上海市2017高考英语试卷(精校)及参考答案.doc
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2017年上海高考英语真题试卷_上海市2017高考英语试卷及参考答案
第二部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Attendingcollegecanbeexpensive,andapplyingtocollegecanbecostlyaswell.Withtoday’scollegeapplicationfeesaveragingaround$80,youcanexpecttospendhundredsofdollarsoncollegebeforeyouareevenacceptedintoaschool.
Oneoftheeasiestwaystosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfeesbeforeyoubeginapplyingistonarrowdownyourlistofschools.Tosavemoney,trytolimittheschoolstowhichyouapplytoabout2-3reachschoolsand2-3safetyschools.
Atsomeschools,beingarelativeofagraduatecansecureyouafreeapplication.Ifyouareapplyingtoaschoolwhereoneofyourparentsorgrandparentsisaformergraduate,checktoseeifyou’requalifiedforit.
Researchthepreferredmethodofapplyingforeachschoolonyourlist.Someschoolsofferfreeonlineapplications,yetchargeafeeforpapersubmissions.Thisisbecauseonlineapplicationssaveschoolsthecostofemployingastaffmembertophysicallyentertheapplicationinformation.
Severalstates,suchasMichiganandNorthCarolina,takepartinCollegeApplicationWeek,wheremanyschoolsintheparticipatingstatescanceltheirapplicationfeefortheweek.BesuretocontacttheschoolstoIjwhichyouareapplyingtoseeiftheyparticipateinCollegeApplicationWeekandwhentheprogramtakesplaceinthatstate.
Applyforearlyadmission.Ifyouhavealreadydecidedonwhichcollegeisyourtopchoice,considerapplyingunderanEarlyActionorEarlyDecisionadmissionprogram.Ifyouareaccepted,youwon’thavetosubmitapplicationfeestootherschools.
Formoreinformationregardingcollegeapplicationsandthefeesassociatedwiththem,contactyourhighIschooladvisorortheadmissionsdepartmentatyourschool(s)ofinterest.
21.Thepassageismainlywrittento______.
A.introducefamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStales
B.showsomepracticalwaystoapplyanidealcollege
C.advertiseforsuccessfulapplicationsandadvisors
D.offertipstosavemoneyoncollegeapplicationfees
22.Whatdoestheauthoradvisetodointhesecondparagraph?
A.Writedownyourfavoriteuniversities.
B.Reducethenumberofyouruniversitychoices.
C.Applytotwouniversitieseachtime.
D.Mindyoursafetywhenapplyingtocollege.
23.Someschoolsofferfreeonlineapplicationto______,
A.receivefeesfasterthanbeforeB.employsomeoneelsetowork
C.cutdownthecostofemploymentD.entertheapplicationinformation
24.Itcanbeknownfromthepassagethat______,
A.applicationfeemightbecanceledconditionally
B.manycountriesattendCollegeApplicationWeek
C.applyingforearlyadmissionisthebestpolicy
D.admissiondepartmentsdetermineyourfuture
B
Everyyear,some6.9millionchildrenundertheageoffivediefromdiseaseslikemalaria,pneumoniaandHIV.Theuntoldstoryofchildsurvivalisthattheglobalcommunitynowhasthecombinedknowledge,technicalknow-howandaffordabletoolstoendsuchchilddeaths.Evidenceshowsthatitispossibletodecreaseunder-fivedeathratesindevelopingcountriestolevelsapproachingthoseinwealthiercountries.
Thatiswhy4yearsago—June,2012—theUS,EthiopiaandIndiajoinedtheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund(orUNICEF)tolaunchChildSurvivalCalltoAction,aglobalefforttosavechildren’slives.Thegoalwastolowerchilddeathratesinthehardest-hitcountriesto20deathsper1,000livebirthsbytheyear2035.
Zambiastartedaplanfocusedonnutritionandimmunization(免疫)thatwillsavemorethan26,000childreneachyear.Congoisdistributingpre-packagedsuppliestopreventandtreatthemostcommonkillers.Theyhopetosavethelivesofhalfamillionchildrenby2017.SimilareffortsaretakingplaceinEthiopia,Bangladesh,Yemen,andelsewhere.
ChildSurvivalpartnercompaniesarealsodevelopinglife-savingvaccines(疫苗)andtreatmentfordiarrhea.Privateenterprisersandmedicalprofessionalsaretrainingandequippinghealthworkersin54countrieswithlife-savingtools.Stillothersaredevelopinganddeliveringsafewatertreatmentandstorageproducts.
“Thishigh-levelforuminspiredaglobalmovement—CommittingtoChildSurvival:
APromiseRenewed,”wroteUNICEFExecutiveDirectorAnthonyLake.“Fouryearspassing,itcontinuestobuildand,today,174countriesandover400civilsocietyandfaith-basedorganizationshavetakenupthechargeintheirowncommitments.Whilewestillhavealongwaytogo,thefirst4yearshaveseenimpressivegains.”
25.Theunderlinedword“those”inParagraph1refersto______.
A.6.9millionunder-fivechildrenB.affordabletoolstoendchilddeath
C.deathsinthedevelopingcountriesD.deathratesofchildrenunderfive
26.ChildSurvivalCallToActionwasfoundedto______.
