研究生英语听力答案.docx

研究生英语听力答案.docx

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研究生英语听力答案

研究生英语听力答案

【篇一：

2015年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析】

ass=txt>2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语

（一）试题

及答案详细解析

sectioniuseofenglish:

directions:

readthefollowingtext.choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarka,b,cordontheanswersheet.（10points）

thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas―related‖asfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.thatis_

（1）_astudy,publishedfromtheuniversityofcaliforniaandyaleuniversityintheproceedingsofthenationalacademyofsciences,has__

（2）_.

thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted_（3）__1,932uniquesubjectswhich__（4）__pairsofuelatedfriendsanduelatedstrangers.thesamepeoplewereusedinboth_（5）_.

while1%mayseem_（6）_,itisnotsotoageneticist.asjamesfowler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatucsandiego,says,―mostpeopledonoteven_（7）_theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho_（8）_ourkin.‖

thestudy_（9）_foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.whythissimilarityexistsinsmellgenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow,_（10）_,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore_（11）_it.therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingtogetherthat_（12）_usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends_（13）_‖functionalkinship‖ofbeingfriendswith_（14）_!

oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthesimilargenesseemtobeevolution_（15）_thanothergenesstudyingthiscouldhelp_（16）_whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor_（17）_factor.

thefindingsdonotsimplyexplainpeople‘s_（18）_tobefriendthoseofsimilar_（19）_backgrounds,saytheresearchers.thoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofeuropeanextraction,carewastakento_（20）_thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangers,weretakenfromthesamepopulation.

1.[a]when[b]why[c]how[d]what

2.[a]defended[b]concluded[c]withdrawn[d]advised

3.[a]for[b]with[c]on[d]by

4.[a]compared[b]sought[c]separated[d]connected

5.[a]tests[b]objects[c]samples[d]examples

6.[a]insignificant[b]unexpected[c]unbelievable[d]incredible

7.[a]visit[b]miss[c]seek[d]know

8.[a]resemble[b]influence[c]favor[d]surpass

9.[a]again[b]also[c]instead[d]thus

10.[a]meanwhile[b]furthermore[c]likewise[d]perhaps

11.[a]about[b]to[c]from[d]like

12.[a]drive[b]observe[c]confuse[d]limit13.[a]accordingto[b]ratherthan[c]regardlessof[d]alongwith14.[a]chances[b]responses[c]missions[d]benefits15.[a]later[b]slower[c]faster[d]earlier16.[a]forecast[b]remember[c]understand[d]express17.[a]unpredictable[b]contributory[c]controllable[d]disruptive18.[a]endeavor[b]decision[c]arrangement[d]tendency19.[a]political[b]religious[c]ethnic[d]economic

20.[a]see[b]show[c]prove[d]tell

sectioniireadingcomprehension

parta

directions:

readthefollowingfourtexts.answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosinga,b,

cord.markyouranswersonanswersheet.（40points）

text1

kingjuancarlosofspainonceinsisted―kingsdon‘tabdicate,theydareintheirsleep.‖butembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecenteuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.so,doesthespanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?

doesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforalleuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyle?

thespanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarised,asitwasfollowingtheendofthefrancoregime,monarchscanriseabove―mere‖politicsand―embody‖aspiritofnationalunity.

itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs‘continuingpopularitypolarized.andalso,themiddleeastexcepted,europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms（notcountingvaticancityandandorra）.butunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsinthegulfandasia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.

evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday–embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.atatimewhenthomaspikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.

themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses（orhelicopters）.evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.

whileeurope‘smonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,itisthebritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromthespanishexample.

itisonlythequeenwhohaspreservedthemonarchy‘sreputationwithherrather

ordinary（ifwell-heeled）grannystyle.thedangerwillcomewithcharles,whohasbothanexpensivetasteoflifestyleandaprettyhierarchicalviewoftheworld.hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausetheyprovideaservice–asnon-controversialandnon-politicalheadsofstate.charlesoughttoknowthatasenglishhistoryshows,itiskings,notrepublicans,whoarethemonarchy‘sworstenemies.

21.accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,kingjuancarlosofspain

[a]usedturnenjoyhighpublicsupport

[b]wasunpopularamongeuropeanroyals

[c]casedhisrelationshipwithhisrivals

[d]endedhisreigninembarrassment

22.monarchsarekeptasheadsofstateineuropemostly

[a]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus

[b]toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality

[c]togivevotermorepublicfigurestolookupto

[d]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment

23.whichofthefollowingisshowntobeodd,accordingtoparagraph4?

[a]aristocrats‘excessiverelianceoninheritedwealth

[b]theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies

[c]thesimplelifestyleofthearistocraticfamilies

[d]thenobility‘sadherencetotheirprivileges

24.thebritishroyals―havemosttofear‖becausecharles

[a]takesaroughlineonpoliticalissues

[b]failstochangehislifestyleasadvised

[c]takesrepublicansashispotentialallies

[d]failstoadapthimselftohisfuturerole

25.whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

[a]carlos,gloryanddisgracecombined

[b]charles,anxioustosucceedtothethrone

[c]carlos,alessonforalleuropeanmonarchs

[d]charles,slowtoreacttothecomingthreats

text2

justhowmuchdoestheconstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?

thesupremecourtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.

californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingrulingparticularlyonethatupsetstheoldassumptionthatauthoritiesmaysearchthroughthepossessionsofsuspectsatthetimeoftheirarrest.itishard,thestateargues,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.

thecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedcalifornia‘sadvice.enoughoftheimplicationsarediscernable,evenobvious,sothatthejusticescanandshouldprovideupdatedguidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.

theyshouldstartbydiscardingcalifornia‘slameargumentthatexploringthecontents

ofasmartphone—avaststorehouseofdigitalinformation—issimilarto,say,riflingthroughasuspect‘spurse.thecourthasruledthatpolicedon‘tviolatethefourthamendmentwhentheysiftthroughthewalletorpocketbookofanarresteewithoutawarrant.butexploringone‘ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee‘sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistoryandcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.thedevelopmentof―cloudcomputing,‖meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchtheeasier.

americansshouldtakestepstoprotecttheirdigitalprivacy.butkeepingsensitiveinformationonthesedevicesisincreasinglyarequirementofnormallife.citizensstillhavearighttoexpectprivatedocumentstoremainprivateandprotectedbytheconstitution‘sprohibitiononueasonablesearches.

assooftenisthecase,statingthatprincipledoesn‘teasethechallengeofline-drawing.inmanycases,itwouldnotbeoverlyonerousforauthoritiestoobtainawarranttosearchthroughphonecontents.theycouldstillinvalidatefourthamendmentprotectionswhenfacingsevere,urgentcircumstances,andtheycouldtakereasonablemeasurestoensurethatphonedataarenoterasedoralteredwhileawarrantispending.thecourt,though,maywanttoallowroomforpolicetocitesituationswheretheyareentitledtomorefreedom.

butthejusticesshouldnotswallowcalifornia‘sargumentwhole.new,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheconstitution‘sprotections.orinkerr,alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasavirtualnecessityoflifeinthe20th:

thejusticeshadtospecifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepassengercarthen;theymustsortouthowthefourthamendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.

26.thesupremecourtwillw