英语倒装句归纳.doc
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英语倒装句的用法
类型
1)部分倒装——助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词型
2)全倒装——谓语+主语型
一、在以下结构中用全倒装:
这种结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。
常见的结构有:
1.在therebe或者Therelive(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist….)句型中;如:
Therearethousandsofpeopleonthesquare.原语序:
Thousandsofpeoplearethereonthesquare.
Therelivedanoldfishermaninthevillage.原语序:
Anoldfishermanlivedthereinthevillage.
Therestandsalittlegirl.正常语序:
Alittlegirlstandsthere.
2.在“here,there,now,thus,then+动词+主语”的句子中,(谓语动词为be,go,come,lie,run等,主语为名词);
Nowcomesmyturn.Theregoesthebell.Thencametheordertoleave.
Herecomesabus=Abuscomeshere.
3.在“out\in,up\down,off\away,inthedistance,onthehill,roundthecorner”等表示方向性的副词或表示地点的介词词组位于句首,且主语又是名词,谓语是表示运动的动词。
Awaywentthecrowedonebyone.Incameastrangerinblack.
Outrushedthechildren..Downfelltheleaves.Onthefloorwerepilesofoldbooks.
☆注意:
主语必须是名词
eg:
Outshewent.Theretheyare.Herehecomes.而Outwentthegirl.Herecomestheboy.
4.有时为了强调表语,构成“表语+连系动词+主语”结构;
Luckyisshewhowaschosentobealeader.=Shewhowaschosentobealeaderislucky.
Gonearethedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon!
=Thedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownuponaregone!
5、在某些表示愿望的祝愿语中,全倒装。
LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!
Mayyoubehappy!
二、在以下结构中用部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。
如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
1.含有否定或半否定意义的词语(如:
not,never,seldom,hardly,little,scarcely,barely,few…);或者含有否定结构的连词(notonly…butalso..,neither..nor..,nosoonerhad…than...(一。
。
。
就。
。
。
),scarely..than..,Hardlyhad...when..,notuntil...;nowhere等);或否定意义的介词词组(bynomeans(决不),innocase\way(任何情况下都不),withnomethod,atnotime(决不),onnoaccount(决不),undernocircumstances\condition...(任何情况下都不))位于句首eg:
Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.=NeverhaveIseenhimbefore.
Notaworddidhesaywhenheleft.Seldom/Scarecelydoeshegotothatpark.
Hardly(几乎不。
。
。
)doIspeaktohim.LittleEnglishcanhespeak.
Littledoesherealizetheimportanceofthemeeting.FewpeopledidIseeinthestreet.
含有否定结构的连词:
eg:
1)Notonlycanheplaybasketball,butalsoIcan.
2)Nosoonerhadwearrivedhomethanitbegantorain.
3)Hardlyhadwemetourfriendswhenthetrainleft.
4)Notuntilthebabyfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.(主句倒装,从句不倒装)
=Themotherdidn’tleavetheroomuntilthebabyfellasleep.
注意:
1)Notonly...butalso...必须连接两个分句时,才使用部分倒装。
而且只倒装notonly后的分句。
如果连接的是两个并列词语,不用倒装结构。
如:
NotonlyhisfatherbutalsoIlikereading.
2)Hardly...when...,Scarcely...than...,Nosooner...than...意义基本相同,它们连接的句子,都只倒装前一个分句,即:
“前倒后不倒(装)”。
3)当notuntil(直到。
。
。
才)引导主从复合句时,主句倒装,从句不用倒装,或者可以理解为:
“后倒前不倒(装)”。
含有否定意义的介词词组:
如:
Bynomeansshouldwetelllies.Onnoaccountshouldwelethimleave.
Atnotime(决不)willIgetmarriedtoyou.In(Under)nocircumstanceswillIlendmoneytohim.
注意:
innotime(立即,马上)位于句首时,其后无需用倒装语序:
Innotimeheworkedouttheproblem.他马上就算出了那道题。
2.only+副词;或介词短语;或状语从句时,主句倒装;
eg:
Onlyinthiswaycanyouusethecomputerwell.(only+介词短语)
Onlyyesterdaydidhefindoutthathiswatchwasmissing.(only+副词)
Onlywhenitbegantoraindidhefinishhisjob.(only+状语从句)
3.so用在句首,表示另一主语“也。
。
。
样”时,用“So+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构;而表示另一主语“也不。
。
。
样”时,用“Nor\Neither+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语”结构;注意:
若是对上文同一主语的情况进行强调时,不倒装。
句型为“So+主语+be或do(did)/have”。
Hewenttoschoolyesterday,sodidI.
---Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.--Sohehas,andsohaveyou.
Hehasn'tfinishedhishomework,andnorhaveI.特别注意:
Ifyouwon'tgo,neither/norwillI.
4.as作“尽管/虽然”,引导让步状语从句(as可以换成though),由于语法需要,需要部分倒装。
Shortestas/thoughsheis,sheisnotthefattest.(倒装后,最高级前不用冠词)
Childasheis,heknowsalot.(倒装后,单数名词前不用a)
FailasIdid,Iwouldtryagain.(倒装后,实义动词提前,在主语后添加助动词。
)
Hardashetried,hedidn'tpasstheexam.(副词提到句首)
注意:
though位于句首引导让步状语从句时,可以倒装,也可以不倒装。
但as引导让步状语从句时,必须使用倒装。
否则就变成了原因状语从句。
eg:
Asheistooyoung,hecouldn'tgotoschool.
