管理学第九版 清华大学出版社课后习题第7章答案Word格式文档下载.docx

管理学第九版 清华大学出版社课后习题第7章答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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9.Researchindicatesthatnonplanningorganizationsalwaysoutperformplanningorganizations.

10.

HOWDOMANAGERSPLAN?

11.Goalsarethefoundationoforganizationalplanning.

12.

p.186）

13.Mostbusinesseshaveonlyoneobjective:

tomakeaprofit.

14.

15.Mostcompanies’goalscanbeclassifiedaseitherstrategicorfinancial.

16.

p.187）

17.Strategicgoalsarerelatedtothefinancialperformanceoftheorganization.

18.

19.Anorganization’srealgoalsareoftenquiteirrelevanttowhatactuallygoeson.

20.

p.189）

21.Operationalplansspecifythedetailsofhowtheachievementoftheoverallobjectivesistobeobtained.

22.

23.Longtermusedtomeananythingoverthreeyears,butnowitmeansanythingoveroneyear.

24.

25.Short-termplansarethosecoveringoneyearorless.

26.

27.Directionalplanshaveclearlydefinedobjectives.

28.

p.190）

ESTABLISHINGGOALSANDDEVELOPINGPLANS

29.Anintegratednetworkofgoalsissometimescalledameans-endchain.

30.

p.192）

31.InMBO,ormanagementbyobjectives,goalsareoftenlesswell-defined,givingmanagersandemployeesmoreflexibilitytorespondtochangingconditions.

32.

33.InatypicalMBOprogram,successfulachievementofobjectivesisreinforcedbyperformance-basedrewards.

34.

p.193）

35.AnMBOprogramconsistsoffourelements:

loosegoals,participativedecisionmaking,anexplicittimeperiod,andperformancefeedback.

36.

difficult;

37.StudiesofactualMBOprogramsfindmixedresultsintermsofitseffectsonoverallemployeeperformanceandorganizationalproductivity.

38.

39.Intimesofdynamicenvironmentalchange,well-definedandpreciselydevelopedactionplansenhanceorganizationalperformance.

40.

41.Awell-designedgoalshouldbemeasurableandquantifiable.

42.

p.194）

43.Goalsthataretooeasytoaccomplisharenotmotivatingandneitheraregoalsthatarenotattainableevenwithexceptionaleffort.

44.

45.Thesecondstepingoalsettingistodeterminethegoalsindividuallyorwithinputfromothers.

46.

p.195）

47.Themorethecurrentplansaffectfuturecommitments,thelongerthetimeframeforwhichmanagersshouldplan.

48.

p.196）

CONTEMPORARYISSUESINPLANNING

49.Planningisawasteoftimeinavolatileenvironment.

50.

p.198）

51.Amajorargumentagainstformalplanscan’treplaceintuitionandcreativity.

52.

53.It’snotenoughformanagersjusttoplan.Theyhavetostartsettinggoals.

54.

p.199）

55.Intoday’sdynamicbusinessenvironment,successfulfirmsrecognizethatplanningisanongoingprocess,notatabletofrulescastinstone.

56.

p.200）

57.Managersmustbeabletofollowthroughwithplansevenifconditionschange.

58.

59.Effectiveplanningindynamicenvironmentsmeansflatteningtheorganizationalhierarchy.

60.

Multiple-ChoiceQuestions

Foreachofthefollowing,choosetheanswerthatmostcompletelyanswersthequestion.

WhatIsPlanning?

61.Planninginvolvesdefiningtheorganization’sgoals,establishinganoverallstrategyforachievingthosegoals,anddevelopingacomprehensivesetofplans_____________.

62.

a.astowhichshiftwillperformwhatworkfunctions

b.

c.todeterminewhichmanagerwillbeinchargeofwhichdepartment

d.

e.fororganizationalworkactivities

f.

g.toestablishthequalityandquantityofworktobeaccomplished

h.

（c;

63.Ininformalplanning,__________sharingofgoalswithothersintheorganization.

64.

a.everythingmaybewrittendown,butthereislittleorno

c.everythingiswrittendown,andthereis

e.nothingiswrittendown,andthereislittleorno

g.nothingiswrittendown;

thereforemanagementdoesalotof

65.Informalplanningis_________.

