大四高英翻译和考试Word文件下载.doc

大四高英翻译和考试Word文件下载.doc

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2.Happinessinshakespeare'

stime,andevenafterwards,wasassociatedwithwealth,successandposition,whichinsomeway,cameuponacertainperson,whowouldexpresssuchanoccasionintheformofgreatjoyorexcitement.

3.Happinessisnolongeraccidental,indeed,itbecomesanobjectivetoachieve.

4.Peopledefinitelyvariedintheiropinionsastowhathasgivenrisetohappinessandwhathappinessactuallymeans.

第二单元

1.Theywereamazedatmybeingsostubbornlyinquisitiveoverthatissue,unabletofigureouthowicouldbesoignorantofwhatwasgoingonaboutsocommonplaceapracticeintheamericaneconomicandpoliticallife.

2.Whenimmoralityprevails,it'

spracticallynousetalkingconvincinglyaboutconscience.

3.Manyamericansarealwayspreachingabouthumanequality,butwilltakeafirmstandagainsttheissueofequalrightsintheircommunitiesandschools.

4.Itseemsthattheyarealsobraveenoughtotaketheriskinreiteratingtheirworry,which,consequently,makesthemsuchunforgivableborestothosesuccessfulsocialclimbers.

5.Ultimately,onlythesepeoplemayhopefullyhelptocreateasocietythatischaracterizedbyitsmoralstrengththatleadstoitscontinuousexistenceinsteadofitsmoraldegradationthatendsintisdestruction.

第三单元

1.Wetendtobelievethatweareaharmoniousimpartialandbenevolentpeople,livingunderapprovedlawsbutnotbythewillofanyindividualinthegovernment.

2.Ifweignorethisotheraspectofthefact,weshallfailtolookatournationfromanunbiasedperspective.

3.Nomaterhowhardwepersuadedourselvestobelievethatindiansandnegroeswereinferiortous,we,inactualfact,werequiteclearthatthey,justlikeus,wereGod'

schildren.

4.Theevidenceregardingsuchsuppressionasrecordedinamericanhistoryisamplysuppliedinamericanliteraryworks.

5.Whatthewhitesrefusedtoencounterintheirdescriptionofthepastwasactuallyrecountedinthedreamsandfantasiesinartisticforms.

第四单元

1.Fromthefootstepsofthatfrightenedwoman,i,forthefirsttime,realizedthatmybeingbornablackhasunfortunatelyenabledpeople,atthesightofme,toadjusttheirdistancefrommeinamostunfriendlymanner.

2.Iwasalsowellawarethatilookedexactlylikeabadboywhowouldintrude,fromtimetotime,intotheneighborhoodfromaslumnearby.

3.Tobeaman,youmustacquirethepowertoscareandsubduepeople.

4.Wheniwasaboy,isawmanyjuveniledelinquentstakenawaybythecops.ihavesinceattendedseveralfunerals,too.

5.Iwasnotinapositiontoprovemyidentity.Whaticouldthinkofwasthatiwalkquicklytojoinsomeonewhocouldverifywhoiwas.

第五单元

1.Butsuchcaseweresufficientinnumbertomakeitseemasiftherewerejustificationfortheincreasingfearofcommunists.

2.Josephmccarthythoughtitwashightimethatheshouldcomeuponthestage,declaringthatheheldalistofnamesofactivecommunistswhowerestrivingtoruinthegovernmentnow.

3.Hewaskeptfullyoccupied,buthedidn'

tseemtobesuccessful.

4.TheninwheelingthatFebruaryeveningatthebeginningofthe50s,joe,atlast,wasfortunateenoughtohaveseizedawonderfulchanceand,likeameteor,startedtoclimbupthepoliticalladder.

5.Fromthatmoment,itseemedthatthesenatorhadplacedtheentirecountryunderhiscontrol.

第六单元

1,whatthebooktriestotellisthattheikshavebecomeanunalterablyrepulsivepeople,self-centered,irrational,inconsiderateandunfeeling,asaresultofthedisintegrationoftheirtraditionalculture.

2,itshouldbeagreedfirstofallthathumanbeingsareanevilbreed.Livinginthisworldallfornothingbuttheirowninterests,andtheymayshowsomeloveandsympathy,simplybecausetheyweretaughttodevelopsuchastheirhabits.

3,theynevertalkexceptwhentheymakerudedemandsandimpoliterefusals.

4,theywilllaughtoseeillluckbefallotherpeople.

5,thelonelyik,banishedinthedesolationofavanishedculture,hasfoundanotherwaytoprotecthimself.

第八单元

Undertheblowsofpeasantwarsandkinglyconquest,theisolatedexistenceofearlyfeudalismgavewaytocentralizedmonarchies.

=peasantwarsandmonarchicaltriumphsconcludedtheearlyseparatefeudalsocieties,andtheunifiedandcentralizedkingdomsassumedpower.

Andinturnthegreatnationaladventuresoftheenglishandspanishandportuguesesailor-capitalistsbroughtafloodoftreasureandtreasure-consciousnessbacktoeurope.

=anationwidefervorofseafaringmerchantsinengland,spainandportugaltoexplorecountriesoverseasconsequentlybroughtbackalotofwealthandrenewedanoticeablewealth-awarenessamongtheeuropeannations.

=theattitudeofchristophercolumbuswasrepresentativeofatimeinhistory,whichquickenedtheformationofasocietycharacterizedbyanambitionforsuccessandacravingformoney.

=alongwiththissocialchange,therewaslittlewonderthatpowerbegantodescenduponthemerchants,becausetheywerefinanciallyknowledged,anddepartfromthecontemptuousgentlemen,becausetheywerefinanciallyignorant.

