一些英语小段.docx

一些英语小段.docx

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一些英语小段

Vocabulary

Dinosaurswereancientspeciesofreptiles.Theylivedonearthfor160millionyears.Somedinosaurswereassmallasrabbits;otherswereenormous.Someatemeat,andothersateplants.Theydisappearedabout65millionyearsago.Scientistsbelievethattheystarvedtodeath.Theythinktheclimatechangedquicklyandcausedmanyplantstodie.

Thewordenormousinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtohuge.

单词解读：

dinosaur恐龙；reptiles爬行动物；cowardly胆怯的；

Aplayerhittingahomer,whichistohitahomerun,issomethingthatfanslookforwardtoateverybaseballgame.Itisasourceofexcitementwhentheballswingsandtheballgoessailingthoughtheair.Sometimestheballlandsinthefield.Sometimestheballfliesintotheseats

Thewordhomerinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtohomerun.

单词解读：

homer本垒打，棒球；swing摇摆，转动（v）；秋千（n）；

fence篱笆；signal信号（n），发信号（vi），表明（vt）；

Camouflageishidingoneselffromone’senemies.Someanimalsdothistoprotectthemselvesfromtheirenemies.Theydoittocatchfood.Frogs,butterflies,andsnakesareexamplesofsuchanimals.Theychangetheircolorsorshapestomatchtheirsurroundings.Withcamouflage,theylooklikegrass,leaves,orstones.Thisimprovestheirchangesofsurvivalinthewild.

ThewordCamouflageinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtodisguise.

单词解读：

camouflage伪装；disguise假装；resistance抵抗，电阻；

flog青蛙；wild野外；seat（n）位置；（vt）容纳；

Somewildanimalshibernate,whichistosleepthroughwinter.Theyentertheirdensinlatefallanddonotcomeoutuntilspring.Beforehibernating,animalseattogainfat.Thisfatsustainsthemthroughwinter.Whentheycomeoutinspring,theanimalsareverythin.Theyarealsoveryhungry.Hibernationenablesmanywildanimalstosurviveduringthecoldwinterwhenthereisnofoodtoeat.

Thewordhibernateinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtosleep.

单词解读:

：

hibernate冬眠；migrate移民，移居；den兽穴；sustain支撑；

Everybusinessseeksinnovation.Nowevenhealthclubshavenewwaystoruntheirbusiness.TheymakeuseofMP3playersanddownloading.Fitnessenthusiastscandownloadworkoutsforasmallfee.Theydothisinsteadofpayinganinstructor$50perhour.Thehealthclubcanalsoreachmorecustomersthisway.

Thewordinnovationinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtonewmethod.

单词解读：

innovation创新；instructor讲师，教练；synonym同义词；

antonym反义词；contrast对比（vt），形成对比（vi），对比（n）；whereas而；

Theinspectorswenttothezoolastweek.Theywantedtoseehowthemonkeyswerekept.Somemonkeysinthezoowereobese.Otherswereasskinnyastoothpicks.Theinspectorswantedtoknowwhytherewasadifference.Perhapssomemonkeyswerestealingfoodfromtheothers.

Thewordobeseinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtofat.

单词解读：

inspector检察员，巡视员；obese（obesity（n）肥胖）-->crafty（craftier/craftiest）虚胖的，病态肥胖的；tricky难办的，难对付的；狡猾的，诡计多端的；

MostTVsetscomewithremotecontrols.Theyuseinfraredtechnology.Infraredisimperceptible,whereasthelightfromtheTVscreenisvisible.TheremoteusesinfraredlighttosendcommandstotheTV.TheTVmusthaveaspecialreceiverthatcanreadtheseflashesoflight.Viewerscanchangechannelsandlookatmenus.

Thewordimperceptibleinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoinvisible.

单词解读：

imperceptible无法察觉的，感觉不到的；remotecontrol遥控；

infrared红外线的；aflashof一道…；aloof冷漠，冷淡；

Idon’thavetheremotestideawhatyou’retakingabout.你在说什么我一点都不懂。

Asensorchannelsthelightsignalalonganopticalfibre. 传感器沿管道纤维输送光信号。

Inspring,manypeoplesufferfromcoughing,itching,sneezing,runningnoses,andwateryeyes.Peoplemaythinktheseareindicationsofacold.Ifthesesymptomslastforalongtime,theyshouldseeadoctor.Itcouldbeanallergycausedbydust,mold,orpollen.Thesecancausealotofirritation.

Thewordsymptomsinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtosigns.

单词解读：

symptom症状，症兆；symbol象征，记号；symbolic作为象征的；sneeze打喷嚏；itch发痒get/haveaitch觉得痒（itchforsth（常用于进行时）渴望，热望）；

instantaneous（adj）：

立即的，立刻的，瞬间的；instantly（adv）：

immediately

forinstance\example;inthefirstinstance第一，首先；

watery水的，似水的，水分很多的，含水的；虚弱的，苍白无力的，（食物饮料）水分过多的，稀薄无味的；allergy变态反应，过敏反应；

irritate（v）使烦恼，刺激（皮肤、身体）（adj：

irritating）（adv:

irritatingly）

（n：

irritation）irritated：

adj：

~at/by/withsth烦恼，恼怒

ThenortheastpartoftheUnitedStatesgetsthemostformsofprecipitation.Theregionissubjecttorain,snow,andsleet.Someyears,thereissomuchthatitmaydamagecrops.Thiscausesmanyfarmerstoborrowmoneyfromthebanktopayfortheirexpenses.Itcanalsocausedamagetobuildings.

Thewordprecipitationinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtowaterfromthesky.

单词解读：

precipitation降水，降水量；沉淀，淀析；

region地区，区域，地方；intheregionof大约，差不多；

regional（adj）地区的，地方的；adv—>regionally;

regionalism地域特征，地域性，地域主义；theregions（除首都外）全部地区

Thewolverineisahardyanimal.Itisstrong,anditcanliveincoldtemperatures.Itisabletocatchlargeanimals.ItlivesintheforestsofCanadaandtheUnitedStates.Thewolverineisabletowalkupto100milesperdaywhilehuntingforfood.Itisstrongandaggressiveenougheventostealfoodfrombears.

Thewordhardyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtotough.

单词解读：

wolverine狼獾;貂熊；hardy能吃苦耐劳的，适应力强的；耐寒的，能越冬

greedy贪婪的，贪吃的，渴望的；（n）粗暴的人，暴徒，恶根，（v）坚持、挨过

tough（adj）艰苦的，艰难的；严厉的，强硬的；无情的；粗暴的；难切开的（肉）

toughen（v）使坚硬；toughitout撑到底toughie坚定勇敢的人，无畏的人；

toughonsb不幸的，坚固的；（n）toughness

Youarejustgoingtohavetotoughitout.你只好硬着头皮撑到底了。

Digitaldictionariesareveryeffectivelearningtools.Theycheckspellingandwordmeanings.Theyalsogivesynonyms.Evenbetter,theyshowthewordsinasentence.Thishelpsstudentslearnaboutthegrammaroftheword.Studentscanlearntousewordswithfewermistakes.Theybecomebetterwritersthisway.

Thewordeffectiveinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtouseful..

单词解读：

impressive令人赞叹的，令人敬畏的；adv：

impressively：

impressivelyhigh异常高

handy易使用的，容易做的；便利的；handyforsth/fordoingsth近便，便利

validadj:

有效的，（正式）认可的,合理的；validate-v:

证实，确认，确认~有效；

validity-（n）（法律上）有效，合法性，正当，正确；opp：

invalidate

SoccerhasbeenslowtocatchonintheUS.Thisisbecausemostpeopleprefertowatchbaseball,basketball,andfootball.TheseareAmericaninventions.ManyofthemthinkthatsoccerisasportforSouthAmericans.ItisnotapartoftheUSA’sidentity.Theyalsodonotlikehowthegameshavelowscores.

Thewordcatchoninthepassageisclosestinmeaningtogetpopular.

单词解读：

identityn：

同一（性）;一致；身分;本身;本体;个性;特性；【数】恒等（式）

theidentityofinterests利益的一致；identitycard身份证；

reach（an）identityofviews取得一致看法

slowtodosth/（in）doingsth迟迟不…；不乐意；慢吞吞的；

slowsth/sbdown/up（使）放慢速度，减缓；getrooted扎根；

Cloudsformwhereairnearthegroundisheatedbythesun.Thehotairrisesintheatmospherebecauseitisnessdensethantheairaroundit.Eventually,therisingaircools.Thewater,atfirstinvaporform,condenses.Itformsvisibledroplets.Atthispoint,youcanseethecloud.

Theworddenseinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtothick.

单词解读：

dense密集的，浓密的；愚笨的，难理解的；（n）density密集，密度；

thick厚的，粗的；浓密的；能见度低的，浓的；拥满，充满；迟钝的；

thickwithsb友好的，亲密的；inthethickofsth…在最繁忙的时候；

adv：

厚厚地；（v）thicken（使）变厚，变浓，变稠；thickener增稠剂；

droplet小滴；vapor蒸气，潮气，雾气；

condenser冷凝器；condense冷凝，凝结、（使）浓缩，变浓；

Mollusks

Mollusksareanimportantpartofmarinelife.Theyhaveprovidedhumanswithsustenanceforthousandsofyears.Mollusksincludeshelledcreatureslikeclams,mussels,oysters,andsnails.Theyallhavegillsthattakeoxygenfromthewater.Theyoftenlivewherefreshriverwatermixeswithsaltwaterfromtheocean.Thiswaterisabundantinfood.Theseanimalsfeedbyopeningthereshellswithamusclecalleda“foot”andbypassingwaterthroughtheirbodies.Theyeatnutritiousplantmatterandthetinyanimalsthatliveinthewateraroundthem.Othertypesofmollusksincludesquidandoctopuses.Thesecanonlyliveinsaltwater.Their“foot”hasevolvedintoarms,calledtentacles,whichareusedtograblargeprey.

单词解读：

mollusk软体动物；clam蚌；mussel河蚌，珠蚌；贻贝，淡菜；蚌类；

oyster牡蛎，蚝；（口）沉默寡言的人；嘴紧的人；

marine（adj）海的，海生的，海产的；船舶的，航海的，海运的，海事的；海军陆战队的；（n）（一国之）船舶；海运业；海军陆战队队员；

sustenance食物，营养，养料；维持，保持；~ofsth

gill腮；squid乌贼，鱿鱼；octopus章鱼；tentacle触须，触角；

prey被捕食的动物；牺牲品，牺牲者；捕食

tissue薄纸，绵纸；纸巾，手帕；组织；

atissueoflies一派胡言；nourishment营养，营养品；

Canplantsobtainadequatenourishmentfromsuchpoolsoil？

土壤这样贫瘠，植物能够获得足够的养分吗？

shrink（v）（使）缩水，收缩，皱缩；减少，缩小；退缩，畏缩；

shrinkfromsth回避（困难）；（n）精神病学家，心理学家；

shrinkage缩小，收缩量，收缩程度；shrinkinglyadv：

踌躇地；

ExtremeSport

“Extremesport”arenewkindsofsports.Theyincludebungeejumping,certainkindsofbicycleriding,andskateboarding.Youngadultsoftenpursuethesesportstotesttheirphysicalability,fear,andsafety.Thesesportsoftenfeaturehighspeedsordangerousstunts.Theycancreatea“mentalrush.”Thisisthefeelingthepersonhaswhenthebrainfeelsstress.Manypeoplelikethisfeeling.Extremesportsarenowanimportantpartofyouthculture.Companieshavebeguntomarketproductssuchasdrinksandclothingatthesesportingevensbecauseoftheirpowertoattractayoungaudience.

pursue–>dovt：

追求，致力于，执行，贯彻；追逐，跟踪，追赶；

pursuer追赶者，追寻者，追捕者；

pursuit（n）追求，寻找；追捕，跟踪；事业，消遣，爱好；inhotpursuit穷追不舍；

Wedroveawaywithtwopolicecarsinpursue.（inpursue=following）;

takesthtoextreme走极端，被迫采取极端行为；intheextreme极度，极端，非常；

单词解读：

bungee橡皮带；bungeejumping蹦极；Stuntman替身；stunt妨碍；

broadcaster广播员，广播公司，广播设备；intense强烈的；

tamevt：

驯养adj：

驯服的；soberadj：

清醒的vt：

稳定；

DisasterinQuebec

Theyear2003wasbrutalforQuebec.Thereasonisfires.Itwasthemostdisastrousfireseasoninrecenttimes.ItwasalsothemostexpensiveyearfornaturaldisastersinthisregionofCanada.Theharshnessofthefireswasexplainedby3yearsofbadweather.