常用it作形式主语地句型结构Word文件下载.docx
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known等。
①It
hoped
one
day
they
have
enough
animals
to
set
them
free
②Itiswellknownthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.
③Itissuggestedthatthesportsmeeting（should）beputoffuntilnextweek.
该句型的过去分词是suggested时，从句应为（should）+动词原形。
It+be+名词+that-从句
适用该句型的名词（词组）有:
a
pity，an
honor，a
good
thing，a
fact，a
surprise，good
news,one’sduty等。
如：
a
pity
（that）
you
missed
sports
meeting
last
week.
②It
fact
English
being
accepted
as
an
international
language.
It
＋seem／
appear／
happen的适当形式＋that从句。
该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。
seems
there
big
waste
pipe
coming
down
from
town.
→There
town.
②He
appeared
tobecalm,
but
inside
his
heart
was
beating
wildly
with
fear.
→It
he
calm,
fear.
doesn'
t
matter
（It’snowonder;
Itdoesn’tmakemuchdifference等）
＋
when/
where/
which/
whether
等从句。
①Does
itmatter
if
can'
finish
job
on
time?
②They
are
all
classmates.Itis
no
wonder
they
should
help
each
other
their
studies.
+
adj./
n.
（for
sb.
/
of
sb.）
do
sth.
该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，此时用for；
或表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever，
careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，
grateful等，这时要用
of。
①Itisfoolishofyoutogiveupsuchagoodchance.
②Itisnecessaryforcollegestudentstomasteratleastaforeignlanguage
It作形式主语常见句型
动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首，常见句型有：
1.It+be+形容词+主语从句，如：
ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.
2.It+be+名词词组+主语从句，这类名词有：
afact,apity,ashame,anhonour，aquestion等，如：
It’sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.
Itremainsaquestionwhetherhewillcomeornot.
3.It+be+过去分词+主语从句，这类过去分词有：
announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等，如：
Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.
Itisnotdecidedwhowillgivetheoperationtothepatient.
4.It+不及物动词（seem,appear,happen等）+主语从句,这类不及物动词有：
appear,happen,seem等，如：
Itseemedthathedidn’ttellthetruth.
IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.
5.It+be+形容词+forsb.）+动词不定式
这类句型常用形容词easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加forsb，如：
It’snecessaryfortheyoungtomastertwoforeignlanguage.
Itisunwisetogivethechildrenwhatevertheywant.
这类形容词有：
easy,difficult,hard,important,possible，wise
6.It+be+形容词+ofsb.+动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：
kind,nicestupid,clever,foolish,polite,impolite,silly,selfish,considerate等。
某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。
It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewiththework.
=Youarekindtohelpme.
Itseemedselfishofhimnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.
=Heseemedselfishnottosharehisdictionarywithothers.
7.It+be+名词词组+动词不定式，如：
Itisnotagoodhabittostayuptoolate.
8.It+be+名词或形容词+动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：
good,nogood,nouse,awasteof,useless,senseless等，如：
It’sawasteoftimetalkingtoheranymore.
Itisnousearguingaboutthematterwithhim.
9.It+take（sb.）+时间（金钱）+动词不定式，如：
Ittooktheworkersalmostthreeyearstofinishbuildingthedam.
Itwilltakeawholedaytogettothetopofthemountainonfoot.
实战演练：
1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild
heorshewants.（NMET1997）
A.however
B.whatever
C.whichever
D.whenever
2.Infact
isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.（2001）
A.this
B.that
C.there
D.it
3.
isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.（NMET1995）
A.There
B.This
C.That
D.It
4.Is
necessarytotakeoffourshoeswhenweenterthelab?
（MET88）
A.everyone
B.this
C.her
5.________willtakeyoualotoftimetofindhiminthecrowd.
A.It
B.I
C.We
D.They
6.Itisnousehis_________there,thesituationishopelessnow.
A.togo
B.tobegoing
C.going
D.havinggone
7.Itisnevertoolatetolearn,________?
A.isit
B.isn’tit
C.doesit
D.doesn’tit
8.___________isknowntoallthatShenzhouVILaunchedSuccessfully.