=itwasnotsoeasyforbookkeepingtobeadoptedasanecessaryaccountingdevice,anddoubleentrywasnotuniversallyacceptedasanaccountingmechanismuntilthe17thcentury

第一单元Happiness翻译

NoothercountryintheworldhasworkedthenotionofhappinessintoitsConstitutiontheeverysourceofitsnationalauthority,thewaythefoundingfathersoftheUnitedStatesofAmericachosetodowhentheylinkedthepursuitofhappinesswithlifeandwithlibertyasatrioofutterlyinalienablerights.

世界上没有其他国家像美国这样将幸福的概念编入国家立法之本的宪法中。

美国这些起草宪法的祖先们赋予了公民不可剥夺的生命、自由和幸福三权。

Withoutquestionthereweredifferentinterpretationsofwhatpromptshappiness,andwhatconstitutesit.formanydevoutlyreligiouspeople（tothisday）,astrokeofbusinesssuccess,amarriagethatworks,theemergenceovertimeofstrong,intelligent,well-behavedchildrenwhoseemableandcontentwiththeirlotinlifeareallsignsofsorts,evidenceofgod'

sfavor.

毫无疑问，人们对于什么产生幸福和什么是幸福持着不同的解释。

对于那些迄今仍旧虔诚的教徒而言，一桩成功的生意，一段美满的婚姻，一群坚强、聪明能干、品行端正且满足于现状的孩子们，都是幸福的迹象，上帝眷顾的迹象。

HappinessinShakespeare’stime,andlateraswell,referredtogoodfortune,goodluck,tofavorablecircumstancesvisited,somehow,onaparticularpersonwhoregisteredsuchastateofaffairssubjectivelywithaconditionofgoodcheer,pleasurablefeeling.

莎士比亚期间以及之后，幸福指的是一个人不知什么原因被财运、好运和有利环境眷顾时，流露出的振奋和喜悦之情。

Onewassatisfiedwithone’ssituation,gladtobeinone’sgivenplaceandtimebyvirtueofhowone’slifehasgone.Theemphasisis,putdifferently,uponfate-analmostexternalforce. 

人容易满足于自己的现状，为自己所过的生活以及即将面对的特定处境感到高兴。

要强调的不同是，他将一个外在力量加在命运上。

？

Tobesure,individualscravedpleasure,money,power,territory,acertainwoman,acertainman-but"

happiness"

wasnotinitselfsought.

可以确定的是，人们渴望快乐，金钱，权力，地盘，特定女人和特定男人，但是却不会去追寻“幸福”本身。

Rather,aperson’spersonalandworkdaysuccesswasnotedbythatperson,andthankfullyacknowledged-hisorhersbyvirtueofdivinegrace,orthestarsandtheirmysteriousdoings,or,quitesimply,aseriesoffortuitousevents.

更确切地说，一个人总是感激地记录并肯定自己的个人成就和成功事业。

认为自己是被神眷顾，是被星星神秘地帮忙，或者简单地说，是一系列的偶然事故降临。

Forthosewhodon'

tknowwhattobelieve（aboutthislife,andourplaceorpurposeonearth）,happinessseemssomethingaccidental,contingent,oratbest,afeelingforwhichonehasworkedhardindeed.butnowweareabitaheadofourselves,historically:

fourhundredyearsago,therewasasenseofaweabouthappiness-asifitwerevisiteduponsomeinaccordancewiththeunfathomableworkingsofaninscrutableuniverse.

对于那些没有信仰、不知道为谁生存为何奋斗的人，幸福是偶然的，或充其量只是一种非常努力工作的感觉。

但是现在的我们比过去的我们进步：

四百年前，我们敬畏幸福，以为是神秘的宇宙发生了深不可测的运转后降临在某人身上的一样，让人敬畏。

itwasonlyinmorerecenttime,asmenandwomanbecamemorethecenterofthisworld（intheirownminds,morethemakers,thedoers,theoneswhowieldandseetheconsequences）,thathappinessbecame,witheverythingelse,agoal,apurpose,or,asthosehardworking,ambitiousrationalistswhoframedourconstitutionputit,somethingforwhicha"

pursuit"

iswaged.Nolongerdoeshappinesshappen;

happinessisobtained.

直到近年来，当男人和女人成为世界的中心（在他们自己的心目中，他们更像是制造者，执行者，支配和预见结果）的时候，幸福才和其他的事物一样，成了人类追求的目标，生存的目的。

又或者，像那些勤奋、有抱负的理论主义宪法制定者所说的一样，幸福成了一切“追求”的起源。

幸福再也不会偶然降临，幸福只有靠人去争取。

Forsome,"

Good"

isyetwhatcounts:

happinessastheinnerfeelingthatcorrespondstoamoralperceptiononthepartofaperson."

ihavedonemydutytogodandcountry;

ihavelivedasiwastaughtitisrighttolive,andi'

mreadytodiehappy"

---thewordsofanordinarytwentiethcenturyamericanworkingwoman,anurseoffifty,actually,who'

draisedhertwochildrenwell,livedoutasolid,satisfyingmarriagewithheroptometristhusband,andnowwasstrugglingwiththeeffectsofabreastcancerthathaddefiedthesurgeons,theoncologists,and,shewouldsometimesadds,herminister,"

hepraysformyrecovery,"

sheoncetoldme,andthenadded,"

butidon'

tbelieveyoucanbargainwithGodthatway.I'

llbedyingsoon,andiknowit,idon'

tpraytoGodthathegivememorelife,ipraytogodthatthelifeihavealreadylivednotbejudgedtoobadandtoosinfulwhenimeetHim.i'

mnotafraid.Totellthetruth,exceptwheniaminpain,iamquitehappy..."

（此题为期末考试题目。

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