国际经济法上课资料Word文档格式.docx

国际经济法上课资料Word文档格式.docx

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internationaltechniquestrade

internationalservicetrade

internationaldirectinvestment

internationalfinancing

internationaltaxation

subject

Personneltopersonnel（exchangerelation）

Governmenttopersonnel（administration）

Govtogov,orgtoorg（coordinating）

（i）Content:

internationalgoodstrade,internationaltechniquestrade,internationalservicetrade,internationaldirectinvestment,internationalfinancing,internationaltaxation

（ii）Subject:

participantsincludenaturalpersons,legalperson,othereconomicinstitution,nation,internationalorganization（governmental,non-government）

2.HistoryofIEL

ThehistoryofIEListhehistoryofinternationaleconomy

2.1AncientRoman:

juscivileestquodsibipopulusconstituit

Thethecivillawiswhatapeopleestablishedforitself.

Jusgentiumlawofthenations,whichregulatetherelationbetweenancientRomanandforeignnations.

2.2MiddleAges:

inthewestEurope,citiesalongsidetheMediterraneanSea,LawMerchantcameintobeing,thenspreadtoSpain,France,England,Germany.

OneoutstandingcharacteristicsisunderLawMerchant,thelawisapplicabletransnationalandthejudgeswerechosenbythemerchantsthemselves.

2.3in17thcentury,nationsinwestEuropeenactedcivilcode,commercialcode,e.g.CodeCivil.,inEngland,LawMerchantwasabsorbedincommonlawthroughthecasesdecidedbytheKing’scourt.

Somecommercialtreatieshavebeenconcludedamongnations,whichinvolvedtarifflevy,portproduction,foreignertreatment,IPprotection（1883ParisConventionforInternationalProtectionofIndustrialProperty,1886BernConvention）

Insummery,before19thcentury,IEIwasattheinitialstage:

▪concentratingoninternationaltrade

▪theamountoflawsissmall

▪duringthetimeoffreecaptalism,thenationstooklaissez-fairepolicy,thedevelopmentofIEIfocusedontherulesbewteembusinessmenindifferentnations.

2.4inthelate19thcentury,newphenomenaappear:

2.4.1capitalexportfacilitatedtransnationalinvestment,internationalfinancingandtaxation;

2.4.2nationalinterferencetoeconomystrengthened;

2.4.3disputesamongnationsincreased,conflictbecametenser,tosolvetheproblem,asupernationalpowerwasresortedto.

2.5beforeWorldWarII,economiclaw（nationisempoweredintoeconomicaffairs）developedgreatly,e.g.ShermanAct1890,ClaytonAct1914,federaltradecommissionact

Asforinternationaltrade,theapplicationofcivilandcommerciallawisintheinterestofthenationsperse,whichwasoutofthetuneofinternationaltradedevelopment,inthefieldofinternationaltrade,theunifiedinternationallawconcernedtransportation,trade,bills,maritimeappeared.

2.6AfterWorldWarII,

Phenomenon1:

agreatnumberofinternationaleconomictreatiesandinternationaleconomicorganizationcamintobeing.e.g.IMF,WorldBank,GATT（BrettonWoodssystem）thethreepillarofeconomicsystem,whichsymbolizedtheworldenteredabrandnewera---regulatingnationaleconomicrelationwithmultilateraltreaties.

Phenomenon2:

newnationsobtainedindependence,strivingforneweconomicorderintheworld.sometreatieswithfar-reachinginfluenceeventotheworldtoday:

aseriesofUNResolutions:

1962"

DeclarationonPermanentSovereigntyoverNaturalResources"

1974CharterofEconomicRightsandDutiesofStates.

Phenomenon3:

theboomingoftransnationalcompany.Thenumberoftransnationalcompaniesreached60.000,whichinvolvedininvestment,trade,financing.Toregulatethebehaviorofthecompanies,nationsadoptedlawsconcerningFDI,foreignexchange,anti-trust,foreigntaxation.

CodeofConductforTransnationalCorporations

Phenomenon4:

regionalorganizationmushroomed.EC,ASEAN

Phenomenon5:

theestablishmentofWTO.

Theeconomicactivitieswentbeyondtraditionalsphereofinternationallaw.

3.StatusofIEL

3.1TwoTheoriesinAcademicArea:

3.1.1Branchofinternationallaw

Representative1:

SchwarzenbergerinEngland,Theprinciplesandstandardsofinternationaleconomiclaw,internationaleconomiclawisabranchofinternationallaw,whichismainlycomposedoflegalrulesconcernedwithgoodsmanufacturing,circulating,consuming,andthepositionofentitiesconcerned.Thecontentmainlycovers1.treatiesbetweennations;

2.lawswithregardtointernationaleconomicsystem,

Representative2:

Japanesescholar日本学者金泽良雄

Inhisopinion,therearetwolevelsofinternationalsocietyregulatedbytheinternationaleconomiclaw:

1.themembersarenations,includinginternationalorganizations,theapplicablelawisthetreatiesbetweennationsorinternationalorganization.2.naturalperson&

legal.Tothetransnationaleconomicexchanges,theapplicablelawisdomesticlaw,whichmayincorporatethetreatiesoragreementsconcerned.Internationaleconomiclawonlyreferstothelawinfirstlevel.Internationaleconomiclawispartofinternationallaw.

