形容词副词用法归纳.docx
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形容词和副词用法&广东高考
一、形容词
1.形容词的位置:
修饰语一般应置于被修饰语之前
注意:
在下列情况下,修饰语应置于被修饰的名词后:
(1)something,anything,nothingeverything+形容词。
Eg:
There′snothingwrongwiththeelectriccooker.
(2)作定语用的分词短语Eg:
TheyliveinavillagecalledGumTree.
2.形容词在句子中的成分
(1).在名词之前修饰名词,作定语.
Eg:
a.Therearemanybeautifulflowersinthepark.b.Wesawamovingfilm.
(2).在be动词后,或者系动词feel,look,sound,taste,smell,seem后,作表语.
Eg:
a.Ourschoolisnewandbig.b.Themilksmellsterrible,itseemsbad。
(3)在宾语后作宾语补足语.:
think/find/feel/make+it(形宾)+adj.+真正的宾语
Eg:
a.Weallthinkitterribletogothroughsuchanexperience.
b.Heoftenmakeshismotherangry.
3.在英语中有些表示“使人….”的动词,把其变成现在分词或过去分词当形容词使用。
其中现在分词~ing形式表示“令人……”修饰物;过去副词~ed形式修饰人(被动),这一类动词如下:
Interest,excite,thrill,surprise,shock,amaze,astonish,amuse,please,annoy,confuse,upset,concern,worry,move,touch,satisfy,disappoint,inspire,encourage,etc.
归纳:
ua/an/the+形容词+名词
ube/系动词(look/sound/taste/smell/feel/seem/stay/keep….)+形容词
u主语+谓语+宾语+形容词(宾补)
*语法填空中考查形容词时,多是考查派生词,即:
名词或动词后加词缀变化成形容词。
EX:
Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthegivenwords.
1.Thatwouldbeavery____________(reason)thingtodoinabigcity.
2.Maryfelt______________(please)becausethereweremanyemtpyseatsintheroom.
3.Thisproverbissayingwehabvetoletthingsgointheir______________(nature)course.
4.Itwasalittlefartohercaranditwasa______________(fog)dayyesterday.
5.The__________(busy)timeisaroudntheSpringFestival.
6.Theorganizationorganizes_____________(week)programsattheSkateistanCambodia.
7.Asimov’sbookscover_____________(vary)topicsinscience.
8.Theterriblefilmmadethegirlstay____________(wake)allthenight.
9.Hermotherlooked______________(worry)andshesatstillthereforalongtime.
10.Peoplearevery_____________(friend)andalwayswelcomevisitorsallovertheworld.
二、副词
1、副词的位置及作用:
通常作状语,可修饰动词,形容词或整个句子。
Eg:
a.Theboyisreadingastorybookattentively.
b.HeisincreasinglyinterestedinChineseculture.
c.Surprisingly,SongYanquittedtheracebecauseofillness.
d.ChineseiswidelylearnedallovertheworldwiththedevelopmentofChina.
归纳:
u….动词。
。
。
。
+副词
u副词+形容词
u副词+表语(名词、副词、介词短语,句子。
。
。
)
u副词(句首)+整个句子
注意:
1.形容词加后缀如ly变为副词,如happy----happily,careful-----carefully。
***以le结尾的形容词变副词时,直接把变为y:
gentle----gentlysmiple----smiply
2.有些副词与形容词同行形,如early,high,long,fast,hard等。
3.有些-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词,如lovely,friendly,lonely等。
*语法填空中考查形容词加后缀ly变成副词,短文改错中考查形容词和副词的错用,即:
该用形容词而用了副词,该用副词而用了形容词
如:
quick—quickly,easy----easily,lucky—luckily,,safe---safely
Ex:
用所给单词的正确形式填空.
1.Thismathsproblemisvery______.Allofuscanworkitout___________(easy).
2.How__________youlooktoday!
-------Yes,Ihadabirthdayvery____________.(happy)
3.Look!
Thewindisblowing________________.That’sa____________wind.(strong).
4.---Whata________studentheis!
---Yeah.Hestudies____________inhisclass.(hard)
5.InNorthChina,therewas___________snowlastFriday.Itoftensnows____________inwinterthere.(heavy)
6.Theoldmanis_____________ill.Hehasgota______________disease.(terrible)
7.WangMeiisso____________.Sheenteredthefinalmatch_____________.(luck)
8.Hervoicesounds____________.Shesingsallkindsofsongs_____________.(beautiful)
9.Itwasraining______________whenIfinishedtheworkyesterday.(heavy)
10.Theboyrunsso__________thatnobodyelsecancatchupwithhim.(fast)
11.Mr.Liwas______________hurt,what’smore,hehasgota______cold.(bad)
12.Bettydid___________inthesingingcompetitionbecauseshe’s______atsinging.(good)
13.Theoldfarmeris________withfarmwork.Heoftenwork________inthefields.(busy)
14.Keep_______inthereading-room.Somanystudentsarereading_________there.(quiet)
15.Thegirlbehaved______________(bad)attheparty,andshecried___________(sad)
16.Iamnotso_____________asmysisteronstudy.Shealwaysstudies___________.(care)
17.Theyclimbeduptothemountain_______________.Thatwas____________work.(difficult)
18.Thesepersonslive______________.Theyare____________fromeachother.(different)
19.What__________wind!
