高中英语阅读理解科技类三.doc

高中英语阅读理解科技类三.doc

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高中英语阅读理解科技类三

Imagine，oneday，gettingoutofbedinBeijingandbeingatyourofficeinShanghaiinonlyacoupleofhours，andthen，afterafulldayofwork，goingbackhometoBeijingandhavingdinnerthere．

Soundsunusual，doesn'tit?

Butit'snotthatunrealistic，withthedevelopmentofChina’shigh—speedrailwaysystem．Andthat’snota11．Chinahasanevengreaterhigh—speedrailwayplan—toconnectthecountrywithSoutheastAsia，andeventuallyEasternEurope．

Chinaisnegotiatingtoextenditsownhigh·-speedrailwaynetworktoupto17countriesin10to15years，eventuallyreachingLondonandSingapore．

Chinahasproposedthreesuchprojects．ThefirstwouldpossiblyconnectKunmingwithSingaporeviaVietnamandMalaysia．AnothercouldstartinUrumqiandgothroughKazakhstanandUzbekistan，andpossiblytoGermany．ThethirdwouldstartinthenortheastandgonorththroughRussiaandthenintoWesternEurope．

IfChina’splanforthehigh-speedrailwaygoesforward，peoplecouldzipoverfromLondontoBeijinginundertwodays．

ThenewsystemwouldstillfollowChina’shigh—speedrailwaystandard．Andthetrainswouldbeabletogo346kilometersanhour，almostasfastassomeairplanes．

China’sbullettrain（高速客车），theoneconnectingWuhantoGuangzhou，alreadyhasthe

World’sfastestaveragespeed．Itcovers1,069kilometersinaboutthreehours．

Ofcourse，therearesometechnicalchallengestoovercome．Therearesomanyissuesthatneedtobesettled，suchassafety，railgauge（轨距），maintenanceofrailwaytracks．So，it’simportanttopayattentiontoeverydetail．

Butthekeyissueisreallymoney．Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofyuanon

domesticrailwayexpansion．

Chinaprefersthattheothercountriespayinnaturalresourcesratherthanwithcapital

investment．ResourcesfromthosecountriescouldstreamintoChinatosustaindevelopment．

It’11beawin-winproject.Forothercountries，therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness，tourismandsoon，nottomentionthebettercommunicationamongthosecountries．

ForChina，suchaprojectwouldnotonlyconnectitwiththerestofAsiaandbringsomemuch-neededresources，butwouldalsohelpdevelopChina’sfarwest．Weforeseethatinthecomingdecades，millionsofpeoplewillmigratetothewesternregions，wherethelandisemptyandresourcesunused．Withhigh-speedtrains，peoplewillsetupfactoriesandbusinesscentersinthewestonceandfora11．Andthey’11tradewithCentralAsianandEasternEuropeancountries．

67．China’snewhigh-speedrailwayplanwillbeawin-winprojectbecause．

A．Chinawillgetmuch-neededresourcesanddevelopitswesternregions

B．Chinaandthecountriesinvolvedwillbenefitfromtheprojectinvariousways

C．Chinawilldevelopitsrailwaysystemandcommunicationwithothercountries

D．theforeigncountriesinvolvedwilldeveloptheirrailwaytransportation，businessandtourism

68．Accordingtothepassage，thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis．A．technicalissuesB．safetyofthesystem

C．financialproblemsD．maintenanceofrailwaytracks

69．Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsChina’shigh-speed

railwayplan?

A．Critical．B．Reserved．C．DoubtfulD.Positive．

70．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．NewRailwayStandardsB．BigRailwayDreams

C．High—speedBulletTrainsD．InternationalRailwayNetwork

B

Haveyouevernoticedthecolorofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?

Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolor?

Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromthenearbyfields．

ComponentsofSoft

Soilismadeupofanumberoflayers（层），eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolorandtexture．Theupperlayerisknownasthelitter．Itactslikeablanket,limitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss．Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus（腐殖质），whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolor．Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrients，oxygen，andwater．Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoil，alayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter．Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus．Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock．

Soilformsfromthebottomup．Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrain,wind，frost,andsnow．Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering．Plantsbegintogrow，androttenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil．MostofthesoilinEasternCanada,forexample,wasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappearedl2,000yearsago．

WaterBeneaththeSoil

Surfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakes,ponds,andrivers．Onceinthesoilorrock，itiscalledgroundwater．Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation（渗透）．Eventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertable．Underthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolate．

Aswaterpercolatesdownward，itdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers．Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.

SoilpH

Soilcanbeacidic,neutral,orbasic．ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherock

fromwhichitwasformed,andbythenatureoftheplantsthatgrowandrotinit．

TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil．Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoal，oilandgasoline，humanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils．Whenfossilfuelsareburned,gasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain．Acidsoilincreasestheproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels．Asnutrientsareremoved，soilislessfertile．Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoil，andalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases．

67．Thelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalled．

A．1itterB．topsoilC．humusD．subsoil

68．Accordingtothetext．whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A．Soilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurface．

B．Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolorthanthesurfacesoil．

C．Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil．

D．Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth．

69．Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies．

A．betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB．inthesubsoillayerabovebedrock

C．betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrockD．inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil

70．Theunderlinedword“dissolve”isusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare．

A．rushedawayintotheriverB．cleanedandpurifiedbywater

C．destroyedandcarriedawaybywaterD．mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit

67.B68.C69.D70.B

67．B68．B69．C70．D