全国医学博士统一考试英语试题Word文档格式.docx

全国医学博士统一考试英语试题Word文档格式.docx

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A.constitutingB.decodingC.draftingD.encoding

35.Ihaveneverseenamorecaring,___groupofpiopleinmylife.

A.emotionalB.impersonalC.compulsoryD.compassionate

36.BythetimeIreachedmyresidency,I___treatedthepatientasawholehumanbeing.

A.yearnedforB.brokeintoC.passforD.madefor

37.Wenowobtainmorethantwo-thirdsproteinfromanimalresources,whileourgrandparents___onlyone-halffromanimalresources.

A.originatedB.digestedC.deprivedD.derived

38.Obesitycarriesanincreasedriskof____.

A.mortalityB.mobilityC.longevityD.maternity

39.Thebestexerciseshouldrequirecontinuous___,ratherthanfrequentstopsandstarts.

A.compassionB.accelerationC.frustrationD.exertion

40.Environmentalofficialsinsistthatsomethingbedoneto___acidrain.

A.curbB.sueC.detoxifyD.condemn

41.Itwouldbewildlyoptimistictobelievethattheseadvancesoffsetsuchalargereductioninfarmland.

A.takeinB.makeupC.cutdownD.bringabout

42.Tobeginwith,itisimpossibletocomeupwithasatisfactorydefinitionofwhatconstituteshappyandunhappymarriage.

A.explainB.opposeC.representD.propose

43.Politiciansoftenuseemotionalratherthanrationalargumentstowinthesupportfortheiractionsandideas.

A.applicableB.favorableC.sensitiveD.reasonable

44.Testsareonewayforateachertoassesshowmuchastudenthaslearned.

A.observeB.appraiseC.appreciateD.induce

45.Throughlivetelevision电视实况转播,theworldisnowabletowitnesshistoricaleventsastheyhappen.

A.reserveB.confirmC.perceiveD.transmit

46.Mostexpertssaythatthenewtaxplanwillhaveanegligibleeffectonthecountry’seconomicproblems.

A.indefiniteB.indispensableC.infiniteD.insignificant

47.Idon’tknowhowyoucouldhaveleftoutthemostimportantfactofall.

A.omittedB.fabricatedC.pinpointedD.embraced

48.Familyandculturalbeliefsandnormsareimportantpredictorsofhealth-seekingbehavior.

A.formulationsB.standardsC.principlesnD.notions

49.Theremustbeasystematicapproachtoretrievingnotesandanalyzingthem.

A.regainB.relievingC.reversingD.rectifying

50.Tostudythedistributionofdiseasewithinanarea,itisusefultoplotthecaseonamap.

A.markB.allocateC.eraseD.pose

part

close（10%）

Youfeelgenerallydepressedandunabletoconcentrate.Yourpatternofdaily51maychange:

youfindyourself52andactiveatnight;

yousleeplateintotheday,whenmostothersareworking.Youstayinyourroomandhavelittlecontactwithpeople53withthosewhospeakyourlanguage.Inyourmind,youcriticizethepioplearoundyou----theyarerude,loud,unfriendly,uninformed,concernedwithinsignificantthings,54stupid;

youcomplainaboutthemtoanyfriendsyouhave.Youbecame55whenyoucan’tgointoarestaurantandorderthetypeoffoodyourealylike;

yougetangrywhentheTVnewscontainsmostlyU.Snewsandverylittleabouteventsthatareimportanttoyou.Youareconstantlymakingcomparisonbetweenlifehereandtheperfectlife56home.Aboveall,youarehomesickalmostallthetime.

Ifyoueverfindyourselfbehavinginways57these,youarebrobablysufferingcultureshock.Cultureshockisapsychological58thatsometimeshasphysicaleffects.Itaffectspioplewhohavemovedawayfromaninvironmentwheretheyknowhowtolive59anewenvironmentwheremuchisunfamiliartothem---thefood,theweather,thelanguage,andespeciallythe60rulesforsocialbehaviorthatfewpeopleareconsciouslyawareof.

51.A.wayB.patternC.methodD.track

52.A.sleepyB.happyC.awakeD.sad

53.A.forB.lestC.besidesD.except

54.A.evenB.merelyC.indeedD.rather

55.A.offendedB.uninterestedC.frustratedD.isolated

56.A.hereB.thereC.backD.away

57.A.thesameasB.differentfromC.similartoD.familiarwith

58.A.situationB.conditionC.reflectionD.position

59.A.inB.atC.withinD.into

60.A.unwrittenB.writtenC.spokenD.secrete

passageone

Scienceisthe4-yearpursuitofknowledgethateveryhighschoolteenagermustlivethrough.Ioftenaskmyself,whenwillIeverneedtousethisstuffwhenIgrowup?

Theanswerisclearly,probablynever.IdoubtthatIwilleverneedtoknowthechemicalformulaofdichromate,orhowtocorrectlyidentifyacombustionreaction.

However,wherewouldwebetoday,whithoutscience?

WithoutthegreatmindsofEinsteinandNewton,wherewouldwebe?

HowwouldIbeabletowriterthisessayonthecomputer,iftherewasnoscience?