Itwasblowing_____________allthenight.(strong)
20.____________foodcanmakeuslive________________.(health)
21.It’s______________forthemtocatchthebus.Theywill__________winthematch.(possible)
22.It’s____________work.Allofuscanfinishit_______________.(easy)
23.Thekiteisflying__________inthesky.Icanjumpvery___________.(high)
24.Herhouseis___________fromthehospital.Theboyjumps____________.(far)
25.Welead__________livesnowadays.Allofthemplayedoutside______________.(happy)
26.Whowas______________today?
whydoessheoftencome____________.(late)
27.Shewas____________welcomed.Theygavea__________welcome.(warm)
28.Thewomanlooks______________.She’s______________toeveryone.(friend)
29.How___________sheplaysthepiano!
Sheisa___________pianoist.(good)
30.Myfatheroftenleavehome____________tocatchthe_____________bus.(early)
三、形容词,副词的比较等级:
分为原级,比较级,最高级
A.形容词,副词比较级和最高级的规则变化如下表:
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
1、单音节词末尾加-er和-est
great
greater
greatest
2、闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er和-est
big
hot
bigger
hotter
biggest
hottest
3、以辅音字母加-y,-结尾的双音节词,y变为i,再加-er和-est。
happy
easy
happier
easier
happiest
easiest
4、多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most.
difficult
moredifficult
mostdifficult
B.形容词,副词比较等级部分不规则变化表
原级
比较级
最高级
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
far
fartherfurther
farthestfurthest
bad/ill
worse
worst
old
olderelder
oldesteldest
many/much
more
most
late
latterlater
latestlast
little
less
least
C.形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法
1.比较级常用于以下结构.
A.“A…..比较级+thanB”结构.表示“A比B更….”EG:
BilljumpshigherthanTom.
B.which/who,+比较级,AorB?
表示“哪一个/谁更…A还是B?
”
C.两个人或物比较时,定冠词the+比较级表示最高级。
a.Heisthetallerofthetwo.他是两个中个高点的.
b.Thisbookisthenewerofthetwo.这本书是两本中新一点的.
D.the+比较级……,the+比较级,意思是“越……就越”,如:
Eg:
a.Theharderyouwork,themoreyouwilllearn.你学得越努力,你学到的就越多。
b.Themoreexercisewetake,thehealthierweare.我们锻炼得越多,就越健康.
E.比较级+and+比较级,作“越来……越”解,如:
a.Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.
bComputersaremoreandmoreimportantinourdailylife.
(特别提示)
(1)在比较级之前可用even,far,much,alot,agreatdeal,abit,still,等词语修饰,如:
a.HespeaksEnglishalotmorerapidlythanhedoesFrench.
B.Lifetodayismuchbetterthanthat50yearsago.
2最高级常用于以下结构:
A.the+最高级+in/of+比较范围eg:
Heisthebestpictureinthehall.
B.主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“…是…中最..之一”。
Eg:
Russiaisoneofthebiggestcountriesintheworld.
Ex.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Johnis___________(tall)thanSam.
2.LinLinisthe_______________(young)inourclass.
3.Themantookoffhisshoesandputthemunderhisbedvery___________(quiet)
4.Annfeltvery_______________(happy)atherbirthdayparty.
5.Whichis_______________(far)fromus,thesunorthemoon?
6.Shelooks________________(thin)thanme.
7.Itsnowed_______________(heavy)lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.
8.Mr.Bensonseemstobethe_______________(busy)manintheworld.
9.“Thesooner,the_________________(good)”,UncleWangsaid.
10.Jackhasthe____________(little)breadofthethreeboys.
写出正确的英语单词.
11.Wedon’tthinktheirclassroomis_____________(干净)thanours.
12.Meimeiwalksas_______________(慢)asLilydoes.
13.Who’s______________(好)thanyouatEnglishinyourclass?
14.Theteacheraskedustotakea____________(仔细)lookateverythinginthelab.
15.Shanghaiisoneofthe________________(大)citiesintheworld.
16.Whichisthe____________________(beautiful)skirtofthethree?
17.Thesickmanisgetting_______________(ill).
18.Themeatsmells______________(坏).Pleasetakeitaway
19.Thewindisblowing_________________(strong).
20.Who’s______________(高),LucyorLily?
21.Shedidn’tdoherhomework_______________(仔细).
22.Yourbagismuch__________________(轻)thanmine.
23.How______________(大)therainis!
24.OfallthestudentsLiHualives__________________(远).
25.Jackgetup__________________todaythanyesterday.(early)
26.Pleasedoyourhomework_________________.(careful)
27.Heistootiredtogoany__________________.(far)
28.LeLeiruns_____________(fast)thanI,buthedoesn'trunas__________(fast)asmybrother.
29.ExerciseFiveis________________thanExerciseFour.(difficult)
30.Heismuch__________________thanI.(thin)
31.Theworkisn'thard.Icanfinishit________________.(easy)
32.Thereis_____________waterintheglassthanthebottle.(little)
33.Hehasbeenillforfewdays.Hefeelseven_____________today.(bad)
34.Lasttermhestudiedhard.Heisgoingtostudy______________thisterm.(hard)
35.HanMeimeihas__________apples.Jimhas____________applesofall.(many)
36.TheYellowRiveristhesecond______________(long)riverinChina.
37.Shanghaiisoneof________________(large)citiesintheworld.
38.Pleaselistentotheteacher__________________(careful).
39.Thechildrenplayed__________________inthepark.(happy)
40.Whichkindofmeatis_____________________(popular),beef,porkorchicken?
41.Mathsisas_______________________asEnglish.(interest)
42._______________youwork,_______________youwilllearn.(hard,many)
43.Englishis___________________usedintheworld.(wide)
44.Ourcountryisbecoming______________and_______