高考英语语法专题复习讲义非谓语动词Word格式文档下载.docx
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Theaccusedhavebeenacquitted.
Thewoundedwerelefthiddeninthatvillage.
这种用法时，谓语一般用复数动词，但在上下文明确时也可能用于指一类中的个别，用单数动词。
Thedeceasedishisfather.
Thewoundedisapoliceman.
2.宾语
过去分词前加上定冠词可用作宾语，也表示一个类别的人（事物）。
Everyoneinoursocietyshouldrespectandhelpthedisabled.
Listentothevoiceoftheoppressed.
3．表语
Theboyswereastonished.
Thedoorremainedlocked.
Theyseemedworried.
Heiswellknowntousall.
4．定语
4.1前置定语由单个分词充当
Thebrokenglassisstilllyingonthetable.
Thefrightenedgirlwastremblingwhenthepolicearrived.
Thissortofpeopleseemsnottobeabletoliveinthechangedworld.
Heonlycollectsusedstamps.
ThisphraseisoftenusedinspokenEnglish.
Agrownboyisaboywhohasphysicallyandmentallygrownup.
Therisensunisthesunthathasrisenhigh.
Thatwasaman-madesatellite.
Hesenttheyhisnewly-inventeddevices.
4.2后置定语由分词短语充当
ShewasreadinganovelwrittenbyDickens.
Heworksandlivesinaschoolsurroundedbygreentrees.
Thepeopletrappedinthebigfirewererescuedbythefirefighterswithahelicopter.
Theradioboughtinyourshopdoesn'
tworkwell.
TheBrailleisalanguageusedfortheblind.
偶尔也有单个分词作后置定语的情况。
Thingsseenaremightierthanthingsheard.
有时单个分词作前置定语与作后置定语的意义不同。
Thecarusedwasastolenone.（Thecarwhichwasusedatthetime…）
Theusedcarwasstillinthegarage.（Theoldcarwhichdidn'
tworkwell…）
5．宾补
5.1在感觉/知动词后：
see,lookat,observe,hear,listento,think,find,imagine,feel,watch等。
Wefoundhimgreatlychanged.
Everyonethoughtthebattlelostexceptthegeneral.
Hefelthimselfcarriedontoacarriage.
IhaveneverheardasingleFrenchwordspokenbefore.
Theworstpartwaswatchingherwheeledawaytoanoperatingtheatrewhilewewaitedandstaredatthewalls.（CollinsGP1:
Verbs,P.308）
5.2在使役动词后：
make,have,get,keep,leave等。
HetriedtomakeyourselfunderstoodinhisbrokenEnglish.
Ihadmybadtoothpulledoutyesterday.
Lastmonththefamilygotanewhousebuilt.
It'
sveryimportantforyoutokeepyourparentsinformedofyoursituation.
Heleftthefooduntouchedandwentout.
5.3在意愿动词后：
like,need,want,order,wish等。
Hewon'
tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemeeting.
TheywerearrestedbyimmigrationofficialsonMondayjusthoursafteraHighCourtjudgehadorderedthemfreedfromdetention.（CollinsGP1:
Verbs,P.306）
Shecameintotheshopwithapackagesaying:
"
Idon'
tneeditchanged,onlyre-wrapped."
Thekingorderedthemagicclothwovenatonce.
Iwantthecaseinvestigatedfurthertomakeeverydetailclear.
6．状语
6.1方式和伴随情况（ofmanneroracpaniment）
Hewalkedaroundoutside,disturbedbythenews.
Theteacherwentout,followedbysomepupils.
Theoldmansatonthechair,lostinthought.
Threelargemenrushedoutofthehouse,armedwithgunsandknives.
Supportedbyagirl,theoldladygotoffthebus.
表示方式的asif和asthough可与过去分词连用。
Hewalkedbackasifhurtintheleg.
6.2条件（ofcondition）
Heatedtoahightemperature,waterchangesintovapor.
Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.
Criticizedbysomeoneelse,shecouldnothavegotsoangry.
Paintedwhite,thehousewillappearnicer.
表示条件的过去分词可与连词if和unless连用。
IwillnotgotoTom'
spartyunlessinvited.
lltelleverythingtothepoliceifquestionedaboutthat.
6.3原因和理由（ofreasonorcause）
Doneinahurry,Tom'
sexercisewasfullofmistakes.
Madeofglass,thetesttubesareeasytobreak.
Woundedbadly,hewassenttohospital.
Tiredwiththetrip,theywenttobedearly.
ShockedbythesuddenattackoftheGermanarmy,thePolandGovernmentwasatalosswhattodo.
表示原因的分词没有相应的连词可用。
但有人认为since有时可以接V-ed分词。
6.4时间（oftime）
Dismissedbythebossofthehotel,Johnnevergotajob.
Questionedbythepolice,themanwasverymuchafraid.
Carriedtowardsthehospitalthevictimdiedfrombleedingtoomuch.
