工业设计外文文献翻译及原文.doc

工业设计外文文献翻译及原文.doc

《工业设计外文文献翻译及原文.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《工业设计外文文献翻译及原文.doc（14页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

Theimpactof“3r”principlestoindustrialdesign

Abstract

Whileindustrialdesigncreatesmodemlifeandlivingsurroundingsforpeople，italsoacceleratestheexhaustionofthenaturalresourcesandtheenergyresources．Besides，ithasdoneharmtotheecologicalbalance，andthreatenedtheexistenceandthesustainabledevelopmentofhumanbeings．Confrontwiththissituation，thestrategyofsustainabledevelopment，proposedin1990s，isacceptedbymanypeople．Recyclingeconomyanditskeypoint，“3r”principle，werebornforthissituationandbecomeimportantprincipleinallkindsofeconomicactivitiesandintheareaofdesignandmanufacture．Bydecodingtheconnotationof“3r”principle，thearticleanalyzestheinfluenceandtheguidanceoverindustrialdesignof“3r”principle．Furthermore，thearticletriestodiscusstheconceptionofredesign，whichistheextensionofthe“3r”principleintheareaofindustrialdesign，andexplicates4Rprincipleofindustrialdesignforrecyclingeconomyatlast．

Keywords

3Rprinciple；industrialdesign；recyclingeconomy；Redesign

1Introduction

 Industrialdesignasacross-cuttingtechnologyandtheartsdisciplines，itiscloselyrelatedtotheeconomyandtomaintainitsdevelopmentandprogressofsociety.Itcanbesummarized：

First，itservicesforindustrialmassproduction，makingindustrialproductsenhancethevalueandvalue-added.Second，Itleadsthefashion，toeffectivelystimulateconsumption，sothatconsumersnotonlyusetheproductatthesametime，butalsoenjoythenewtechnologyandmaterial；Third，itputstechnologytolinkupwiththemarket，makingproductsenhancecompetitiveness；Lastbutnottheleast，itcanbringtheinnovationintotheenterprise.Therefore，theeconomicdevelopmentneedsindustrialdesignwhichhasbecomeindispensabletothecountry'seconomicconstruction.

 However，alongwiththetraditionalindustrialdesigncreatinghigh-qualitymodernlifestyleandlivingenvironmentandpromotingeconomicdevelopment，italsospeedsuptheconsumptionofresourcesandenergy.Whatismore，itdoseharmtotheecologicalbalanceoftheEarthandbringsaboutaseriousofgreatdamagetohumansurvivalandsustainabledevelopment.Especiallytheexcessivecommercializationofindustrialdesign，utilitarianandexcessivepursuitofprofit，theimplementationof"merchandisehasplanstoabolishthesystem"withouttakingintoaccountproduction，use，processwaste，suchastheenvironment，theimpactofresources.Itcanbesaidthatpeopleareininappropriateandexcessiveconsumptionpatternsoflife，theindustrialdesignobjectivelybecomesessentialmediumtoencouragepeopletouncontrolledconsume，whichiscounteredtotheessenceofindustrialdesign—creatingascienceandhealthywayoflife.

 Facingthethreatofhumansurvivalandsustainabledevelopment，inthe20thcentury，peoplebegantoquestionthesustainabledevelopmentofhumanity，tocarryoutaprofoundreflectiononsustainabledevelopmentandtoputforwardasuitablemodelofcirculareconomy，theprincipleofcirculareconomyis“3r”（i.e.Reduce，Reuse，Recycle）whichisofgreatsignificancetotheimplementationandpromotionofsocio-economicstability，sustainabledevelopmentAgainstthisbackground，theconceptofsustainabledevelopmentintorapideconomicdevelopmentisinextricablylinkedtothedesign，basedonthisongoingexplorationandpractice.“3r”principlesintendedtosortoutthisarticleonvariousaspectsofindustrialdesignandtheguidingrole，andattemptstoexplorethe“3r”principlesofindustrialdesignattheextension.

2Cycleeconomicmodelandtheprincipleof“3r”

Economyisengagedinproduction，consumptionandreproductionactivities，whichistomeethumanmaterialneedsoftheirownmaterial.Recyclingeconomyisconsideredfollowingtheoriginaleconomy，theagriculturaleconomy，industrialeconomyafterthetimeofthepost-industrialeconomy，withtheindustrialeconomyis differentbetweentheresourcesandenvironmentrelationship.Followingtheeconomiccyclereferstothenaturalecosystemofthematerialcirculationandenergyflowreconstructionoftheeconomicsystemsothatitharmoniouslyintothenaturalecosystemsofthematerialenergyrecyclingprocesstoproductcleanproduction，resourcerecyclingandefficientrecyclingcharacterizedeco-economicdevelopmentpatterns，alsoknownaseco-economy，greeneconomy.

2.1Therelationshipbetweeneconomicmodel，environmentandtheresources

 Humansurvivalandeconomicactivitiesrelyontheresourcesandtheenvironment.Ononehand，itisthesourceofthehumanbeingsmaterialsystem；ontheotherhand，itbearstheeconomicactivitiesofhumanwastegeneratedbythevariousroles.TheEarthcanprovideresourcesbutarelimited，eventhoughitmusthavetheabilitytopurify，howeveritissubjecttohumaneconomicactivitytheabilityofemissionsisalsolimited.

