LESSON 3Word格式文档下载.docx

LESSON 3Word格式文档下载.docx

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thefrontpartofaship

ant.stern

compare:

bow[audio-2]:

v.&

n.tobendtheupperpartofthebodyforward,asawayofshowingrespect,admittingdefeat,etc.

bow[audio-3]:

n.aweaponforshootingarrow

alongthinpieceofwoodwithatightstringfastenedalongit,usedforplayingmusicalinstrumentsthathavestrings

aknotformedbydoublingastringorcordintotwocurvedpieces,andusedfordecorationinthehair,intyingshoes,etc

bleak:

a）Ifasituationisbleak,itisbad,andseemsunlikelytoimprove.

e.g.Hisfuturelookedbleak.

bleakprospect;

thebleaknessofthepostwaryears

b）Ifaplaceisbleak,itlookscold,bare,andunattractive

e.g.thebleakcoastline

c）Whentheweatherisbleak,itiscold,dull,andunpleasant

e.g.thebleakwinters

d）Ifsomeonelooksorsoundsbleak,theyseemdepressed,hopeless,orunfriendly

e.g.hisbleakfeatures

bleaklyadv.

e.g.Hestaredbleaklyahead.

“What,”heaskedbleakly,“arethese?

”

　　4.waveslappingagainstthesideoftheship:

wavestouchingthesideoftheshipgentlyandmakesasoftsoundlapcanalsobeusedasanoun.

e.g.Yourlapistheflatareaformedbyyourthighswhenyouaresittingdown.

Heryoungestchildwasasleepinherlap.

Heplacedthebabyonthewoman’slap.

Inarace,whenyousaythatacompetitorhascompletedalapwhenheorshehasgoneroundthecourserace.

　　5.asfarasIcouldseeinalldirection:

thatextendedasfarastheeyecouldsee;

　　6.thatstretchedallthewaytothehorizon:

thatextendedtothefaroffplacewheretheskymeettheearth

　　7.comparable:

somethingthatiscomparabletosomethingelseisa）asgoodas/asbigas/asimportantastheotherthing;

b）similartotheotherthing

e.g.ThisdinneriscomparabletothebestFrenchcooking.

Ourhouseisnotcomparablewithyours.Oursisjustasmallhutwhileyoursisapalace.

　　8.Nowitisdisappearingbecausethewaterthatusedtofeedithasbeendivertedinanill-consideredirrigationschemetogrowcottoninthedessert:

Nowitisbecomingsmallerandsmallerbecausethewaterthatusedtoflowintotheseahasbeenturnedawaytoirrigatethelandcreatedinthedeserttogrowcotton.Theschemewasanill-conceivedonebecauseitfailedtotakeintoconsiderationtheecologicaleffect.

　　9.dock:

v.anchor,moor

Paragraph2.thesisstatement:

travelaroundtheworldtocheckandstudycasesinordertofindoutthebasiccausesbehindtheenvironmentalcrisis[image-8]

　　10.Mysearchfortheunderlyingcausesoftheenvironmentalcrisishasledmetotravelaroundtheworldtoexamineandstudymanyoftheseimagesofdestruction:

ItravelledaroundtheworldbecauseIwantedtosee,checkandstudycasesofsuchdestructioninordertofindoutthebasiccausesbehindtheenvironmentalcrisis.

Thissentenceisthethesisstatement,expressingthemainideaandindicatingthedevelopmentofacausalessay.

imagesofdestruction:

typicalexamplesofdestruction

　　11.thesunglaringatmidnightthroughaholeinthesky:

thesunshiningatmidnightthroughtheozonedepletion

[image-9]

midnightsun:

phenomenonoccurringonlyinthepolarregions

ahole:

ozonedepletion臭氧层空洞

　　12.aboutthetunnelhewasdiggingthroughtime:

aboutthetunnelhewasdrillingforsamplesfromtheglacier,whichestimatesthetime.Thedeeperhedrilled,thefartherthesampleintime;

inotherwords,thesurfaceoftheglacier[image-10]isanindicationofrecenttimewhilethedeeperpartoftheglaciertellsofsituationofamuchmoreremoteperiod.

　　13.Slippinghisparkabacktorevealabadlyburnedfacethatwascrackedandpeeling[image-11]:

Pushinghisparkaback,herevealedabadlyburnedfacebecauseofoverexposuretodirectsunlight;

onthefacetherewerelinesthatweresplitopenandpiecesofskinwerecomingdown.

parka:

[image-12]n.waterproofjacketwithahoodattached（aswornforskiing,mountainclimbing,etc.）

　　14.Hemovedhisfingerbackintimetotheiceoftwodecadesago:

Followingthelayersoficeinthecoresample,hisfingercametotheplacewherethelayeroficewasformed20yearsago.

　　15.twocontinents:

SouthAmericaandAntarctica

　　16.emission:

theamountofpollutantsdischarged

　　17.leastaccessibleplaceonearth:

theplacewhichisthemostdifficulttogettointheworld

Paragraph3.theglobalwarmingseenintheAntarctic[image-13]

　　18.Industrymeantcoal:

thedevelopmentofindustrymeanttheuseoflargeamountofcoalasfueltogeneratepower.

