高英题库Word文档格式.docx

高英题库Word文档格式.docx

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Althoughusuallythereareinthissituationfouridentifiableparticipants,thephysician,thehospital,thepatientandtheprayer（generallyaninsurancecarrierorgovernment）,thephysicianmakestheessentialdecisionforallofthem.Thehospitalbecomesanextensionofthephysicians;

thepayergenerallymeetsmostofthebonafide（真正的）billsgeneratedbythephysician/hospitalandforthemostpart,thepatientplaysapassiverole.Inroutineorminorillnesses,orjustplainworries,thepatient’soptionsareofcoursemuchgreaterwithrespecttouseandprice.Butinillnessesthatareofsomesignificance,suchchoicetendstoevaporate.Anditisfortheseillnessesthatthebulkofthehealthcaredollarisspent.Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealthcareexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.Forthisreason,economymeasuresdirectedatpatientorthegeneralorthegeneralpublicarerelativelyineffective.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto_________.

A.criticizedoctorsforexercisingtoomuchcontroloverpatients

B.analyzesomeimportanteconomicfactorsinhealthcare

C.urgehospitalstoreclaimtheirdecision-makingauthority

D.informpotentialpatientsoftheirhealthcarerights

2.Itcanbeinferredthatdoctorsareabletodeterminehospitalpoliciesbecause________.

A.itisdoctorswhogenerateincomeforthehospital

B.mostofapatient’sbillsarepaidbyhishealthinsurance

C.hospitaladministratorslacktheexpertisetoquestionmedicaldecisions

D.adoctorisultimatelyresponsibleforapatient’shealth

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whenadoctortellsapatientto“returnnextWednesday,”thedoctorisinfact_________.

A.takingadvantageofthepatient’sconcernforhishealth

B.instructingthepatienttobuymoremedicalservices

C.warningthepatientthatahospitalstaymightbenecessary

D.advisingthepatienttoseekasecondopinion

4.Theauthorismostprobablyleadinguptoa（n）_________.

A.proposaltocontrolmedicalcosts

B.discussionsofnewmedicaltreatment

C.analysisofthecausesofinflationintheUnitedStates

D.comparisonofhospitalsandfactories

5.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas_________.

A.arbitraryB.faultfindingC.analyticalD.inquisitive

Passage2

Ifwelookateducationinourownsociety,weseetwosharplydifferentfactors.Firstofall,thereistheoverwhelmingmajorityofteachers,principles,curriculumplanners,schoolsuperintendents,whoaredevotedtopassingontheknowledgethatchildrenneedinordertoliveinourindustrializedsociety.Theirchiefconcerniswithefficiency,thatis,withimplantingthegreatestnumberoffactsintothegreatestpossiblenumberofchildren,withaminimumoftime,expense,andeffort.

Classroomlearningoftenhasitsunspokengoaltherewardofpleasingtheteacher.Childrenintheusualclassroomlearnveryquicklythatcreativityispunished.Whilerepeatingamemorizedresponseisrewarded,andconcentrateonwhattheteacherwantsthemtosay,ratherthanunderstandingtheproblem.

ThedifferencebetweentheintrinsicandextrinsicaspectsofacollegeeducationisillustratedbythefollowingstoryaboutUptonSinclair.WhenSinclairwasayoungman,hefoundthathewasunabletoraisethetuitionmoneyneededtoattendcollege.Uponcarefulreadingofthecollegecatalogue,however,hefoundthatifastudentfailedacourse,hereceivednocreditforthecourse,butwasobligedtotakeanothercourseinplace.Thecollegedidnotchargethestudentforthesecondcourse,reasoningthathehadalreadypaidonceforitscredit.Sinclairtookadvantageofhispolicyandhadafreeeducationbydeliberatelyfallingallhiscourses.

Intheidealcollege,therewouldbenocredits,nodegree,andnorequiredcourses.Apersonwouldlearnwhathewantedtolearn.AfriendandIattemptedtoputthisidealactionbystartingaseriesofseminarsatBrandeiscalled“FreshmanSeminarsIntroductiontotheIntellectualLife.”Intheidealcollege,intrinsiceducationwouldbeavailabletoanyonewhowantedit—sinceanyonecanimproveandlearn.Thestudentbodymayincludecreative,intelligentchildrenaswellasadults;

morons（低能儿）aswellasgeniuses（forevenmoronscanlearnemotionallyandspiritually）.Thecollegewouldbeubiquitous（无所不在的）—thatis,notrestrictedtoparticularbuildingsatparticulartimes,andtheteacherswouldbeanyhumanbeingswhohadsomethingthattheywantedtosharewithothers.Thecollegewouldbelifelong,forlearningcantakeplaceallthoughlife.Everydyingcanbeaphilosophicallyilluminating,highlyeducativeexperience.