表示时间的分词可以与when,while,once,whenever，until等连词连用，以使意义更为明确。
Whenaskedbytheteacher,hestoodupandmadenoanswer.
llneverspeaktoJackuntilspokentofirst.
Oncerecognized,wecannotavoidbeingcaught.
Wheneverneeded,Iwilletoyourhelp.
Thenecklacemustbereturnedtoyouwheneverfound.
6.5让步（ofconcession）
Badlywoundedintheleg,thesoldierrefusedtowithdraw.
Protectedby3fences,RobinsonCrusoestillfeltunsafe.
表示让步的分词可与though,although和evenif/though连用。
Thoughsurroundedfor5days,oursoldierswerenotdiscouraged.
Evenifnotinvited,hewentalongtotheeveningparty.
6.6地点（ofplace）
过去分词只有与where或wherever连用，才可以表示地点。
Ratsshouldbekilledwhereverfound.
Youngstudentsshouldgoandworkwhereneeded.
III.过去分词在独立结构中的使用
Ourhousepaintedwhite,welikeitbetter.
Allthingsconsidered,theysettowork.
Thekeytothehouseleftintheoffice,hehadtofetchit.
Theconferencefinished,Mr.Brownhurriedhomedirectly
基础考点汇总：
1.动词-ing形式在句中可以做主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语和宾补。
具体用法参看课本P108.
2.动词不定式在句中除了不能做谓语外，可以充当任何成分。
根据提示完成下列句子。
1.—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？
—__________hernewbicycle．（lose）
2.________newwordsisveryusefultome.学习生词对我很有用。
3.Wouldyoumind______________________?
打开窗户好吗？
4.___________thegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.听到这个好消息，他高兴得跳了起来。
5.___________________this,thewomanscientistexpressedhersatisfaction.听到这一点，那位女科学家表示满意。
6.Itisnouse__________________（让他来帮忙）.（ask）
7.Haveyou__________________（读完了）thebook?
（finish）
8.Mydoctoradvised__________________（多锻炼）.（take）
9.Thisproblem__________________（需要思考）carefully.（need）
10.________________（乘火车来北京）takesabout3hours.（e）
11.Wouldyou__________________（介意我打开）thewindow?
（mind）
12.Iapologizefor__________________（没有遵守）mypromise.（keep）
13.Annhasbeen__________________（期望来到）Chinaforalongtime.（look）
14.Thebusstopped___________________passengers车停下来以便接乘客。
15.Ihavenothing____________onthisquestion.对这个问题我无可奉告。
巩固强化练习：
1.AsI'
llbeawayforatleastayear,I'
dappreciate________nowandthentellingmehoweveryoneisgettingalong.
A.hearing
B.tohear
C.tobehearing
D.havingheard
2.Theteacherdidn’tfeellike______themonthespot.
A.correct
B.correcting
C.tocorrect
D.corrected
3.Withtheoldman________theway,wehadnotroublein________thatcave.
A.leads,find
B.leading,finding
C.led,tofind
D.wasleading,found
4.Iremember__________forthejob,butIforgettheexactamount.
A.topay
B.paying
C.tohavepaid
D.beingpaid
5.Hewasseen___________out.
A.go
B.togo
C.went
D.goes
6.Hehasn’tgotused________inthecountryside.
A.live
B.tolive
C.toliving
D.living
7.Wedon’tallow________inthelectureroom.
A.tosmoke
B.smoke
C.smoking
D.tosmoking
8.I’mlookingforwardto__________fromyousoon.
A.hear
B.heard
C.hearing
D.beingheard
9.Shedoesn’tmind_________athomealonethoughshemayfeellonely.
A.leave
B.beingleft
C.leaving
D.tobeleft
10.Peoplefromallthecornerscametothecity,__________itverycrowded.
A.tomake
B.andmaking
C.made
D.making
11.________allthetimeisthekeyto_________progressinEnglish.
A.Practise,making
B.Topractise,making
C.Practise,make
D.Topractise,make
12.Onlyoneofthesebooksis____________.
A.worthtoread
B.worthbeingread
C.worthofreading
D.worthreading
13.________isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.
A.Thewalk
B.Walking
C.Towalk
D.Walk
14.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_________onabigrockbythesideofthepath.
A.tohaverested
B.resting
C.torest
D.rest
15._________areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.
A.Notreceiving
B.Receivingnot
C.Nothavingreceived
D.Havingnotreceived
16.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,________itthepopularsportintheworld.
A.making
B.makes
D.tomake
17.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand__________them.
A.correct
C.corrects
D.tocorrect
18.__________atthedoorbeforeenteringplease.
A.Knocked
B.Toknock
C.Knocking
D.Knock
19.________suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetoclean
uptheriver.
A.Havingsuffered
B.Suffering
C.Tosuffer
D.Suffered
20.Hesentmean-email,__________togetfurtherinformation.
A.hoped
B.hoping
C.tohope
D.hope
21.Tonywasveryunhappyfor________totheparty.
A.havingnotbeeninvited
B.nothavinginvited
C.havingnotinvited
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