A.improvethelivingconditionsforpoorchildren
B.decreaseunder-fivedeathratesinsomecountries
C.raisesomemoneytosavechildren’slivesD.savechildreninthepoorestcountries
27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Alldiseasescanbepreventedortreated.
B.Governmentsandpartnersjoinedtheinitialeffort.
C.Nutritionholdsthekeytolowerthedeathrates.
D.Onlygovernmentsmadetheirbesttoreducethedeaths.
28.HowdoesAnthonyLakefeeltowardsChildSurvivalCalltoAction?
A.Time-consuming.B.Wasteful.C.Positive.D.Cold.
C
Howyoufeelandreacttoyourenvironmentonaday-to-daybasiscanbemeasuredbyyourbehavior,thoughts,andemotions.Yourpersonalitygivesyouaway!
Therearefourfundamentalcharacteristicsofpersonality.First,itisconstantandpeopletendtobehaveinthesamewaywhentheymeetsimilarsituations.Second,personalitynotonlyinfluencesactions,butitalsoactuallycausespeopletobehaveinspecificways.Third,personalityisinfluencedbybothpsychologicalandbiologicalfactors.Finally,personalityisexpressednotonlyinbehaviors,butthroughemotions,thoughts,socialbehavior,andcloserelationships.
Howtheworlddistinguishesyouisadirectreflectionofandreactiontohowyoupresentyourselftothem.Race,age,andsexarequalitiesyouhavenocontrolover,butcertainlycontributetoyourpersonalitybecauseofhowtheworldsensesyoubasedonthem.Apersonwhocontinuouslyexperiencesracialdiscriminationmayguardhimselfagainstitbyatfirstseemingcoldandunfriendly.Butonceheopensup,youmaydiscoversomeonecompletelydifferentinside.
Physicalones,whichyoudevelopovertime,alsocontributetoyourpersonality,andincludewalkingpace,eyecontact,andfacialexpressions.Howyouwanttheworldtoseeyouinfluenceshowyoupresentyourselftoothers.Characteristicssuchasaltitude,responseandgeneralmindsetcreatethesurfaceofyourone-of-a-kindpersonality.
Ifyou’relikemanypeople,theaspectsofyourpersonalityyouchoosetoshowmightdependonthepeopleyoumeet.Forinstance,thepersonalityyouexhibitaroundyourbossisprobablyalotdifferentfromthepersonalityyoushowtoyourclosestfriends.Alloftheseelementsmakeupthe“you”thatonlyyoutrulyknow.Andonlyyoucandecidewhentosharethesepartsofyourpersonalitywithothercolleagues.
29.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?
A.Someaspectsofpersonality.B.Waystodeveloppersonality.
C.Whatcontributestopersonality.D.Whypersonalityisimportant.
30.ItcanbeknownfromParagraph2that______.
A.one’spersonalityismerelydeterminedbybirth
B.personalityconsistsofbehavior,thoughtsandrelationships
C.personalityhasnothingtodowithone’scareerlife
D.theenvironmentandthesituationinfluenceone’spersonality
31.Theintendedreadersforthepassageareprobably______.
A.receptionistsB.studentsC.officeclerksD.policeofficers
D
Formany.DaylightSavingTime(DST:
夏令时)simplymeansrememberingtochangetheclocksandtwistingyoursleepschedule.“Eventhoughthetimechangeisonlyanhour,itissomethingthatcausesmuchmoredestructionthanpeoplebelieve,”saidDr.JohnSharp,apsychologistandpsychiatristatBeth-IsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterinBoston.“It’snotjustanextrahourofsleep;it’smoreofafast-forwardintowinter.”
Withdaysgettingdarkerearlier,Sharpsuggestsmakingato-dolistforactivitiesafterworkaheadoftime.“Anyplansyouhave,say,goingtothegymafterwork,requiremuchmoreeffortanddetermination.It’smuchbettertoplanmorecarefullyandnotjustrelyonhowyoufeel,especiallywhenitisdarkout,”hesaid.“Figureitoutinadvanceandstickwiththeplan.”
Inaddition.SharpsaysintheweeksafterDaylightSaving,somemayfeelliketheyhaveabiggerappetite.“Eatingmoreduringthistimeisnottheanswer.Peopleneedtostayonaneatingscheduleandkeepuphealthyhabits.”
However,Sharpsaidtherearewaystobetteracclimateyourselftothetimechange.Ifyouarehavingtroublesleeping,hesuggeststakingsomemelatonin(退黑激素)intheevening.Incontrast,ifyoufindyourselffeelingsleepy.Sharpsaidthereisnothingwrongwithaddinganextracaffeinateddrinkduringyourday.
Awordtothewise?
Onesurewaytobetteradjusttothetimechangeistostartgoingtobed15minutesearlierstartingfourdaysbeforeDaylightSaving,addinganadditional15minuteseachnight.
32.Whichisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?
A.AreyoupreparedforDST?
B.WhyDSTwasintroduced?
C.WhatDSThasbroughttolife?
D.HowDSThasbeenpopular?
33.WhatdoesJohnSharpsuggestinParagraph2?
A.Gettingupearlierthanbefore.B.Stickingtothedailyroutine.
C.Beingawareofqualitysleep.D.Gettingwell-preparedforDST.
34.Theunderlined