Theidealcollegewouldbeakindofeducationalretreatinwhichyoucouldtrytofindyourself;

findoutwhatyoulikeandwant;

whatyouareandarenotgoodat.Thechiefgoalsoftheidealcollege,inotherwords,wouldbethediscoveryofidentity,andwithit,thediscoveryofvocation.

6.Intheauthor’sopinion,themajorityofeducationalworkers_________.

A.emphasizeindependentthoughtratherthanwell-memorizedresponses

B.tendtorewardchildrenwithbetterunderstandingratherthanwithagoalforcredits

C.implantchildrenwithalotoffactsattheexpenseofunderstandingtheproblem

D.areimaginative,creativeandefficientinkeepingupwithourindustrializedsociety

7.Childrenintheusualclassroomlearnveryquicklythatthey_________.

A.arerequiredtorepeatwhatteacherhassaid

B.shouldreadbooksthatarenotassignedbytheteacher

C.shouldknowhowtobehavethemselvesinfaceoftheteacher

D.shouldmemorizethegreatestnumberoffactsintheshortestperiodoftime

8.Anextrinsicallyorientededucationisonethat_________.

A.focusesonorientededucation

B.takesstudents’needintoaccount

C.laysemphasison“earningadegree”

D.emphasizeslearningthroughdiscussion

9.Toentertheauthor’sidealcollege,astudent_________.

A.hastopassanenrollmentexam

B.shouldbeveryintelligent

C.needn’tworryabouthomework

D.canbebeststimulatedforcreativework

10.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthearticleisto_________.

A.advocatehisviews

B.criticizecollegestudents

C.stressself-teachingattitude

D.puttechnologicaleducationtoalaterstage

Passage3

Thesealaylikeanunbrokenmirrorallaroundthepine-girt,lonelyshoresofOrr’sIsland.Tall,kinglysprucesworetheirregalcrownsofconeshighinair,sparklingwithdiamondsofclearexudedgum;

vastoldhemlocksofprimevalgrowthwhilefeatherylarches,turnedtobrilliantgoldbyautumnfrosts,lightedupthedarkershadowsoftheevergreens.Itwasoneofthosehazy,calm,dissolvingdaysofIndiansummer,wheneverythingissoquietthatthefaintestkissofthewaveonthebeachcanbeheard,andwhitecloudsseemtofaintintotheblueofthesky,andsoftswathingbandsofvioletvapormakeallearthlookdreamy,andgivetothesharp,clear-cutoutlinesofthenorthernlandscapeallthosemysteriesoflightandshadewhichimpartsuchtendernesstoItalianscenery.

Thefuneralwasover,—thetreadofmanyfeet,bearingtheheavyburdenoftwobrokenlives,hadbeentothelonelygraveyard,andhadcomeagain,—eachfootsteplighterandmoreunconstrainedaseachonewenthiswayfromthegreatoldtragedyofDeathtothecommoncheerfullife.

Thesolemnblackclockstoodswayingwithitseternal“tick-tock,tick-cock,”inthekitchenofthebrownhouseonOrr’sIsland.Therewastherethatsenseofastillnessthatcanbeleft,—suchassettlesdownonadwellingwhenanyofitsinmateshavepassedthoughitsdoorsforthelasttime,togowhencetheyshallnotreturn.Thebestroomwasshutupanddarkened,withonlysomuchlightascouldfallthroughalittleheart-shapedholeinthewindow-shutter,—forexceptonsolemnvisits,orprayer-meetingorweddings,orfunerals,thatroomformednopartofthedailyfamilyscenery.

Thekitchenwascleanandample,withagreatopenfireplaceandwidestonehearth,andovenononeside,androwsofold-fashionedsplint-bottomedchairsagainstthewall.Atablescourednosnowywhiteness,andalittlework-standwhereonlaytheBible,theMissionaryHerald,andtheWeeklyChristianMirror,beforenamed,formedtheprincipalfurniture.Onefeature,however,mustnotbeforgotten,—agreatsea-chest,whichhadbeenthecompanionofZephaniahthroughallthecountriesoftheearth.Old,andbattered,andunsightlyitlooked,yetreportsaidthattherewasgoodstorewithinofthatwhichmenforthemostpartrespectmorethananythingelse;

and,indeed,it