大学英语四级图表类写作.ppt
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大学英语四级图表作文,图表作文,表作文,图作文,1.表作文（table）：
2.图作文可分为3种：
piechart:
饼图/圆形图barchart/graph:
直方图/柱形图/条形图linechart/graph/curvediagram:
曲线图,table,Bargraph,Piechart,Linegraph,Linegraph,谋篇方法,1.先描写数据变化2.再分析变化背后的原因3.最后是笔者的个人看法，预测未来的发展趋势或提出解决问题的方法。
如何写好图表作文,1.对比分析，寻找数据的变化规律举例（1991.6）ChangesinPeoplesDietDirections:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan100wordsonChangesinPeoplesDiet.Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinformationgiveninthetable.Writethreeparagraphsto:
table,1.Statethechangesinpeoplesdiet（饮食）inthepastfiveyears;2.givenpossiblereasonsforchanges.3.drawyourownconclusions.4.youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.,通过横向、纵向对比分析，不难发现grain的消费量逐年下降，5年间减少了4%，而milk的消费却逐年增加，meat的消费也逐年增加。
纵向看，milk和meat变化趋势相同，占总消费量的比例在增大，而grain的比例变化正相反，从而归纳出一个总的变化规律：
grain的消费量在减少，而milk和meat的消费量在增加。
Fromthetablewecanseethatduringthepastfiveyearstherehavebeengreatchangesinpeoplesdiet.Thegreatestchangeoccursingrainconsumption,whichhasdropped4%from49%in1986to45%in1990intotalfoodconsumption.（continue）,Thesecondgreatestchangeisinmilkconsumption,whichincreased3%from10%in1986to13%in1990,butontheotherhand,twotrendscanbeobservedintheconsumptionofmeatandfruitandvegetables.From1986to1989,meatconsumptionincreasedfrom17%to23%,whilethatoffruitandvegetablesdroppedfrom24%to20%.From1989to1990,meatconsumptiondroppedalittleto21%,whilethatoffruitandvegetablesincreasedalittleto21%.,Whathascausedthegreatchangesinpeoplesdiet?
Themainreason,Ithink,liesintheimprovementinpeoplesincomelevel.Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,peoplearebecomingricherandricher,whichenablesthemtopurchasemorenutritiousfoodsuchasmeatandmilk.Inthemeantime,grainconsumptioninpeoplesdietconsequentlydropped.,Sofromtheanalysis,wecandrawaconclusionthatoursocietyisprogressingandpeoplearelivingabettlerlifethaneverbefore.Wearenowabletopurchasemoredeliciousandnutritiousfood,resultinginanimprovementinourhealth.,e.g.2,20181614121086420,199019952000,2002.6StudentUseofComputersDirections:
Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:
StudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:
上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间：
1990年（2hours）,1995年（4hours）,2000（20hours）,请描述变化：
请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难和问题。
分析：
此柱形图表明，随着时间的推移，大学生越来越多地使用电脑。
Studentstendtousecomputersmoreandmorenowadays.Readingthischart,wecanfindthattheaveragenumberofhoursastudentspendsonthecomputerperweekhasincreasedsharply.In1990,itwaslessthan2hours;andin1995,itincreasedtoalmost4hours;whilein2000,thenumbersoaredto20hours.,Obviously,computersarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.First,computersfacilitateusinmoreaspectsoflife.Also,thefastdevelopmentoftheInternetenlargesourdemandsforusingcomputers.WecaneasilycontactwithfriendsinremoteplacesthroughtheInternet.Besides,thepricesofcomputersaregettinglowerandlower,whichenablesmorestudentstopurchasethem.,Alongwiththetimespentoncomputers,therearisesomeproblems.ThemostseriousoneisthatmanystudentsarespendingsomuchtimeplayingPCgamessothattheyignoretheirstudies.Itisurgenttoletthestudentsusecomputersinaproperway.,2.筛选数据，切忌一一列出！
挑选有说服力的数据，主要是首尾两端的数字或其增减值。
以表1为例：
Thepercentageofgrainconsumptiondecreasedgradually,from49%in1986to45%in1990.-简明扼要。
又如：
milk和meat的变化，都说明了同一观点：
人们的经济收入增加了，生活水平提高了，能够消费得起价格较高的肉奶食品。
这样，描述milk的变化后，就不必要重复meat的变化。
简单一句：
”Thesameisthecasewithmeat.”即可。
或者直接计算出增加值或减少值，如：
”Theamountofgraininpeoplesdiethasdecreasedby4%.However,theamountofmilkhasincreased3%andthatofmeathasincreased4%.,3.强调数据间的关系，突出变化发现数据的变化规律，引用了典型数据，还须进一步强调突出这种变化，使论证更为有力。
以“studentUseofComputers”为例，有学生写到：