　　19.bringingrisinglevelsofcarbondioxide:

makingtheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospheregrow

　　20.withitsabilitytotrapmoreheatintheatmosphereandslowlywarmtheearth:

heatcannoteasilygetthroughcarbondioxideandgointothehighaltitudesocarbondioxideplaystheroleofacover,keepingtheheatneartheearth.

　　21.thepartafterthedash（--）servesasanadverbialofresult

　　22.upwindfromtheicerunawaywheretheskiplanelandsandkeepsitsenginesrunningtopreventthemetalpartsfromfreeze-lockingtogether,scientistsmonitortheairseveraltimeseverydaytochartthecourseofthatinexorablechange:

upwindfromtheicerunawaywheretheskiplanelandsandkeepsitsenginesrunningsothatthemetalpartswillnotbefrozensolid,scientistswatchtheairseveraltimeseverydaytomarkthecourseofthatunalternablechange.

upwind:

inthedirectionfromwhichthewindisblowingorusuallyblows

icerunway:

runwayisastripofpavedgroundforusebyairplanesintakingoffandlanding,andhereintheSouthPoletherunwayisastripoficeground

topreventthemetalpartsfromfreeze-lockingtogether:

tostopthemetalpartsfrombeingfrozensolid

monitortheair:

watchorcheckontheair

tochartthecourse:

toshowtheonwardmovementonanoutlinemap

inexorable:

thatcannotbechanged;

unalternable

e.g.theinexorableriseinthecostofliving

　　23.graph:

usuallyamathematicaldiagram

Paragraph4.athinningcapastheresultofArcticairwarms[image-14]

　　24.pitch:

pitchatentmeansputupatent

e.g.Theypitchedtheirtentnearthestream.

Theypitchedtheirtentattheedgeofthefield.

　　25.slab:

Aslabofsomethingisathickflatpieceofit.

e.g.aslabofrock;

aconcreteslab;

aslabofcheese

　　26.frigid:

cold;

icy;

freezing

e.g.frigidweather

　　27.aheartybreakfast:

asatisfyingandrichbreakfast

todescribemeals:

sumptuousdinner;

humblebreadandcheese;

squaremeal

　　28.snowmobile[image-15]:

akindofmotorvehiclefortravelingoversnow,usuallywithsteerablerunnersatthefrontandtractortreadsattherear

　　29.rendezvouspoint:

theplacewhereasubmarinewastopickthemup

rendezvous:

a）Arendezvousisameetingoftenasecretone,thatyouhavearrangedwithsomeoneforaparticulartimeandplace.

e.g.Wemakeadawnrendezvous.

b）Arendezvousisaplacewhereyouhavearrangedtomeetsomebodyoftensecretly.

e.g.Imethimatasecretrendezvousoutsidethecity.

　　30.hover:

towaitcloseby,especiallyinanoverprotective,insistentoranxiousway

Whenabirdorinsecthovers,itstaysinthesamepositionintheairbymovingitswingsveryquickly.

Ifsomebodyishovering,theyarewaitinginoneplace,forexample,becausetheycannotdecidewhattodo.

e.g.Afigurehovereduncertainlyinthedoorway.

　　31.Afteritcrashedthroughtheice,tookonitsnewpassengers,andresubmerged:

Afteritbrokethroughtheice,pickedupitnewpassengers,andwentbelowthesurfaceofwateragain

emerge:

appear

submerge:

gobelowthesurfaceofwater

　　32.thepolaricecap[image-14]:

极地冰冠

　　33.tosecurethereleaseofpreviouslytopsecretdata:

toensurethemakingpublicofdatawhichwasoriginallyclassifiedastopsecret.

　　34.fromsubmarinesonartracks:

obtainedfromsubmarinesonartracks

sonar:

[U]（anacronymforsoundnavigationranging）anapparatususingsoundwavesforfindingthepositionofunderwaterobjects,suchasminesorsubmarines声纳（利用声波探测如水雷或潜艇等的水底目标的仪器）

Baiqidolphins[image-16]:

havesonar.Batshavesonar.

　　35.andthenIwasstandinginaneerilybeautifulsnowscape,windsweptandsparklingwhite,withthehorizondefinedbylittlehummocks,or“pressureridges”oficethatarepushedupliketinymountainrangeswhenseparatesheetscollide:

andthenIwasstandinginthevastsceneofsnowwhichwasfearfullybeautiful,windsweptandshiningwhite,withthestretchoficefieldcharacterizedbysmallridgesbecauseoftheforceofthecollisionoftheseparatelayers.

eerily:

mysteriouslyoruncannily,especiallyinsuchawayastofrightenordisturb

snowscape:

sceneofsnow.Comparewithlandscapeandseascape.

windswept:

sweptbyorexposedtowinds

withthehorizondefinedbylittlehummo