高考英语真题及答案详解新课标全国卷Ⅰ河南河北山西等地适用Word格式.docx
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5考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；
每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：
Howmuchistheshirt?
A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?
A.Findaplace.B.Buyamap.C.Getanaddress.
2.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?
A.Repairhercar.
B.Giveheraride.
C.Pickupheraunt.
3.WhomightMr.Petersonbe?
A.Anewprofessor.
B.Adepartmenthead.
C.Acompanydirector.
4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?
A.Quitedifficult..
B.Veryinteresting.
C.Toosimple.
5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.Weather.
B.Clothes.
C.News.
第二节（共15小题；
每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；
听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.WhyisHarryunwillingtojointhewoman?
A.Hehasapaininhisknee
B.HewantstowatchTV.
C.Heistoolazy.
7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?
A.Stayathome.
B.TakeHarrytohospital.
C.Dosomeexercise.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Whenwillthemanbehomefromwork?
A.At5:
45.B.At6:
15.C.At6:
50.
9.Wherewillthespeakersgo?
'
A.TheGreenHouseCinema.
B.TheNewStateCinema.
C.TheUMECinema.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.HowwillthespeakergotoNewYork?
A.Byair.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.
11.Whyarethespeakersmakingthetrip?
A.Forbusiness.B.Forshopping.C.Forholiday.
12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Driverandpassenger
B.Husbandandwife.
C.Fellowworkers.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?
A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaclassroom.
14.WhatdoesJohndonow?
A.He’satrainer.
B.He’satourguide.
C.He’sacollegestudent.
15.Howmuchcananewpersonearnforthefirstyear?
A.$10,500.B.$12,000.C.$15,000.
16.Howmanypeoplewillthewomanhire?
A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Howlonghasthespeakerlivedinabigcity?
A.Oneyear.B.Tenyears.C.Eighteenyears.
18.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononpublictransport?
A.It’scomfortable.B.It’stime-saving.C.It’scheap.
19.Whatisgoodaboutlivinginasmalltown?
A.It’ssafer.B.It’shealthier.C.It’smoreconvenient.
20.Whatkindoflifedoesthespeakerseemtolikemost?
A.BusyB.ColorfulC.Quiet
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节（共15小题;
每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TheCambridgeScienceFestivalCuriosityChallenge
DaretoTaketheCuriosityChallenge!
TheCambridgeScienceFestival（CSF）ispleasedtoinformyouofthesixthannualCuriosityChallenge.Thechallengeinvites,evendares21schoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.
Studentsarebeingdaredtodrawapicture,writeanarticle,takeaphotoorwriteapoemthatshowswhattheyarecuriousabout.Toenterthechallenge,allartworkorpiecesofwritingshouldbesenttotheCambridgeScienceFestival,MITMuseum,265MassAvenue.
StudentswhoentertheCuriosityChallengeandareselectedaswinnerswillbehonoredataspecialceremonyduringtheCSFonSunday,22April21st.Guestspeakerswillalsopresentprizestothestudents.Winningentrieswillbepublishedinabook.Studententrieswillexhibitedandprizeswillbegiven.Familiesofthosewhotakepartwillbeincludedincelebrationandbrunchwillbeserved.
BetweenMarch10thandMarch15h,eachwinnerwillbegiventhespecificsoftheclosingceremonyandtheCuriosityChallengecelebration.Theprogramguidelinesandotherrelatedinformationareavailableat:
http:
//cambridgesciencefestival.org.
21.WhocantakepartintheCuriosityChallenge?
A.Schoolstudents.B.Cambridgelocals.
C.CSFwinners.D.MITartists.
22.Whenwilltheprize-givingceremonybeheld?
A.OnFebruary8th.B.OnMarch10th.
C.OnMarch15thD.OnApril21st.
23.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?
A.Anexhibitionguide.参展手册B.Anartshowreview.艺术评论
C.Anannouncement.通告D.Anofficialreport.官方报道
B
Passengerpigeons（旅鸽）onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks（群）solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.
Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,theyweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,24makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles（about515kilometers）longwasseennearCincinnati.
25Sadlytheabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.
Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lasting
supplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemto
smallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrew
largenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolarge
citiesand26soldinrestaurants.
Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswhere
passengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmerican’sneedforwood,which
scattered（驱散）theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecold
temperaturesandstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflockswere
gone,nevertobeseenagain.
In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibiting禁止thekillingof
passengerpigeonsbut27bythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10
years.Thelastconfirmed可确认的wildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbya
boyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhuman
care.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionately深情地asMartha,diedattheCincinnati
ZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.
24.Inthe18thandearly19tehcenturies,passengerpigeons____.
A.werethebiggestbirdintheworld.
B.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica.
C.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironment.
D.werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS.
25.Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons’____.
A.escape逃脱B.ruin毁灭C.liberation解放D.evolution进化
26.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?
A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.
C.Tomakemoney.D.Toprotectcrops.
27.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?
A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.
C.Itwasunfair.D.Itwasstrict.
C
Atypicalliontamer（驯兽师）inpeople’smindisanentertainerholdingawhip（鞭）atachair.Thewhipgetsalloftheattention,butit’smostlyforshow.Inreality,it’sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion’sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.
Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?
Howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachieve（e.g.loseweight.,startabusiness,travelmore）—onlytoendup以...而告终29confusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress取得进步?
Thisupsetsmetonoendbecause30whilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest,thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecan’tfocusorthatwe’refocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makelessprogress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.
Itdoesn’thavetobethatway.Anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyourface,rememberthis:
Allyouneedtodois31focusononething.Youjustneedtogetstarted.Startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyouwanttobecome…takeimmediateaction.Ifyou’reclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetoutoftheway.
28.Whydoestheliontameruseachair?
A.Totrickthelion.迷惑狮子B.Toshowoffhisskills.炫耀技能
C.Togetreadyforafight.准备战斗D.Toentertaintheaudience.取悦观众
29.Inwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingachair?
A.Theyfeelpuzzledoverchoices.
B.Theyholdontothewrongthings.
C.Theyfindithardtomakechanges.
D.Theyhavetodosomethingforshow
30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpertmentionedinParagraph3?
A.Tolerant宽容的B.doubtful怀疑的C.respectful恭敬的D.supportive支持的
31.Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface”,you’readvisedto_____
A.waitforabetterchance
B.breakyouroldhabits
C.makeaquickdecision
D.askforclearguidance
D.
AsmoreandmorepeoplespeakthegloballanguagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000-7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieout灭绝bythenextcentury,accordingtothe
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