InChina,ProfessorWangtieya’sInternationalLawclassifiesinternationallawasanindependentchapter.

3.1.2IndependentLegalBranch

Thetheoreticalsourcecomesfromtheconceptof“transnationallaw”ofAmericanscholarJessup.

Inhisopinion,theoriginalfunctionofinternationallawistoregulatetherelationsamongnationsandgovernments,whilehandlingthetransnationalmatters,theterm“internationallaw”willbeconfusing,“transnationallaws”willbemoreappropriate.ProfessorSteiner,VagtsfromHarvardUniversityconcretizethetheory,breakingtherestrictionsamongdomesticlaw,internationallaw,publiclaw,privatelaw,substantiallaw,procedurallaw,takingtheobjectofsolvingthepracticaltransnationalprolems.

John.H.Jackson，inhisbooklawandpolicyofinternationaleconomyrelations,limitstheresearchoftransnationallawinthefieldofeconomy,forminganindependentlegalbranch.Inhisopinion,thegovernmentactivitiesconcerninginternationaleconomicexchangeinvolvemanylegalbranches,internationallaw,conflictlaw,constitutionlaw,administrativelaw,contractlaw,company,law,taxationlaw,anti-trustlaw,therearethreelevelsinit:

1.nationalprivatelawregulatinginternationalcommercialrelation,contractlaw,goodssaleslaw;

2.nationallawregulatingtheabove-mentionedcommercialactivities,tarifflaw,import,exportregulatinglaw;

3.internationallawandinternationaleconomicorganizationlawaffectingtheabovecommercialexchanges.

Inchina,mostscholarssupporttheopinion2---independentlegalbranch.

4ScopeofIEL

DefiningthescopeofIELshouldbaseontheinternationaleconomicrelationconcerned.

4.1Content:

internationalgoodssaleslaw,

internationaltechnologytradelaw,

internationalservicetradelaw,

internationaltraderegulatinglaw,

internationalinvestmentlaw,

internationalfinancinglaw,

internationaltaxationlaw,

internationaldisputessettlement.

4.2Nature:

4.2.1.internationalpubliclaw,regulatingtheinternationaleconomicrelation;

4.2.2.economicandadministrativelaw,regulatingtheeconomicrelationbetweennationandprivateperson;

4.2.3.civilandcommerciallaw,regulatingeconomicrelationbetweenpersons

Sointernationaleconomiclawspanslegaldepartments,thedifficultiesinresearchlieinhowtofindthelaw,regulationorrulewhichareapplicabletoaspecificlegalmatter.

5RelationshipsbetweenIEIandtheneighboringlegaldepartment

5.1IEIv.Internationalpubliclaw

Overlappingpart:

Thetwolawdepartmentbothcovertheeconomicrelationbetweennations.

Differences:

Internationaleconomiclaw

Internationalpubliclaw

Nation,governmentalorganization,privateperson

Nation,governmentalorganization

object

Internationaleconomicrelation,economicactivities,property,economicadministratingactivities

Transnationalrelation,includingbutnotlimitingpropertyoreconomicactivities

Thepositionofsubjectsisnotalwaysatthesamelevel

Thepositionofsubjectsisatthesamelevel

Legalsource

Includinginternationaltreaties,agreements,custom,domesticlaw

Internationaltreaties,agreement,conventions,coutom

5.2IEIv.internationalprivatelaw

Thoughthereinnoaunifieddefinitiontointernationalprivatelawintheworld,thebasislegalframeshouldincludethefollowingparts:

（i）conflictlaw;

（ii）

Internationalprivatelaw

Commonpoint

Bothmayregulateinternationaleconomicrelation

difference

Directingdefinitetheobligationandrightsoftheparties;

Includingadministrativeeconomiclaw

Firststepistofindtheapplicablelaw,thenapplytheapplicablelawtothedispute;

Allthelawregulatesrelationbetweenthepartiesatthesamelevel

6.sourcesofIEI

Whatlaw,regulationsorrulescanbeincludedininternationaleconomiclaw?

6.1internationaltreaty,whichisconcludedbetweennations,governmentsorgovernmentalorganizations.

a.definiteobligationsandrightsofcontractor

b.directlyregulatenations,indirectlyregulateprivateperson

6.2internationalpracticeorcustom

6.2.1internationalpublicpractice

6.2.2internationaltradeandcommercialcustom,e.g.INCONTERMS

u