatureofone'srubbish.”市民必须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。

他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。

可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。

故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Theycouldbehitwithfinesofupto200yuan（$29）.”他们将面临最高200元（29美元）的罚款。

可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Mostupsetaretheshortwindowsforthrowingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.”最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时，可知，扔垃圾的时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstricttrash-sortingregulationsthatareexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatekindsandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecomplianceandtoinquireintothenatureofone'srubbish.”7月1日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。

居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。

他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Book:

NoLookingBack

   Author:

ShivaniGupta

   Shivanihadthrownapartyoneeveningandawokethenextmorninginhospitalbecauseofacarcrash.IttookShivaniyearsofpain,struggleanddeterminationtoregaincontrolofherlifeandherbody.Thentragedystruckagain.Asthenewly-marriedShivanidrovetoManaliwithherfamily,atruckcrashedintohercar.Shivanirefusedtogivein-shewouldn'tletherinjurykeepherfromachievingherambitions.

   Book:

CourageBeyondCompare

   Author:

SanjaySharma

   The10sportspersonsinthebookarechampionsindiversefieldslikeathletics,swimming,andbadminton,whohavebroughtglorytothecountry.Theyovercametheirphysicallimitationstoreachthetopoftheirchosenfields.

   Book:

FacetoFace

   Author:

VedMehta

   Blindsincetheageoffour,theauthorledalonelychildhoodinIndiauntilhewasacceptedtotheArkansasSchoolfortheBlind,towhichheflewaloneat15.Americaandtheschoolchangedhislife,leadinghimtodegreesatOxfordandHarvardandafruitfulwritingcareer.

   Book:

ThisStarWon'sGoOut

   Author:

LoriandWayneEarl

   Diagnosedwithcancerat12,EstherEarlwasabrightandtalented,butverynormalteenager.Shelivedahope-filledandgenerouslife.Acheerful,positiveandencouragingdaughter,sisterandfriend,Estherdiedin2010,shortlyafterturning16,butnotbeforeinspiringthousandsthroughhergrowingonlinepresence.

（1）ThebookNoLookingBackmainlytalksabout________.

A. anunluckygirlwhoexperiencedtwocaraccidents

B. 10disabledathleteswhoarechampionsinsportsfield

C. asuccessfulauthorwhowasblindduringhischildhood

D. aninspiringteenagerwhodiedofcancer

（2）WhenreadingthebookwrittenbySanjaySharma,wewill______.

A.findtheauthorisasportslover

B.getinspiredbythesportspersons'spirits

C.beproudtobeasportsperson

D.findsportspersonsarefullofpower

（3）Inwhichbookdoestheauthortellofhimself?

A.FacetoFace

B.ThisStarWon'tGoOut

C.CourageBeyondCompare

D.NoLookingBack

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本书及其作者和书的简介。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据 Book:

NoLookingBack部分中的“Shivanihadthrownapartyoneeveningandawokethenextmorninginhospitalbecauseofacarcrash.”和第三句“Thentragedystruckagain.Asthenewly-marriedShivanidrovetoManaliwithherfamily,atruckcrashedintohercar.”一天晚上Shivani举行一个聚会，等她醒来时发现自己由于车祸住进了医院。

然后悲剧再次发生，当新婚的Shivani开车带家人去Manali时，一辆卡车和她的车相撞，可知，这本书主要讲述了经历两次车祸的不幸女孩Shivani的故事。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据Book:

CourageBeyondCompare部分中的“Theyovercametheirphysicallimitationstoreachthetopoftheirchosenfields.”这些运动员克服身体局限达到他们自己所选择领域的顶峰，可知，我们会从这些运动员不屈不挠的精神中获得鼓舞。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Book:

FacetoFace部分中的“Blindsincetheageoffour,theauthorledalonelychildhoodinIndiauntilhewasacceptedtotheArkansasSchoolfortheBlind,”作者自从四岁时失明，在印度他度过了孤独的童年，最终考取了Arkansas盲人学校，可知，在书中作者讲述自己的故事。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Needafallfix?

Tryonefromthesegreatplaces.

   ⒈MackinacIsland,Michigan

   Theonlywaytoreachthisfamedcar-freeislandisbyboatandferry,andoncevisitorsarrive,theyareattractedbythehistory,sceneryandfallcolors."It'sathrowbacktoyearspast,alittletown,andthere'sabigstateparkaswell,"Blackwellsays."You'reallowedtohaveboatsallaroundtheisland."

   ⒉TellicoLake,Tennessee

   Withnearly400milesofshoreline,thiswaterwayflowingoutoftheGreatSmokyMountainsislargelyunexploited,well-protectedinitsnaturalstate.Fallvisitorsfindarangeofcolorsreflectinginthecleanwaters,saysBlackwell,whovacationedintheareawithhisfamilyasachild."Thethickforesttherejustallowsyoutoseemoregreeneryandwildlife."

   ⒊DillonReservoir,Colorado

   WithanhourfromDenver,thislakeishometowhatclaimstobethenation'shighestsailingclub,atanaltitudeofmorethan9,000feet.MarinasinthetownsofDillonandFriscomakeiteasytogetoutonthewaterandtoseethebrightyellowsandgoldsoffallleaves."Peoplearesurprisedthatthere'sboatinginColorado,andyoucanseethemountainsjustbeforethesnowball,"Blackwellsays.

   ⒋LakeMonroe,Indiana

   Thestate'slargestlakeissurroundedbymorethan13,000acresofprotectedforestandthreerecreationareas,makingitanidealplacetoseefallcolors,particularlyfromoaksandthetulippoplar,thestatetree."It'sagem（宝石）insouthernIndiana,"saysBlackwell,whogrewupinthearea."Therearelotsofdifferentactivities:

canoeing,kayakingandfishing."

（1）WhatisspecialaboutMackinacIsland?

A. It'slikeamoderncity.                                      

B. Visitorscan'ttakeaboataroundit.

C. Visitorscanseevariouswildlifethere.            

D. Visitorscan'tgotherebycars.

（2）Whichissuitableforsomeonelookingforanundevelopedplaceforvacation?

A. MackinacIsland,Michigan.                             B. TellicoLake,Tennessee.

C. DillonReservoir,Colorado.                              

D. LakeMonroe,Indiana.

（3）Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?

A. Blackwelloncetravelledthere.                       

B. Theyareallfamoustouristdestinations.

C. Theyaresurroundedbythickforests.             D. Visitorscanenjoyfallcolorsthere.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个适合秋