66.

a.performedatthelowestorganizationallevel

c.generalandlackscontinuity

e.developedininformalmeetingsataresort

g.specificandisdevelopedbythemiddlemanagersfortheirdepartment

（b;

67.Informalplanning,_________.

68.

a.specificgoalscoveringaperiodofyearsaredefined

c.specificgoalsaredevelopedandnotwritten

e.generalgoalsaredevelopedandnotwritten

g.generalgoalscoveringanunspecifiedperiodofyearsaredefined

（a;

69.Formalplanninginvolveswhichofthefollowingaspects?

70.

a.developinggeneralobjectives

c.planningforuptooneyear

e.writingobjectives

g.distributingtheplantoallmanagerialemployees

71.Theeffectofplanningonmanagersisthatitforcesthemto_______________.

72.

a.reacttochange

c.considertheimpactofchange

e.respondindiscriminately

g.developbureaucraticresponsemodels

73.Planningcan’teliminatechange.Managersplaninorderto___________.

74.

a.bepreparedforwhenchangesinmanagementatthetopoccurs

c.anticipatechangesanddevelopthemosteffectiveresponsetochanges

e.decidewhatneedstobedonewhenachangeinenvironmentshappen

g.havetheappropriatematerialsavailablewhenthedemandforthemcomesabout

75.Planninggivesdirection,reducestheimpactofchange,minimizeswasteandredundancy,and__________.

76.

a.establishestheworkloadsforeachofthedepartments

c.setsthebasisusedforpromotionofindividualswithintheorganization

e.eliminatesdepartmentsthatarenotneededwithintheplan

g.setsthestandardsusedincontrolling

（d;

77.Studiesofperformanceinorganizationsthatplanhavereached___________.

78.

a.somewhatnegativeconclusionsregardingthebenefitsofplanning

c.generallymixedconclusionsregardingthebenefitsofplanning

e.generallynegativeconclusionsregardingthebenefitsofplanning

g.generallypositiveconclusionsregardingthebenefitsofplanning

79.Thequalityoftheplanningprocessandtheappropriateimplementationoftheplansprobably___________.

80.

a.don’tcontributetohighperformancenearlyasmuchastheextentofplanning

c.contributemoretohighperformancethandoestheextentofplanning

e.contributelesstohighperformancethandoestheextentofplanning

g.shouldbestudiedmoretofactuallydeterminewhichcontributesthemost

81.Instudiesinwhichformalplanningdidnotleadtohigherperformance,____________.

82.

a.theexternalenvironmentoftenwastheculprit

c.management’sexecutionoftheplanswasmostoftenthereasonforfailure

e.employees’implementationoftheplanswastheprimaryreasonforfailure

g.lackofcommunicationwasmostoftenthereasonforfailure

83.Governmentalregulations,powerfullaborunions,andothercriticalenvironmentalforcesconstrainmanagers’optionsand__________theimpactofplanningonanorganization’sperformance.

84.

a.reduce

c.increase

e.neutralize

g.don’taffect

HowDoManagersPlan?

85.Planningisoftencalledtheprimarymanagementfunctionbecauseit____________.

86.

a.offerssomebasisforfuturedecisionmaking

c.createsthevisionfortheorganizationalmemberstoworktoward

e.establishesthebasisforalltheotherfunctions

g.setsthetonefortheorganizationalculture

87.Planninginvolvestwoimportantelements:

___________.

88.

a.goalsanddecisions

c.goalsandplans

e.plansanddecisions

g.goalsandactions

89.Goalsareobjectives,__________.

90.

a.andweusethetwotermsinterchangeably

c.butgoalsarelongterm,andobjectivesareshortterm

e.butgoalsareusedbytopmanagement,andobjectivesareusedbyfirst-levelmanagement

g.butgoalsareusedinreferencetoprofits,andobjectivesareusedinreferencetoproductionoutput

91.Plansaredocumentsthatoutlinehowgoalsaregoingtobemetand___________.

92.

a.definewhichdepartmenthaswhatresponsibilitiesneededtoaccomplishthegoals

c.tellwhatmaterialsandprocessesarenecessarytofulfillthegoals

e.identifyhowmuchcapitalisrequiredtocompletethegoals

g.describeresourceallocations,schedules,andothernecessaryactionstoaccomplishthegoals

93.__________canevaluate