Butin2000,studentsspendnearly20hoursperweekonthecomputer.Thisnumberwastentimesthatof1990andfivetimesthatof1995.利用倍数强调突出，给评卷老师留下深刻印象。
4.使用主题句通常第一段的topicsentence说明发生了某种变化。
例如：
Greatchangeshavebeentakingplacein（e.g.peoplesdiet,studentuseofcomputers）from1995to2000.Inrecentyears,thetimestudentsusingcomputershasincreasedgreatly.,第二段topicsentence:
分析变化原因Therearemanyfactorsthathavestimulatedthishugechange.Suchchangesaremainlycausedbytworeasons.第三段总结Inshort,withtheimprovementofpeopleslivingstandards,changesintheirdietwillbegreaterandmoreobvious.Thereissuretobealotofprobleminstudentuseofcomputer,however,2012.12writing,EducationPaysNumerousindividualsarequestioningtheworthofhighereducationasthejobmarketisdepressed,yetthechartofWeeklyearningsin2010revealsaforcefulcounter-evidencethattheincomeisindirectproportiontooneseducationalbackground.Thosewithadoctoraldegreeearnnearly3.5timesasmuchasthosewithlessthanahighschooldiploma.,Asanincreasingnumberofgraduatesfinditdifficulttogetasatisfactoryjobafterstudyingformanyyears,ahotdebatearisesonwhethereducationpays.Supportersofhighereducationinsistthateducationisthetickettoasteadierandbetter-payingjobandthebasisofacomfortablelife.However,theopponentsassumethattheywouldnotstaketheirmoneyonsuchariskyinvestmentwhichdoesnotguaranteeapromisingcareer.,AsfarasIamconcerned,weshouldnotstopeatingforfearofchoking.Abettereducationinmostcases,notonlymeansabetterjob,ahighersalaryandalowerunemploymentrate,butapavingstonetotheintegratedimprovementofoneself.Inabroadsense,itiseducationthatcontributestothedevelopmentandadvancementofthewholenation,whichinturnbenefitseveryindividual.Inconclusion,educationisaworthyinvestment.,2、常用的描述用法Thetable/chart/diagram/graphshows/reveals（that）Accordingtothetable/chartdiagram/graphAs（is）showninthetable/chartdiagram/graphAscanbeseenfromthetable/chart/diagram/graph/figures，Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsWecanseefromthefigures/statisticsItisclear/apparentfromthefigures/statistics,3、图表中的数据具体表达法在某一个时间段固定不变：
fixedintime在一系列的时间段中转变：
changesovertime持续变化的data在不同情况下：
增加：
increase/raise/rise/goup减少：
decrease/growdown/drop/fall波动:
rebound/wave稳定：
remainstable,二、相关常用词组1、主章开头图表类型：
table、chart、diagramgraph、columnchart、piegraph描述：
show、describe、illustrate、canbeseenfrom、clear、apparent、reveal、represent内容：
figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion,2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的,steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的,3、其它在描述中的常用到的词significantchanges图中一些较大变化noticeabletrend明显趋势duringthesameperiod在同一时期unequally不相等地inthecaseof在的情况下intermsof/inrespectof/regarding在方面incontrast相反，大不相同,Fromthegraph,wecanseethatthenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncityfluctuatedduringtheyearof2007.Thefirsttwomonthsof2007showedanincreasingtrend.Therateroseto32inMarchbutfellto26inJune.FromJuneon,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.AfterAugusttheratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeventuallydroppedtothelowestpoint16attheendoftheyear.Therefore,itsobviousthatcaraccidentinWaltoncitydeclinedin2007.,Thereareseveralreasonsforthedecline.First,anewtrafficlawwasmadeandcameintoforce.Itprovidedthatinsummereverycarmustbeair-conditioned.Asaresult,thehighestrateinAugust,whenhumidityandhightemperaturemakedriversimpatientandeasilyleadtocaraccidents,droppedsteadily.Second,newroadswerebuiltandsomenarrowstreetswerewidened,whichquickenedtheflowoftraffic.Finally,thecityadministrationmadegreateffortstoheightenpeoplesawarenessofobservingtrafficrules.,Withallthesenewmeasures,ImsuretherateofcaraccidentsinWaltoncitywillgoonfallingthisyear.,主题句/概述表格反映的内容（5）反映交通事故的变化情况（6）小结：
总结表格数据反映的总趋势主题句原因/措施一解释措施一/次要辅助采取措施一后的结果原因/措施二原因/措施三总结：
展望未来的情况,
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