初中英语定语从句Word文档格式.doc

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初中英语定语从句Word文档格式.doc

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初中英语定语从句Word文档格式.doc

Theyoungworkerwhoinventedthistoolisherbrother.

Thisistheboy(whom)Ihelped.

2.which的用法

which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语是在非正式语体中可以省略。

Thefactorywhichproducesthesecarsisverylarge.

Thisisthebook(which)youwant.

3.whose的用法

whose指人或物,在从句中作定语,不可省略。

Whose有时可用ofwhich替换。

Doyouliveintheroomwhosewindowopenstothewest?

Thisisthestudentwhosepronunciationisthebestinourclass.

4.that的用法

that既可指人,也可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

作宾语时,在非正式语体中常省略。

Therewereoncesixblindmenthat/wholivedinavillageinIndia.

Wheatisaplantthat/whichisgrowninthenorthofChina.

Theletter(that)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.

[注意]只能用关系代词that的场合

that既可以指人也可以指物,但在下列场合,要用that,而不用which或who。

1.先行词是不定代词all,anything,everything,nothing,much,little,few,any等时,只能用that。

That’sallthatIwanttosay.

Everythingthattheparentsdoisforthegoodoftheirchildren.

2.先行词被all,any,no,theonly,thevery(恰好),little,few等词修饰时。

ThankyouforgivingmetheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.

Heistheonlypersonthatwaspresentatthemeeting.

Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.

3.指物的先行词被形容词的最高级或被序数词修饰时。

Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthisyear.

Ilikethesecondfootballmatchthatwasheldlastweek.

4.先行词中既有人又有物时。

Theherohassavedthehorseanditsriderthatfellintotheriver.

Hetalkedabouttheschoolandtheteachersthathehadvisited.

5.当先行词为theway,thetime,theperiod等时,但that通常被省略。

Idon’tliketheway(that)youspeaktoher.

Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallhelpyou.

6.在which或who引导的特殊疑问句中,为避免重复用that引导取代which或who。

用which不用that的情况

1.在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.

2.先行词指物,且介词后

Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.

Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.

3.先行词本身是that时

Idon’tthatwhichhedid.

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

英语中的关系副词有when,where,why等。

在定语从句中充当状语,一般不可省略。

1.when的用法

when指时间、修饰表示时间的先行词,在定语从句中作时间状语,相当于at/in/onwhich。

HowcanIforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)IjoinedtheYouthLeague?

Ithoughtofthedayswhen(=inwhich)westudiedtogether.

Hecameatatimewhenthestudentsneededhim.

2.where的用法

where指地点,修饰表示地点的先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于in/on/atwhich。

Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)mygrandfatheronceworked.

Thatistheplacewhere(=inwhich)welivedtwoyearsago.

3.why的用法

why指原因,修饰名词reason,在定语从句中作原因状语,相当于forwhich。

Idon’tknowthereasonwhy(=forwhich)yougetsoangrywithme.

Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?

[注意]表示时间、地点的名词后关系词的选用

当先行词是表示时间、地点的名词时,有时用when/where,有时用that/which引导定语从句。

这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的而定。

如果是及物动词就用that/which(作从句的主语或宾语);

如果是不及物动词,就用when/where(作从句的状语。

)试比较:

Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.

Thisisthehousethat/whichhevisitedlastyear.

IthoughtofthehappydayswhenIstayedinBeijing.

Ihaveneverforgottenthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.

三、练习

练习一

(一)用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。

  1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.(who)

  2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.(who)

  3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.(where)

  4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.(who)

  5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.(where)

  6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.(which)

  7.Themanwasmyuncle.Themanwavedtous.(who)

  8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.(which)

  9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.(which)

  10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.(who)

(二)用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

  1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.

  2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

  3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.

  4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.

  5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.

  6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.

  7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.

  8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.

  9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?

  10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.

练习二

一、单项填空

 1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?

  ---Oh!

It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.

  A.he   B.that   C.whom   D.which

2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.

  A.who   B.which   C.they   D.where

 3.Theforeigner(外国人)_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

  A.which   B.when   C.who   D.whom

 4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.

A.who   B.whom   C.he   D.which

 5.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.

  A.there   B.when   C.where   D.which

 6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.

  A.that   B.which   C.why   D.when

 7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.

  A.that   B.which   C.where   D.why

 8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.

  A.when   B.where   C.that   D.which

 9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.

  A.when   B.where   C.that   D.onwhich

 10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.

  A.who   B.that   C.whose   D.which

 11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyonce(曾经)lived.

  A.that   B.which   C.when   D.where

 12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.

  A.inwhich   B.that   C.whose   D.where

 13.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.

  A.which   B.that   C.when   D.where

 14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.

  A.that   B.which   C.when   D.where

  15.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.

  A.that   B.which   C.where   D.when

  16.Iworkinabusiness________almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.

  A.how   B.which   C.where   D.that

  17.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_______,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.

  A.who   B.that   C.what   D.which

  18.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone________theycantalkfrequently.

  A.who   B.as   C.aboutwhich   D.withwhom

  19.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.

  A.until   B.that   C.when   D.where

  20.Thefamousscientistgrewup________hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.

  A.when   B.whenever   C.where   D.wherever

  21.Astorygoes________ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.

  A.when   B.where   C.what   D.that

  22.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut________willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.

  A.they   B.it   C.one   D.which

  23.Isthisfactory______youworkedat?

  A.theone   B.which   C.that   D.where

  24.Isthisthefactory_______youworked?

  A.where   B.which   C.that   D.theone

  25.---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?

    ---Yes,hedoes.

  A.which   B.whose   C.where   D.who

  26.Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.

  A.who   B.where   C.what   D.that

  27.---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?

    ---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.

  A.whom   B.who   C.whose   D.which

  28.Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.

  A.whose   B.whom   C.which   D.who

  29.Doyouknowaboy______sisterisanurseinahospital?

  A.who   B.that   C.whom   D.whose

  30.Isthereashopnearhere______wecanbuyvegetablesandfruits?

  A.which   B.when   C.who   D.where

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