5.在”so…that…”和”such…that…”引导的结果状语从句中,当so和such位于句首时,用”so\such+...+部分谓语+主语+...”;
Sodifficultwastheexamthatmostofthestudentsfailedtopassit.
=Theexamwassodifficultthatmostofthestudentsfailedtopassit.
6.若if引导的虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可将if省略,把were,had,should放在句首。
1)Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotplaybasketball.
=Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotplaybasketball.
2)HadIpreparedwell,Icouldn'thavelostthejob.
=IfIhadpreparedwell,Icouldn'thavelostthejob.
3)Werehetocometomorrow,Iwouldgotomeethimattheairport.
=Ifheweretocometomorrow,Iwouldgotomeethimattheairport.
倒装句练习题
1.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized
2.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.
A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou
3.Ifyoudon'tgo,neither____.A.shallIB.doIC.IdoD.Ishall
4.Nosooner____tothestation____thetrainleft.
A.hadIgot,whenB.Ihadgot,thanC.hadIgot,thanD.didIget,when
5.—Yourfatherisverystrictwithyou.—_____Heneverletsoffasinglemistakeofours.
A.SoheisB.SoisheC.HeissoD.Sodoeshe
6.____today,hewouldgettherebySunday.
A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleave
7.Neverinmylife____suchathing.
A.IhaveheardorhaveseenB.haveIheardorseenC.IhaveheardorseenD.didIhearorsee
8.——Here____!
WhereisXiaoLiu?
There____.
A.comesthebus,isheB.comesthebus,heisC.thebuscomes,isheD.thebuscomes,heis
9.____,Iwillnotbuyit.
A.MuchasdoIlikeitB.AsmuchIlikeitC.MuchasIlikeitD.AsIlikeitmuch
10.——Ilikefootball.Idon'tlikevolleyball.____.
A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.SoitiswithmeD.Soisitwithme
11._____theexpense,I_____toItaly.
A.Ifitwerenot,goB.Wereitnotfor\wouldgoC.Weren'titfor\willgoD.Ifithadn'tbeen\wouldhavegone
12.So_____inthedarknessthathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.
A.hewasfrightenedB.washefrightenedC.frightenedhewasD.frightenedwashe
13.--Inmodemtimes,girlslikebeautifulclothes.
--Yes,_____and_____Afterall,ourlifehasgreatlyimproved.
A.sodothey,sodoyouB.sotheydo,soyoudoC.sodothey,soyoudoD.sotheydo,sodoyou
14.——YouhaveanEnglishclasseverydayexceptSunday._____.
A.SowehaveB.SowedoC.SohaveweD.Sodowe
15.Iwonderifyourwifewillgototheball.Ifyourwife_____,so_____mine.
A.does,willB.will,doesC.will,wouldD.does,do
16.OnlyafterIreadthetextoveragain_____itsmainidea.
A.thatIknewB.didIknewC.1couldknowD.Ididknow
17--YouseemtohavelearnedalltheEnglishwordsbyheart.--_____.
A.SoldoB.SodolC.SoIhaveD.SohaveI
18.--IseldomwatchTV,butlistentotheradioalot.--_____.
A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.ImthesameD.Soitiswithme
19.Soexcited_____thathecouldn'tsayaword.
A.heseemedB.didheseemC.washeseemingD.hedidlook
20.Jimmywassonervousnotasingleword_____downinthedictation.
A.hewroteB.hewaswrittenC.didhewriteD.washewritten
21.Little______when1tookthetripwhereitwouldleadme.
A.haveIknownB.hadIknownC.do1knowD.didIknow
22.--Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore?
----____.
A.No,IneverhaveseenanythinglikethatbeforeB.No,neverIhaveseenanythinglikethatbefore
C.No,neverhave1seenanythinglikethatbeforeD.No,Ihaveseenanythinglikethatbeforenever
23._____,1wouldaccepttheinvitationandgototheparty.
A.WereIyouB.WasIyouC.HadIbeenyouD.Would1beyou
24.Youshouldworkless_____.
A.andneithershouldIB.andsoshouldIC.andnorshouldID.andsoIshould
25._____andcaughtthemouse.
A.UpthecatjumpedB.ThecatupjumpedC.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat
26.Notonly_____apromise,butalsohekeptit.
A.didhemakeB.hemadeC.doeshemakeD.hashemade
27.Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears._____.
A.SoishisauntB.SohashisauntC.SohisauntdoesD.Soitiswithhisaunt
28.Notonce_____theirplan.
A.didtheychangeB.theychangedC.changedtheyD.theydidchange
29.--DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?
--Idon'tknow,and______.
A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso
30.Notuntilhearrivedhome_____hefindthatthiswallethadbeenstolen.
A.didB.wouldC.whenD.that
31.--Thisisoneoftheoldesttreesintheworld._____suchabigtree.
A.NeverIhaveseenB.Ihaven'tneverseenC.NeverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseennever
32.Nowhereelseintheworld_____cheapertailoring(裁缝业,成衣业)thaninHongKong.
A.atouristcanfindB.canatouristfindC.atouristwillfindD.atouristhasfound
33._____succeedindoinganything.
A.OnlybyworkinghardwecanB.Byonlyworkinghardwecan
C.OnlywecanbyworkinghardD.Onlybyworkinghardcanwe
34._____thatweallwentout,lyinginthesun.
A.SofinewastheweatherB.SowasthefineweatherC.TheweatherwassofinewasD.Sotheweatherwastine
35.