英语一新题型大纲样题.docx
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英语一新题型大纲样题
英语一新题型大纲样题.
新题型大纲样题(考研英语一)
一、七(六)选五
Directions:
Inthefollowingtext,somesentences
havebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choose
themostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitinto
eachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwo
extrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthe
blanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWER
SHEET1.(10points)
LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,there
werefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsome
mammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimalswere
ancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarenow
extinct,thatis,theyhavenodescendantsalive
now.41)________Veryoccasionallytherocks
showimpressionofskin,sothat,apartfrom
color,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccurate
pictureofananimalthatdiedmillionsofyears
ago.Thekindofrockinwhichtheremainsare
foundtellsusmuchaboutthenatureofthe
originalland,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,
andevenofitsclimate.
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42)________.Nearlyallofthefossilsthatwe
knowwerepreservedinrocksformedbywater
action,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthat
livedinornearwater.Thusitfollowsthatthere
mustbemanykindsofmammals,birds,and
insectsofwhichweknownothing.
43)________Therewerealsocrab-like
creatures,whosebodieswerecoveredwitha
hornysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhad
twopairsoflegs,onepairforwalkingonthe
sandybottom,theotherforswimming.Thehead
wasakindofshieldwithapairofcompound
eyes,oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywere
usuallyaninchortwolongbutsomewere2feet.
44)________.Ofthese,theammonitesare
veryinterestingandimportant.Theyhavea
shellcomposedofmanychambers,each
representingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal.
Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanewchamber
andsealedoffthepreviousone.Thousandsof
thesecanbeseenintherocksontheDorset
Coast.
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45)________.
About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptiles
wasoverandmostofthegroupsdiedout.The
mammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantrace
theevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchas
theelephantandhorse.Manyofthelater
mammals,thoughnowextinct,wereknownto
primitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimincave
paintingsandonbonecarvings.
[A]Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherock
andmanydifferentkindsareknown.
[B]Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealabout
manyofthembecausetheirbonesandshells
havebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.From
themwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howthey
walked,thekindoffoodtheyate.
[C]Thefirstanimalswithtruebackboneswere
thefishes,firstknownintherocksof375million
yearsago.About300millionyearsagothe
amphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothon
landandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,
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sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthemlivedin
theswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,or
layer,formed.Theamphibiansgaverisetothe
reptilesandfornearly150millionyearsthese
weretheprincipalformsoflifeonland,inthe
sea,andintheair.
[D]Thebestindexfossilstendtobemarine
creatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyand
spreadoverlargeareasoftheworld.
[E]Theearliestanimalswhoseremainshave
beenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlived
inthesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,and
amongthesearethesea-lilies,relationsofthe
star-fishes,whichhadlongarmsandwere
attachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,orto
rocks.
[F]Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,or
shell,mayoftenbecarriedawaybystreamsinto
lakesortheseaaridtheregetcoveredupby
mud.Iftheanimallivedintheseaitsbody
wouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.
Moreandmoremudwouldfalluponituntilthe
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bonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.
[G]Manyfactorscaninfluencehowfossilsare
preservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganism
maybereplacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyan
acidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,or
simplyreducedtoamorestableform.
二、排序题
Directions:
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiven
inawrongorderforQuestions41-45,youare
requiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoa
coherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Eto
fillineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelast
paragraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.
MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10
points)
[A]Ijustdon'tknowhowtomotivatethemto
doabetterjob.We'reinabudgetcrunchandI
haveabsolutelynofinancialrewardsatmy
disposal.Infact,we'llprobablyhavetolaysome
peopleoffinthenearfuture.It'shardformeto
makethejobinterestingandchallenging
becauseitisn't—it'sboring,routinepaperwork,
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andthereisn'tmuchyoucandoaboutit.
[B]Finally,Ican'tsaytothemthattheir
promotionswillhingeontheexcellenceoftheir
paperwork.Firstofall,theyknowit'snottrue.
Iftheirperformanceisadequate,mostaremore
likelytogetpromotedjustbystayingonthe
forceacertainnumberofyearsthanforsome
specificoutstandingact.Second,theywere
trainedtodothejobtheydooutinthestreets,
nottofilloutforms.Allthroughtheircareeritis
thearrestsandinterventionsthatgetnoticed.
[C]I'vegotarealproblemwithmyofficers.