A.As
B.What
C.It
D.That
9._______isreportedinthenewspaper,theEarthquakeineastChina'
sJiangxiProvincekilled13people
A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
10.___________certainthathisinventionwillmakepeople’slifeconvenient.
A.That’s
B.Thisis
C.It’s
D.What’s
11._________thatthereisanotherfootballmatchontheairthisevening.
A.Itsays
B.Itwassaid
C.Itissaid
D.Whatwassaid
12.__________thattheirdaughtergotanopportunitytostudyabroad.
A.It’saexcitingnews
B.Thisisanexcitingnews
C.Thisisexitingnews
D.It’sexcitingnews
参考答案：
1——5BDDDA
6——10CACAC
11——12CD
一、主语从句的概念与类型
主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that,whether以及连接代词who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever和连接副词when,where,why,how等.例如:
Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.她当选了使我们很高兴.
Whatcausedtheaccidentisacompletemystery.是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.
Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.她是否来还是一个问题.
Whichteamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.
Whoevercomestothepartywillreceiveapresent.参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物.
Whentheywillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.他们何时出发还没决定.
注意:
上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免"
头重脚轻"
常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.例如:
Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾.
Itdependsontheclimatewhethertheyaregoingshoppingtoday.他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
1）Itis+adj./n.+从句
Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……
Itispossiblethat...很可能……
Itisunlikelythat...不可能……
2）It+不及物动词+从句
Itseems/appearsthat...似乎……
Ithappenedthat...碰巧……
3）It+be+过去分词+从句
Itissaidthat...据说……
Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……
Itisreportedthat...据报道……
Itisbelievedthat...据信……;
人们相信……
Itissuggestedthat...有人建议……
Itmustbepointedoutthat...必须指出……
Ithasbeenprovedthat...已证明…….例如:
Itisbelievedthatatleastascoreofbuildingsweredamagedordestroyed.据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.
Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.有人建议会议延期召开.
It'
sreportedthatthreepeoplewerekilledintheaccidentandfivewerehurtbadly.据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤.
ItisknowntoallthatTaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina.众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分.
[巩固练习]
1.Does_______matterifhecan'
tfinishthejobontime?
A.thisB.thatC.heD.it
2.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturninggrey.
A.whichB.thatC.ifD.for
3._______isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
二、学习主语从句应该注意的几个问题
1）引导词that与what
what既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分（主语、宾语、表语等）.这时what相当于allthat/everythingthat...,常译成"
所……的（东西、事情、话等.）"
;
而that只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略that.例如:
Whatisdonecan'
tbeundone.（谚语）已成定局,无可挽回.
Whatwecan'
tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好.
Thatweshouldworkoutaplantodealwiththepresentserioussituationisimportant.我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势,这一点非常重要.
Thatanewteacherwillcometoteachusgeographyistrue.一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的.
4._______whattheytoldmereallytrue?
A.HasB.IsC.DoesD.Have
5.Itmatterslittle_______amandies,but_______mattersmuchis_______helives.
A.how;
what;
howB.how;
it;
howC.why;
whyD.that;
that
6._______shecouldn'
tunderstandwas_______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;
whyB.That;
whatC.What;
becauseD.Why;
7.Itisprettywellunderstood_______controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.
A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how
8._______fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.
A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which
9.-Whatmadeherparentssoangry?
-_______shehadfailedintheexamination.
A.AsB.BecauseC.SinceD.That
2）引导词if和whether
if和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句（放在句首时）、表语从句常由whether引导.例如:
Whethershewillgohomeornotisunknown.她是否回家还不得而知.
Whetherweshallraiseducksorgeeseremainstobedecided.我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定.
=Itremainstobedecidedwhether/ifweshallraiseducksorgeese.
但我们不能说Ifweshallraiseducksorgeeseremainstobedecided.
10._______we'
llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
3）其它引导词
连接代词who,which,whom,whose有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当语、宾语、表语、定语等;
连接副词when,where,why,how等有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当状语.
11.-Doyouremember_______hecame?
-Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.
A.howB.whenC.thatD.if
12.Itwasamatterof_______wouldtaketheposition.
A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.whomever
13.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
-Isthat_______you
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