WouldIbealivetoday?

Wouldhumankindsurvivethroughtheyearsndstillbearoundtoday?

Ordogsbethemastersofhumans?

WouldwebestillthedominantspeciesontheEarth?

Somanyquestionsarisebecausethehumanracedependsontheadvancementofscience.WearedependentonNabiscotomakethatcookieyoulove,99.99%fatfree,thatvideogamecompanytocomeoutwiththeanniversarygamecartridgeyouwanttoplaysobadly,andthatcarcompanytoaltertheheadlightsofthecarandcallitthe“new”98car.

wherewouldwebewhithoutscience?

Wedependonourresearcherstomakenewvaccinesanddoctorstomakeusthewaywewanttobe.Wedependonthemtomakeus“prettier”,toperformtriplebypass,tomakesurenothinggoeswrongwhentheyoperateuponus.Doctorsdependonsciencejustasmuchaswedependonscience.Lawyersareconstantlydependingondoctorsnotknowingtheirsciencesotheycangetrichquick.Justlookhowmuchoursocietydependsontheadvancementofscience.

Science,inaway,keepsoursocietyfromfallingapart.Inoursocietyscienceiseverywhere.Sciencetakespartinoureverydaylifemorethanwethink.Weneedscienceprogresssothatwecansimplymakeitthroughaday.Whenmostpeoplethinkofscience,theythinkofitasalaboratory,whitecoats,andmixingalldifferent-coloredchemicalsuntillsomethingblowsup.Butthefactisthatscienceisawayoflifeandourfuture.

61.Theauthor’sprobableanswertothequestionwherewewouldbetoday,withoutscienceis___

A.ithardtoimagine

B.wewouldnowheretofind

C.let’sseewhathappens

D.noteveryquestionhasananswerintheworld

62.Fromthecookietothecar,theauthoristryingtotellusthatscience____

A.wouldbenowherewithouthumans

B.ispickingupitsdevelopingpace

C.raisesomanypresentproblems

D.isshapingourworld

63.Theauthorimpiesthatscience____

A.ismakingdoctorsandlawyerstherichestpeopleinoursociety

B.doesnotinvolveeveryprofession

C.needsusasmuchasweneedit

D.isbenefitingeveryone

64.Theauthorseemstodrawaconclusionthatscience____

A.doesratherthanitis

B.isubiquitousinourlife

C.doesnotexistinalaboratory

D.isnotappreciatedinthepublix

65.Theauthorismostprobably___

A.astudent

B.asocialist

C.aprofessorofscience

D.afree-lancewriterofscience

passage2

Osteoporosisusedtobecalled“thesilentdisease’’becauseitsvictimsdidn’tknowtheyhadituntilitwastoolateandtheysufferedabonefracture.Today,doctorscanidentifyosteoporosisearly.Improvedunderstandingofthediseasehasalsoledtonewtreatmentsandstrategiesforpreventingthediseasealtogether.

Forpost-menopausalwoman,themostcommonmedicalresponsetoosteoporosisishormonereplacementtherapy.Boostingestrogenlevelsstrengthenstheentireskeletonandreducestheriskofhipfracture.Unfortunately,itsometimescausesuterinebleedingandmayincreasetheofbreastcancer.

Topassbysuchsideeffects,researchershavedevelopedseveralalternativetreatments.SyntheticestrogenscalledSelectiveEstrogenReceptorModulators（SERMs）emulateestrogenwithslightmodifications.Anotherdrug,alendronatereducesspine,hipandwristfracturesby50percent.Researchershaveevendevelopedanasalspraycalledcalcitonin.Eachofthesealternativeshastrade-offs,however.Patientsmusttalkwiththeirdoctorstodecidewhichtherapyisbestforthem.

Theidealwaytoaddressosteoporosisisbyadoptingahealthylifestyle.Andthebesttodothisisinchildhood,whenmostbonemassisaccumulated.Becausebodiescontinuebuildingboneuntilaboutagethirty,someexpertsbelievethatwomenintheirtwentiescanstillincreasetheirbonestengthbyasmuchas20percent.

Calcium,whichisavailableinlow-fatdairyfoodsanddarkgreenvegetables,isessentialforpreventingosteoporosis.SoisVitaminD,whichaidescalciumabsorbtion.VitaminDcomesfromsunlingt,butdietarysupplementsmaybehelpfulinnorthernclimatesandamongthosewhodon’tgetoutside.Thefinalcomponentisregularmoderateexercisebecausebonerespondstotheneedsthatbodyputsonit.Thesearethesimplestepsthatcanhelpmake“thesilentdisease”trulysilent.

66.Hormonereplacementtherapyforosteoporosis____

A.usedtoeffectiveinpost-manopausalwoman

B.ismostfrequentlypriscribedbydoctors

C.worksperfectlyonpost-manopausalwomen

D.ismostlikelytobeavoidedforitssideeffects.

67.Thebesttreatmentforosteoporosis,accordingtothepassage.___

A.isSelectiveEstrogenReceptorModulators

B.ischosenbythepatient

C.possessesnosideeffects

D.isofindividuality

68.Topreve