 Industrialeconomicdevelopmentpatternsarefrom"OneProductOneresourcepollution"posedbyone-wayflowofmaterialandanopeneconomy，thisopennesshasledtoaglobaldepletionofresourcesandwaste，aswellastheseriousdeteriorationoftheecologicalenvironment.

 Circulareconomydevelopmentpatternisfrom"oneofresourcesofrenewableresources，oneofgreenproducts"posedbythematerialenergyoftheclosed-loopfeedbackloopprocess，thisclosedloopsystem，canmaintaineconomicproductionoflow，high-quality，low-waste，whichwillbeeconomicactivityofnaturalresourcesandenvironmentalimpactstominimizedamage.

2.2Interpretationofthecirculareconomymode“3r”principle

 “3r”principleisthebasicmanifestationoftheeconomiccycle，anditsspecificcontentsareasfollows：

 "Reduction"principleisthefirstprincipleofcirculareconomy，thatisthesourceofcontrolmethod，whichrequiresthesourceofeconomicactivity-thedesignstage，payattentiontotheuseofresources-savingandpollutionreductionrequirementswithfewerresourcestoachievetheestablishedpurposeoftheproductionorconsumptionIntheproductionareas，usuallytheenergy-savingproductionprocesses，materialsandconservationofresources，theproductsofsmallsizeandlightweight，andeasyandsimplepackagingrequirementsinordertoachievethepurposeofreducingwasteemissions；Intheconsumerarea，reductionofthesupremacyoftheprincipleofachangeinconsumerlifestylesandadvocatemoderateconsumptionandgreenconsumption."Reuse"principleisthesecondprincipleofcirculareconomy，thatis，processcontrolmethods，withtheaimtoimprovetheproductsandresourcesuseefficiency，itcallsforproductdesigntoinitialtheformofpackagingformultipleitemstopreventprematurebecomewaste.Inthedesign，totheuseofstandard-sizedparts，repairandupgradeinordertoreplace，thusprolongingtheservicelifeofproducts；Intheconsumerarea，topromotethepurchaseofdurableconsumergoods，toreducetheuseofdisposableproducts，suchasafter-salesservicebystrengtheningthemeanstoextendtheproductlifeaspossibleandnotwaste.

 "Recycling"principleisthethirdprincipleofcirculareconomy，thatis，terminalcontrolmethodofproductionandconsumptionintheprocessofwastegenerated，throughthe"resources"ofthemeansofitsre-processingofrawmaterialscanbere-usedorproduct，putitbackonconsumption.Resourcesoftheso-calledclassofresourcesusuallyincludetheoriginalandsecondaryresources.Theoriginalclassofresourcesisthewasteofresourcesaftertheformationofthesamewiththeoriginalproducts，sub-resourceisthewasteofresourcesintodifferenttypesofafterthenewproducts.Topromotewasterecyclingeconomywillbethesourceoftheoriginalandsub-classofcombiningresourcesinordertofullyrealizetherecyclinguseofresources.

3.Theimpactofthe“3r”principleoftoindustrialdesign

 “3r”principleisnotonlyonproductsfromthedesign，production，sales，use，disposalandsoonthroughoutthelifecyclehaveanimpactonallaspect，butalsoontheindustrialdesignitself，amoreextensiveandprofoundchanges：

3.1Theimpactofdesignconcept

 Inmodernindustrialeconomy，theproductdesignisoftentoservethepeople，justfromthepeopletomeetneedsandsolvetheproblemasthestartingpoint，anddonotconsiderthefollow-upproducts，useofresourcesandenergyconsumptionandemissionsontheenvironmentandotherecologicalproblems.“3r”principleinthedesignconceptundertheinfluencefromthe"people-oriented"towardsthe"harmonybetweenmanandnature"ofgreendesign，whilerespectingtheneedsofpeople，butalsoconsiderthesafetyoftheecosystem.Cycleeconomicmodeloftheindustrialdesignunderthedesignconcept，putpeopleandnatureliveinharmonyandcommondevelopmentinthefirstplace，theuseofsystemstheoryandCalibrationofallactsofindustrialdesign，fromproductdesignatthebeginningofthemacro-environmenthadprioritytoconsiderandpayattentiontothecoordinationofproductsthatrunthevariouselementsoftheprocessinordertoachievesystemoptimization.Here，theenvironmentalfactorsarethestartingpointofthewholedesignandendpoints，throughthedesign，effortstoimproveandreducetheproductsintheproduction，use，recyclingprocess，suchastheadverseimpactoftheenvironment.SoGreenDesignProductsareinthe"harmonybetweenmanandnature"undertheguidanceofthoughttotheharmoniousdevelopmentofmanandnature，theprincipleofhuman-machinesystemoneconsiderstheenvironment，acomprehensiveoptimizationoftheindustrialdesignofanewconcept.

3.2Theimpactofdesignstyle

Simpleisanaestheticpursuitofextremistsonthedesignofeasystyle