五种基本句型和句子成分Word格式.docx
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谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
study
for
people.
I
can
little
English.
reading
books.
He
gone
Beijing.
3、表语:
它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份、特征、属性或状态。
My
sister
nurse.
(名词)
Is
it
yours?
(代词)
weather
turned
cold.(形容词)
speech
exciting.(分词)
Three
times
seven
twenty
one?
(数词)
His
job
teach
English.(不定式)
hobbyis
playing
football.(动名词)
ruler
must
be
your
box.(介词短语)
Time
up.
over.(副词)
truth
that
he
never
abroad.(表语从句)
4、宾语:
宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后。
like
How
many
dictionaries
do
you
have?
five.(数词)
began
rain.(不定式短语)
enjoy
listening
popular
music.(动名词短语)
think(that)he
fit
his
office.(宾语从句)
5、宾补:
就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的。
father
named
him
David.(名词)
They
painted
their
boat
white.(形容词)
Let
fresh
air
in.(副词)
saw
her
entering
room.(现在分词)
found
everything
lab
good
order.(介词短语)
6、定语:
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
Guilin
beautiful
city.(形容词)
China
developing
country;
America
developed
country.(分词)
There
thirty
women
teachers
our
school.(名词)
progress(进步)in
made
us
surprised.(代词)
Our
monitor
always
first
enter
classroom.(不定式短语)
article
about
how
learn
English.(介词短语)
7、状语:
修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。
状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。
副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
lives
London.
Light
travels
most
quickly.(副词及副词性词组)
lived
city
ten
years.(介词短语)
sorry
trouble(麻烦)
you.(不定式短语)
room
making
model
plane.(分词短语)
Once(一旦)
begin,
continue.(状语从句)
状语种类如下:
meeting
again
at
six?
(时间状语)
Last
night
she
didn’t
go
dance
party
because
rain.(原因状语)
shall
there
if
doesn’t
rain.(条件状语)
Mr
Smith
on
third
floor.(地点状语)
She
put
eggs
into
basket
with
care.(方式状语)
came
dictionary
hand.(伴随状语)
In
order
catch
up
others,
work
harder.(目的状语)
was
so
tired
fell
asleep
immediately.(结果状语)
works
very
hard
though
old.(让步状语)
am
taller
than
is.(比较状语)
指出下列句子斜体部分是什么句子成分:
1.
got
school
bus.
2.
handed
me
newspaper.
3.
answer
question
after
class.
4.
train
swimmers.
5.
took
photos
palaces
Beijing.
6.
wish
scientist.
7.
wants
finish
time.
8.
Tom
ask
advice(建议).
9.
important
10.
Do
anything
else
say?
11.
Would
please
tell
address?
12.
sat
there,
13.
duty
keep
classroom
clean
tidy.
14.
noticed(注意到)
man
entereing
room.
15.
apples
tasted
sweet.
判断类型和句子成分:
came.
likes
happy.
teacher
asked
read
passage.
bought
book
me.
gave
John
book.
head
aches.
makes
mother
angry.
sun
shining.
enjoys
reading.
want
cup
tea.
ordered
herself
new
dress.
她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
cooked
husband
delicious
meal.
她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。
showed
my
pictures.
car
wash.
我洗了我的汽车。
run
machine.
他教我开机器。
What
think
so?
他怎么会这样想?
children
happily.
Greens
living
China.
became
famous
doctor.
他成为了一名著名的医生。
apple
pie
tastes
really
delicious.
苹果派吃起来真是好吃。
基本句型一:
S十V主谓结构
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词:
appear,
apologize,
arrive,
come,
die,
disappear,
fall,
happen,
rise,
如:
学生们学习很努力。
_____________________________________
基本句型二:
S十V十P主系表结构常见的系动词有:
be(是);
get(变得),
become(成为),
turn(变得),
look(看起来),
feel(感到),
smell(闻起来),
taste(尝起来),
sound(听起来),
seem(似乎)
A.
表示状态的连系动词。
这些词有:
be,
look,
seem,
smell,
taste,
sound,
keep,
remain,
等等。
1)
__________
any
我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。
2)
这种食物尝起来很糟糕。
_________________________________________________.
B.
表示转变或结果的系动词。
become,
get,
grow,
turn,
go,
prove,等等。
Spring
comes.
______________________________.
春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。
Don'
t
food.
_______________________________.不要吃那种食物,它已经变质了。
基本句型三:
S十V十O主谓宾结构
1)我昨天看了一部电影。
________________________________________________.
2)They
________
_________
children.这些孩子他们照看得很好。
基本句型四:
S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构
间接宾语前需要加to
的常用动词有:
bring,
give,
hand,
lend,
offer,
pass,
pay,
read,
sell,
send,
show,
teach,
wish,
write等。
间接宾语前需要加for
buy,
choose,
make,
order,
paint,
play(演奏),sing,等。
1)Yesterday
_______________
_____
____________
as
birthday
present.
昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
old
___
____
Long
March.
(正在给孩子们讲故事)
这种句型还可转换为:
动词
+
直接宾语
for/
sb.
3)
Please
show
picture.
==Please
_______
____.
请把你的画给我看一下。
4)
book.
=
_______the
book_____
_____.
我把书递给他。
基本句型五:
S十V十O十C
主谓宾补结构
此句型的句子的共同特点是:
动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。
call(叫),
choose(选),
find(发现),
name(命名)
1)Keep
________________________________,
please.
请让孩子们安静下来。
______
________.
他们把窗户漆成白色。
______.
我们必须保持我们的学校整洁。
soon.
他要我早点回来。
5)我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。
______________________________________________.
注意:
动词have,
let,
see,
hear,
notice,
feel,
watch等后面接动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。
6)The
boss
all
day.
(迫使他劳动)
7)
(他出去)。
考点突破训练
kept
you______
A
wait
B
C
waited
D
waiting
felt
somebody
me.
touch
touched
touches
taught
to
make
dream
coming
truly
come
true
comes
told
home.
habit
get
early.
its
Roses
bloom
smell
sweeten
sweetly
sweet
sweetness
wet
cold
C.
D.
were
A.
sweets
nicely
yesterday
morning.
lately
late
latest
latter
tired,
but
none
would
stop
take
rest.
We,
Us,
_____necessary
well.
dog
mad.
looks
looked
being
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