英语专业论文.docx

英语专业论文.docx

《英语专业论文.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语专业论文.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

英语专业论文

单位代码10642密级公开学号

学士学位论文

从语言和文化角度浅析中式英语

论文作者：

指导教师：

学科专业：

英语专业（英语商贸）

提交论文日期：

2013年11月25日

论文答辩日期：

2013年12月19日

学位授予单位：

中国重庆

2013年12月

BAThesis

ChongqingUniversityofArtsandSciences

AnalysisofChinglishBasedonLanguageandCulture

BACandidate:

Supervisor:

Major:

English

SchoolofForeignLanguages

ChongqingUniversityofArtsandSciences

December2013

Contents

中文摘要Ⅰ

AbstractⅡ

1.Introduction1

2.Chinglish1

2.1DefinitionofChinglish1

2.2CharacterristicsofChinglish2

2.2.1CollocationAbuse2

2.2.2ModifierOveruse3

2.2.3PartsofSpeechAbuse3

3.CausesofChinglish3

3.1MotherTongueDistraction3

3.2LanguageandCultureDiversity4

3.3MoralValue6

4.WaystoAvoidChinglish7

4.1WatchingEnglishMoviesandTVDramaPrograms7

4.2CommunicatingwithForeigners7

4.3PracticingReading,WritingandSpeaking7

4.4UsingDictionaries8

5.Conclusion8

References10

Acknowledgements11

摘要

中式英语是一种不符合规范或者说是不合英语文化的畸形英语，主要是受汉语习惯的干扰，是母语的负迁移的结果。

为了很好的避免中式英语，英语学习者应该养成看英语电影的习惯，多与外国人交流，学习西方文化，同时他们还应该多读多听多写英语，从而克服母语带来的负迁移。

本文首先探讨了中式英语的定义，然后从语言和文化层面分析引起中式英语的原因，最后，还介绍了一些方法，以帮助减少或者解决中式英语的形成。

关键词：

中式英语；母语负迁移;语言和文化差异

Abstract

Chinglishismisshapen,hybridlanguagethatisneitherEnglishnorChinesebutthatmightbedescribedasEnglishwithChinesecharacteristic.Itiscausedbymothertonguedistraction.ToavoidChinglish,EnglishlearnersshouldformahabitofwatchingEnglishmovies,communicatingwithnativesspeakers,learningwesternculture.Atthesametime,theyshoulddosomelistening,writingandspeakingexercisesconsciously.TheresearchexploresChineseEnglishfromthelevelofdefinition.ThentheauthoranalyzesthecauseofChinglishfromtheleveloflanguageandculture.Inaddition,theauthoralsointroducessomemethodstoreduceoreveneliminateChinglish.

KeyWords:

Chinglish,MotherTongueDistraction,LanguageandCultureDiversity

AnalysisofChinglishBasedonLanguageandCulture

1.Introduction

Languageisatoolofcommunication.It’swell-knownthatEnglishisthemostwidelyusedlanguageintheworld.Inthecontemporarysocietyithasplayedanessentialroleasabridgetocontributetoexchangeamongcountries.AccordingtoDavidCrystal’sstatistics（2001,p.61）,thereare450millionpeoplewhosemothertongueisEnglishand350millionpeopletakingEnglishasthesecondlanguage.SincethepolicyofreformandopeningputforwardinChina,thereareanincreasingnumberofChinesestartingtolearnandspeakEnglish.TheprocessofEnglishlearningisquitedifferent,becauseEnglishisnotthemajorcourseformostChineseEnglishlearners.AlthoughmanylearnershavestudiedEnglishforsixorsevenyearsevenmore,theycannotspeakorwriteEnglishasnativespeakersandtheyoftenmakeChinglishmistakesincommunicating.Infact,thosepeoplewholearnEnglisharelearningasortofcommunicationskills.However,itisalwaysaheadachethatmostChinesepeoplecannotuseEnglishasnativespeakers.TheEnglishtheyoftenuseisregardedasChineseEnglishorChinglish,whichiscausedbymothertonguedistractionaswellascultureandmoralvalue.ThisphenomenonofChinglishisverynormalamongChineseEnglishlearnersandcausesmuchmisunderstandingbetweenthem.Forthesakeofmendingthissituation,thisthesisistryingtoanalyzevariouslinguisticandculturalfeaturesofChinglishandtoexplorethecausesfortheformationofit.LinguistshavestudiedChinglishbothathomeandabroadformanyyears.However,theiremphasisonthestudyofChinglishisscatteringinmanyareas.ThisthesisexploresChineseEnglishfromthelevelofdefinitionandanalyzesthecauseofChinglishfromtheleveloflanguageandculture.Finally,theauthorgivessomewaystoavoidChinglish.OnlyinthiswaycanChineseEnglishlearnersuseEnglishasnativespeakers.

2.Chinglish

2.1DefinitionofChinglish

WhatisChinglish?

