新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详细讲解文档格式.docx
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promisesolemnlytogive<
support,etc>
;
give<
one'
sword,honour,etc>
asapledge保证给予〔支持等;
以〔誓言﹑名誉等作担保:
pledgeloyaltytotheking发誓效忠国王
bepledgedtokeepingasecret誓守秘密.
~sb/oneself<
tosth/todosth>
promisesolemnlythatsb/onewilldosthorsupportacause,etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等
TheGovernmenthaspledgeditselftosendaidtothefaminevictims.政府已承诺赈济饥民.
[Tn]leave<
sth>
withsbasapledge典当〔某物:
He'
spledgedhismother'
sweddingring.
[Tn]<
drinktothehealthof<
sb>
toast<
为〔某人的健康祝酒;
向〔某人祝酒:
pledgethebride〔新娘andbridegroom〔新郎
4.rewardingadjgivingyousatisfaction,pleasure,orprofit值得的；
有意义的；
有回报的
Ourjourneytotheorphanage<
孤儿院>
wasaveryrewardingexperience.
Antonym:
unrewarding
Synonym:
satisfying
5.as...aspossibleas+adj/adv+as;
as+adj+n+as尽力做某事的意思
Wehavetorunasfastaspossible.
Canyousayitasloudlyaspossible?
Ihopeyou’llstayaslongaspossible.
Weneedasmanyapplesaspossible.
Youmustcomebackassoonaspossible.
Wordformationnote:
adjsuffix-ing
1.-ing加在某些transitiveverb后,构成adj,主要用于表示事物的性质或特征,或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。
这类词包括welcoming,charming,discouraging,disgusting,frightening,alarming,surprising等。
例如：
awelcomingsmile热情的微笑
acharminghouseontheoutskirtsofthetown在城镇郊外的一栋漂亮的房子
analarmingincreaseinhousingprice房价的惊人增长
Asurprisingnumberofmenstaybachelors.有相当多的男子仍然是单身。
2.-ing加在intransitiveverb之后,构成adj,表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状态。
arecurringproblem反复出现的问题
hisagingmother他那日渐苍老的母亲
Heworehishairintheprevailingfashion.他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。
Paraphrase
1Yourachievementisthetriumphofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.
Meaning:
Yourenteringthisuniversityisanimportantsuccess.Thissuccessisduetomanyyearsofyourhardwork,andmanyyearsofyourparents’andteachers’hardwork.
2Hereattheuniversity,wepledgetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.
Hereattheuniversity,wepromisetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasworthwhileaspossible.
2.Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme."
Posenaturally,"
Mominstructedus."
Wait!
"
saidDad,"
Let'
stakeapictureofmehandinghimanalarmclock."
Theclockwokemeupeverymorningincollege.Itisstillonmyofficedesk.
在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。
妈妈吩咐我们：
姿势自然点。
"
等一等,"
爸爸说,"
把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。
在大学期间,那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。
至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。
1.remindvinform<
ofafactortell<
todosthhemayhaveforgotten提醒:
DoIhavetoremindyouyetagain?
Remindmetoanswerthatletter.
~sbofsb/sthcausesbtorememberorbenewlyawareofsb/sth使某人回想起或意识到某人[某事物]:
Heremindsmeofhisbrother.
ThissongremindsmeofFrance.
remindernsth.thatmakesyounotice,remember,orthinkaboutsth.起提醒作用的东西
Thecoldservedasareminderthatwinterwasn’tquitefinished.
Thewaiterswereclearingthetables,whichservedasareminderthatitwastimetoleave.
2.posev
a>
[I,Ipr]~<
forsb>
sitorstandinaparticularpositioninordertobepainted,drawnorphotographed摆好姿势〔以便画像或拍照:
Hehadtoposewearingalaurelwreath.他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势.*
<
b>
[Tn]put<
inaparticularpositioninordertopaint,draworphotographhim使〔某人摆好姿势〔以便画像或拍照:
Theartistposedhismodelcarefully.那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.
[I]<
derog贬>
behaveinanunnaturaloraffectedwayinordertoimpresspeople装腔作势:
Stopposingandtelluswhatyoureallythink.别装蒜啦,告诉我们你的真实想法吧.
posen
1positioninwhichapersonposesorisposed<
pose1b>
〔为画像或拍照而摆的姿势,姿态:
Sheadoptedanelegantpose.她摆了一个优美的姿势.
2<
unnaturaloraffectedwayofbehaving,intendedtoimpresspeople装腔作势的举动:
Hisconcernforthepoorisonlyapose.他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了.
1Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.<
Para.2>
WhenIamwelcomingyoutothisuniversity,somethingIrememberismyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotomymomtookofmydadandme.
3Letmesharewithyousomethingthatyoumaynotexpect.Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparents'
reminderstoworkhardandattainyourbest.Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!
Butknowthis:
Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.
