英语六级模拟卷二附答案文档格式.docx

英语六级模拟卷二附答案文档格式.docx

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　　Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Perhapsallcriminalsshouldberequiredtocarrycardswhichread:

“Fragile:

handlewithcare.”Itwillneverdo,thesesdays,togoaroundreferringtocriminalasviolentthugs.Youmustrefertothempolitelyas“socialmisfits”（不能适应社会的人）.Theprofessionalkillerwhowouldn’tthinktwiceaboutusinghiscluborknifetobattersomeharmlessoldladytodeathinordertorobherofhermeagerlifesavingsmustneverbegivenadoseofhisownmedicine.Heisinneedof“hospitaltreatment”.Accordingtohismisguideddefenders,societyistoblame.Awickedsocietybreedsevilorsotheargumentgoes.Whenyoulistentothiskindoftalk,itmakesyouwonderwhywearen’tallcriminals.Wehavedoneawaywiththeabsurdlyharshlawsofthenineteenthcenturyandthisisonlyright.Butsurelyenoughisenough.ThemostsenselesspieceofcriminallegislationinBritainandanumberofothercountrieshasbeenthesuspensionofcapitalpunishment.

　　Theviolentcriminalhasbecomeakindofhero-figureinourtime.Heisglorifiedonthescreen;

heispursuedbythepressandpaidvastsumofmoneyforhis“memories”.Newspaperswhichspecializeincrimereportingenjoyenormouscirculationsandthepublishersoftrashycopsandrobbersstoriesor“murdermysteries”haveneverhaditsogood.Whenyoureadabouttheachievementsofthegreattrainrobbers,itmakesyouwonderwhetheryouarereadingaboutsomegloriousresistancemovement.Thehardenedcriminaliscuddledandcossetedbythesociologistsontheonehandandadoredasaherobythemassesontheother.It’snowonderheisaprivilegedpersonwhoexpectsandreceivesVIPtreatmentwhereverhegoes.

　　Capitalpunishmentusedtobeamajordeterrent.Itmadetheviolentrobberthinktwicebeforepullingthetrigger.Itgavethecoldbloodedpoisonersomethingtoponderaboutwhilehewasshakinguporservinghisarseniccocktail.Itpreventedunarmedpolicemenfrombeingkilledwhilepursuingtheirdutybykillersarmedwithautomaticweapons.Aboveall,itprotectedthemostvulnerablemembersofsociety,youngchildren,frombrutalviolence.Itishorrifyingtothinkthatthecriminalcanliterallygetawaywithmurder.Weallknowthat“lifesentence”doesnotmeanwhatitsays.Aftertenyearsorsoofgoodconduct,themostdesperatevillainisfreetoreturntosocietywherehewillliveverycomfortably,thankyou,ontheproceedsofhiscrime,orhewillgooncommittingoffencesuntilheiscaughtagain.Peoplearealwayswillingtoholdliberalviewsattheexpenseofothers.It’salwaysfashionabletoposeasthedefenderoftheunder-dog,solongasyou,personally,remainunaffected.Didthedefendersofcrime,onewonders,intheirdesireforfairplay,consultthevictimsbeforetheysuspendedcapitalpunishment?

Hardly,yousee,theycouldn’t,becauseallthevictimsweredead.

　　21.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistheauthor’sopinion?

　　A）Allcriminalsshouldberequiredtocarrycardsread:

HandlewithCare.”

　　B）Capitalpunishmentistheonlywaytodetercriminals.

　　C）Societyistoblame.

　　D）Allcriminalsneedhospitaltreatment.

　　22.Thetonetakenbytheauthortowardsthesedefendersofcrimeinthepassageis.

　　A）ironicalB）criticalC）agitatedD）controversial

　　23.“Capitalpunishment”mostprobablymeans.

　　A）lifesentenceB）severepunishmentC）fineD）sentenceofdeath

　　24.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

　　A）Therehasbeenamarkedtrendinsocietytowardsthehumanetreatmentoflessfortunatemembers.

　　B）Everyoneinsocietythinksitreasonablethatallcriminalsshouldbepunished.

　　C）Theauthorsympathizeswithallcriminals.

　　D）Robbersusuallythinktwicebeforeshooting.

　　25.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?

　　A）Professionalkillersshouldnotbetreatedwithhumanetreatment.

　　B）Theviolentrobbersshouldthinktwicebeforepullingthetrigger.

　　C）Weshouldgivethepoisonertimetoponderaboutwhileheisshakinguporservinghisarseniccocktail.

　　D）Severepunishment,evendeathpenalty,shouldbegiventocriminals.

　　PassageTwo

　　Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninterliving,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

　　Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsanydaythesedaysontheissueofnuclearenergy.Giveitback,saysomeofthevoices,itdoesn’treallywork,we’vetrieditanditdoesn’twork,gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman.

　　Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;

someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

　　JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear,thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagining.

　　Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

　　26.Whatcan’tbeinferredfromthe1stparagraph?

　　A）Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.

　　B）Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdinghostileattitudetowardscience.

　　C）Moderncivilizationdependsonsciencesomansupportsscientificprogressunanimously.

　　D）Threehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosettlebackcriticalappraisalofscientificmethod.

　　27.Theprinciplediscoveryinthiscenturyshows.

　　A）manhasoverthrownNewton’slawsofphysics

　　B）manhassolvedanewsetofgiganticpuzzles

　　C）manhaslostmanyscientificdiscoveries

　　D）manhasgivenupsomeoftheonceacceptedtheories

　　28.Nowscientistshavefoundinthepastfewyears.

　　A）theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessary

　　B）thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachine

　　C）manknowsnothingaboutDNA

　　D）manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA

　　29.Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageistosaythat.

　　A）scienceisjustatitsbeginningB）sciencehasgreatlyimprovedman’slife

　　C）sciencehasmadeprofoundprogressD）sciencehasdonetoolittletohumanbeings

　　30.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsscienceis.

　　A）criticalB）approvingC）neutralD）regretful

　　PassageThree

　　Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Thedesireforachievementisoneoflife’sgreatmysteries.Socialscientistshavedevotedlifetimestostudyingthedrivesthatspurusoutofbedinthemorning,compelustoworkorstudyhardandsparkallmannerofhumanendeavor.Indeed,a1992textbookactuallydocuments32distincttheoriesofhumanmotivation.

　　Giventhisdiversityofthought,it’seasytoforgetthatforahalfcentury,Americansocietyhasbeendominatedbythepsychologicalschoolknownasbehaviorism,orSkinnerianpsychology.Althoughbehaviorismanditsfundamentalprincipleof“positivereinforcement”havelongsincelosttheirswayinacademiccircles,theSkinnerianlegacyremainspowerfulineveryrealmoftrashout.Doit,andyoucangotothemoviesFridaynight.Notinthemoodforwork?

Keeppluggingaway,andyoumightgetabonus.Notinterestincalculus?

StriveforanAintheclass,andyouwillmakethehonorroll.Thetheorymaybebankrupt,butincentivesandrewardsaresomuchapartofAmericanculturethatit’shardtoimaginelifewithoutthem.

　　Yetthat’sexactlywhatagrowinggroupofresearchersareadvocatingtoday.Asteadystreamofresearchhasfoundthatratherthanencouraginganddiminishingperformance,“oursocietyiscaughtinawhoppingparadox,”assertsAlfieKohn,authorofthenewbookpublishedbyRewards（HoughtonMifflin）,whichsurveysrecentresearchonthee