Therearesomedefinitionsaboutit.Chinglishismisshapen,hybridlanguagethatisneitherEnglishnorChinesebutthatmightbedescribedasEnglishwithChinesecharacteristic（JoanP.J.,2007:

p.67）.ThiskindofEnglishexistsaroundusandhasbeenoneoftheproblemstobesolved.“Alanguagewithamarkedlyreducedgrammaticalstructure,lexiconandstylisticrange,comparedwithotherlanguage,whichisnativelanguageofnoone.”（Bright,William,1992:

p.25）.ChinglishisaportmanteauofChineseandEnglish,andreferstospokenorwrittenEnglishlanguagethatisinfluencedbytheChineselanguage.Thetermof“Chinglish”iscommonlyappliedtoungrammaticalornonsensicalEnglishinChinesecontexts,andmayhavepejorativeordeprecatingconnotations（http:

//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinglish）.ChinglishisspeechorwritingthatshowstheinterferenceoftheinfluenceofChinese.SomesentencesmaybemoreorlesswordforwordtranslationofChineseexpressions.Chinglishmaybecorrectfromthelevelofgrammatically,butthechoiceofwordsorphrasesandthemannerofexpressionsdonotconformtoStandardEnglishusage.Althoughunderstandingmaynotbeaproblem,Chinglishisunacceptable（Deng,Y.C.,1989:

p.53）.ChinglishisawkwardEnglishthatsomepeoplewhohavenotmasteredidiomaticEnglish（Jia,D.L.,1990:

p.78）.Fromthesedefinitions,wecandiscoverthatthemaincauseofChinglishistheinterferenceofmothertongue.

Inthispaper,Chinglishisaculturalphenomenon,inwhichChineseandEnglisharemixedup.Chinglishiscausedbymothertonguedistraction.ToavoidChinglish,EnglishlearnersshouldformahabitofwatchingEnglishmovie,communicatingwithnativespeakers,learningwesternculture.Atthesametime,theyshoulddosomelistening,writingandspeakingexercisesconsciously.Formanyyears,linguistshavestudiedChinglishbothathomeandabroad.However,theystressChinglishstudyshouldbescatteredinmanyfields.

2.2CharacteristicsofChinglish

2.2.1CollocationAbuse

BothChineseandEnglishhaverulesofcollocations,especiallynoun-verb,noun-adjectivematching.Forexample,wesaytheroomforworkingorreadingiscalledstudyroominsteadofbookroom.Wesayrevolutionarysuccessorratherthansuccessortotherevolution.Whenwewereyoung,wewenttoschooltogainknowledgeratherthanstudyknowledge.Moreexamples,

取得成就

Makeachievements.（Chinglish）

Attainachievements.（StandardEnglish）

来信写道

Theletterwrites.（Chinglish）

Theletterreads.（StandardEnglish）

请勿打扰：

Don’tBother.（Chinglish）

DoNotDisturb.（StandardEnglish）

管弦乐:

Tubeinstrument.（Chinglish）

Windinstrument.（StandardEnglish）

2.2.2ModifierOveruse

Toomanymodifiersadoptedtoemphasizesomething’sfeaturesorsomeone’sattitudecanleadtowordsredundancy.Forexample,theoveruseof“very”,therepetitionofadjectiveswithsimilarmeaning,“Completelysmash”（彻底粉碎）,theoriginalmeaningof“smash”isbreakcompletely;“completelyconquer”（完全征服）,however“conquer”ispossibletobe“partly”;“Agreathistoricchange”,“historic”equals“great”tosomeextent.

2.2.3PartsofSpeechAbuse

Duetomechanicaltranslation,thesentencesarepiledupbyastringofwordswithcorrespondingmeaningregardlessofpartofspeech.Forinstance,

“Goodgoodstudy,daydayup.”（好好学习，天天向上）

“Whoafraidwho!

”（谁怕谁啊）

“Thestrength,prosperityanddevelopmentofChinawillposenothreattoanycountries.”（中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁）

3.CausesofChinglish

3.1MotherTongueDistraction

Languagemigrationincludesnegativetransferoftargetlanguageandnegativetransferofmothertongue.Negativetransferofmothertonguereferstotheuseofthemothertongue’sthinkingmodeintargetlanguage.Chinesereflectsthiskindofphenomenonofnegativetransferofmothertongue.NotallthemistakesthatChinesestudentsmakeintheprocessoflearningEnglisharetoblameforthenegativetransferofChinese.Apartofthemistakesowetothenegativetransferoftargetlanguage.Ladocameupwith“ContrastiveAnalysis”in1957（Mao,Y.Y.,1998:

p.13）.Ithadcomparedthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenmothertongueandobjectlanguage.Heprovedthattherearesomesimilaritiesbetweenthetwolanguages.Thelearner’snativelanguagewillproducepositivetransfertothetargetlanguage,thentherewillbelessdifficultiesinthestudyoftargetlanguage.ProfessorWangNongshengsumsupthatthecontinuingemergenceofnewwordswithChinesecharacteristic,inappropriatecollocation,superfluousmodifiersandmisuseofpersonificationareallcausesforChinglish（Wang,N.S.,2000:

p.31-35）.

BeforelearningEnglish,wehavelearnedChineseformanyyearsandformedaChinesethinkingpattern.IntheprocessofEnglishlearning,ChinesestudentsareaccustomedtoaddingnativelanguagetoEnglishlearning,whichleadsto“ChineseEnglish”or“Chinglish”.Thiskindof“bilateral”EnglishwhichisaffectedbyChinesethinkingmodeisakindofabnormallanguage.Theconsequenceofcommunicating,whichmakesbothChineseusersandStandardEnglishspeakerscannotunderstandeachother.ItrefersthatChineseusersandStandardEnglishspeakersareinterferedbymothertongue.InTheTranslator’sGuidetoChinglish,JoanPinkhamputsforwardauthenticexamplesofChinglish.Forexample,Chineselearnersoftentranslate“生活水平不断提高”into“livingstandardsforthepeoplecontinuedtorise”.Asamatteroffact,“forthepeople”isneedless.AlthoughChinglishsometimescanbeunderstood,itisstillunacceptable.So,intheprocessofEnglishlearning,weshouldthinkourselvesasnativespeakers.ToavoidvariousformsofChinglish,itwouldbeagoodchoicetoaccumulatemoreEnglishidioms.

Let’sseesometypicalChinglishsentencessuchasNoentryonpea