让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。
你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯,怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。
你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣,你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！
但是要记住：
未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。
1.routinen[C,U]fixedandregularwayofdoingthings程序;
公事;
常规:
Shefounditdifficulttoestablishanewroutineafterretirement.
dosthasamatterofroutine按常规办事
[attrib作定语]routinetasks,chores,duties,etc日常工作﹑日常事务﹑例行职责.
[C]setsequenceofmovementsinadanceorsomeotherperformance舞蹈等表演的成套动作:
gothroughadanceroutine做一套舞蹈动作.
routineadjusual;
habitual;
regular通常的;
惯例的;
例行的:
theroutineprocedure例行手续*
routinemaintenance定期的保养*
routinelyadv.
2.attainv[Tn]succeedingetting<
achieve
attainapositionofpower获得权位
attainone'
sgoal,objective,ambition,etc
attainourtargetof50000达到我们的50000英镑的目标.
attainableadjthatcanbeattained
Theseobjectivesarecertainlyattainable.
attainmentn[U]successinreaching达到;
到达:
Theattainmentofherambitionswasstilladream.她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想.
[Cusupl]thingattained,espskillorknowledge成就;
造诣:
ascholarofthehighestattainments造诣极高的学者.
3.finishedadj[pred]<
notbeforenoun>
nolongerdoing,dealingwith,orusingsth.
~<
withsb/sth>
infml口>
Iwon'
tbefinishedforanotherhour.我还有一个小时才能完事.
Areyoufinishedwithmytoolsyet?
我的工具你用完了吗？
Shedecidedshewasfinishedwithworkingforothers.她决定不再为别人做事.
4.mayhavedonesth.:
usedfortalkingaboutpastpossibilities
Shemighthavechangedhermindanddecidednottocome.
5.foundationn
[U]actoffounding<
aninstitution,organization,etc>
建立,创立,创办:
thefoundationoftheuniversity
[C]<
organizationsetuptoprovide>
sumsofmoneyforresearch,charity,etc〔为研究﹑慈善事业等提供的基金,基金会:
Youmaybeabletogetsupportfromanartsfoundation.
[Cusupl]layerofbricks,concrete,etcformingthesolidbaseofabuildingunderground地基;
房基;
基础:
laythefoundationsofabuilding给建筑物奠基
[C,U]principle,ideaorfactonwhichsthisbased;
basis〔作为某事的基本原则﹑思想或事实;
laythefoundationsofone'
scareer奠定个人事业的基础*
Thatrumorhasnofoundation.那谣言没有事实根据.
Grammar
一、情态动词用于对现在内容推测的常见句型有：
1、Can/maydosth：
表示对现在内容的可能性的推测；
2、Mustdosth：
表示对现在内容的肯定性的推测。
二、情态动词用于对过去内容推荐的常见句型：
1、can/mayhavedonesth：
表示对过去内容的可能性；
2、musthavedonesth：
表示对过去内容的肯定性的推测。
例：
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswet.
Hemayhavegotlost.
MrGreenmusthavefailedtoreceivemyletter,otherwisehewouldhavereplied.
Ibelievehemusthavehadanaccident,otherwisehewouldhavearrivedontime.
Collocationnote:
1．do是最常见的表示"
做"
的动词。
e.g.TodayIhavealotofworktodo.
2．do常常和表示锻炼或劳动等方面的名词或动名词连用。
e.g.dophysicalexercise/thedishes/one’scooking
1.Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparents’reminderstoworkhardandattainyourbest.<
Para.3>
Youwillmissyourusuallifepatternsandyourparents’remindingwordsthatyoushouldworkhardandachievethebestyoucan.
2.Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!
Perhapsyouweresohappythatyoucriedbecauseatlastyoufinishedhighschool,andperhapsyourparentsweresohappythattheycriedbecauseeventuallytheywouldn’thavetodoyourlaundryanymore!
Note:
Payattentiontothehumorthepresidentcreatesbycontrastingthedifferentresponsesfromchildrenandtheirparents—theyallcried,butfordifferentreasons!
3.Butknowthis:
Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.<
Butyoushouldknowthatyourfuturecanonlybeattainedwhenitisbuiltonasolidpast.
4Foryou,thesenextfouryearswillbeatimeunlikeanyother.Hereyouaresurroundedbygreatresources:
interestingstudentsfromalloverthecountry,alearnedandcaringfaculty,acomprehensivelibrary,greatsportsfacilities,andstudentorganizationscoveringeverypossibleinterest—fromtheartstoscience,tocommunityserviceandsoon.Youwillhavethefreedomtoexploreandlearnaboutnewsubjects.Youwilllearntogetbyonverylittlesleep,meetfascinatingpeople,andpursuenewpassions.Iwanttoencourageyoutomakethemostofthisuniqueexperience,andtouseyourenergyandenthusiasmtoreapthebenefitsofthisopportunity.
对你们而言,接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一
升级会员 