Theycomeontheforceasyoung,inexperienced
men,andwesendthemoutonthestreet,either
incarsoronabeat,Theyseemtolikethe
contacttheyhavewiththepublic,theaction
involvedincrimeprevention,andthe
apprehensionofcriminals.Theyalsolike
helpingpeopleoutatfires,'accidents,andother
emergencies.
[D]Somepeoplehavesuggestedanumberof
thingslikeusingconvictionrecordsasa
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performancecriterion.However,weknowthat's
notfair—toomanyotherthingsareinvolved.
Badpaperworkincreasesthechancethatyou
loseincourt,butgoodpaperworkdoesn't
necessarilymeanyou'llwin.Wetriedsettingup
teamcompetitionsbasedontheexcellenceofthe
reports,buttheguyscaughtontothatpretty
quickly.Noonewasgettinganytypeofreward
forwinningthecompetition,andtheyfigured
whyshouldtheylaborwhentherewasno
payoff.
[E]Theproblemoccurswhentheygetbackto
thestation.Theyhatetodothepaperwork,and
becausetheydislikeit,thejobisfrequentlyput
offordoneinadequately.Thislackofattention
hurtsuslateronwhenwegettocourt.Weneed
clear,factualreports.Theymustbehighly
detailedandunambiguous.Assoonasonepart
ofareportisshowntobeinadequateor
incorrect,therestofthereportissuspect.Poor
reportingprobablycausesustolosemorecases
thananyotherfactor.
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[F]SoIjustdon'tknowWhattodo.I'vebeen
gropinginthedarkinanumberofyears.AndI
hopethatthisseminarwillshedsomelighton
thisproblemofmineandhelpmeoutinmy
futurework.
[G]Alargemetropolitancitygovernmentwas
puttingonanumberofseminarsfor
administrators,managersand/orexecutivesof
variousdepartmentsthroughoutthecity.Atone
ofthesesessionsthetopictobediscussedwas
motivation—howwecangetpublicservants
motivatedtodoagoodjob.Thedifficultyofa
policecaptainbecamethecentralfocusofthe
discussion.
Order:
G—41—42—43—44—45—F
三、信息匹配题
Directions:
Youaregoingtoreadatextabout
thetipsonresumewriting,followedbyalistof
examples.Choosethebestexamplefromthelist
A-F
for
each
numbered
subheading
(41-45).Thereisoneextraexamplewhichyoudo
notneedtouse.Markyouranswerson
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ANSWERSHEETl.(10points)
Themainpurposeofaresumeistoconvincean
employertograntyouaninterview.Thereare
twokinds.Oneisthefamiliarombstonethat
listswhereyouwenttoschoolandwhereyou've
workedinchronologicalorder.Theotheris
whatIcallthe
unctionalresume—
descriptive,funtoread,uniquetoyouandmuch
morelikelytolandyouaninterview.
It'shandytohaveaombstoneforcertain
occasions.Butprospectiveemployersthrow
awaymostofthoseun-requestedtombstone
lists,preferringtointerviewthequickrather
thanthedead.
Whatfollowsaretipsonwritingafunctional
resumethatwillgetread—aresumethat
makesyoucomealiveandlookinterestingto
employers.
41.Putyourselffirst:
Inordertowritearesumeotherswillread
withenthusiasm,youhavetofeelimportant
aboutyourself.
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42.Sellwhatyoucando,notwhoyouare:
Practicetranslatingyourpersonalitytraits,
character,accomplishmentsandachievements
intoskillareas.Thereareatleastfivethousand
skillareasintheworldofwork.
Tootyourownhorn!
Manypeopleclutchwhenaskedtothink
abouttheirabilities.Somethinktheyhavenone
atall!
Buteveryonedoes,andoneofyoursmay
justbetheticketanemployerwouldbegladto
punch—ifonlyyoushowit.
43.Bespecific,beconcrete,andbebrief!
Rememberthatrevityisthebestpolicy.
44.Turnbadnewsintogood:
Everybodyhashaddisappointmentsinwork.
Ifyouhavetomentionyours,lookforthe
positiveside.
45.Neverapologize:
Ifyou'vereturningtotheworkforceafter
fifteenyearsasaparent,simplywriteashort
paragraph(summaryofbackground)inplaceof
achronologyofexperience.Don'tapologizefor
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workingatbeingamother;it'sthehardestjob
ofall.Ifyouhavenospecialtrainingorhigher
education,justdon'tmentioneducation.
Thesecretistothinkabouttheselfbeforeyou
startwritingaboutyourself.