初中英语定语从句Word文档格式.doc
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Theyoungworkerwhoinventedthistoolisherbrother.
Thisistheboy(whom)Ihelped.
2.which的用法
which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语是在非正式语体中可以省略。
Thefactorywhichproducesthesecarsisverylarge.
Thisisthebook(which)youwant.
3.whose的用法
whose指人或物,在从句中作定语,不可省略。
Whose有时可用ofwhich替换。
Doyouliveintheroomwhosewindowopenstothewest?
Thisisthestudentwhosepronunciationisthebestinourclass.
4.that的用法
that既可指人,也可指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时,在非正式语体中常省略。
Therewereoncesixblindmenthat/wholivedinavillageinIndia.
Wheatisaplantthat/whichisgrowninthenorthofChina.
Theletter(that)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.
[注意]只能用关系代词that的场合
that既可以指人也可以指物,但在下列场合,要用that,而不用which或who。
1.先行词是不定代词all,anything,everything,nothing,much,little,few,any等时,只能用that。
That’sallthatIwanttosay.
Everythingthattheparentsdoisforthegoodoftheirchildren.
2.先行词被all,any,no,theonly,thevery(恰好),little,few等词修饰时。
ThankyouforgivingmetheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.
Heistheonlypersonthatwaspresentatthemeeting.
Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.
3.指物的先行词被形容词的最高级或被序数词修饰时。
Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthisyear.
Ilikethesecondfootballmatchthatwasheldlastweek.
4.先行词中既有人又有物时。
Theherohassavedthehorseanditsriderthatfellintotheriver.
Hetalkedabouttheschoolandtheteachersthathehadvisited.
5.当先行词为theway,thetime,theperiod等时,但that通常被省略。
Idon’tliketheway(that)youspeaktoher.
Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallhelpyou.
6.在which或who引导的特殊疑问句中,为避免重复用that引导取代which或who。
用which不用that的情况
1.在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.
2.先行词指物,且介词后
Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.
Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.
3.先行词本身是that时
Idon’tthatwhichhedid.
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
英语中的关系副词有when,where,why等。
在定语从句中充当状语,一般不可省略。
1.when的用法
when指时间、修饰表示时间的先行词,在定语从句中作时间状语,相当于at/in/onwhich。
HowcanIforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)IjoinedtheYouthLeague?
Ithoughtofthedayswhen(=inwhich)westudiedtogether.
Hecameatatimewhenthestudentsneededhim.
2.where的用法
where指地点,修饰表示地点的先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语,相当于in/on/atwhich。
Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)mygrandfatheronceworked.
Thatistheplacewhere(=inwhich)welivedtwoyearsago.
3.why的用法
why指原因,修饰名词reason,在定语从句中作原因状语,相当于forwhich。
Idon’tknowthereasonwhy(=forwhich)yougetsoangrywithme.
Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?
[注意]表示时间、地点的名词后关系词的选用
当先行词是表示时间、地点的名词时,有时用when/where,有时用that/which引导定语从句。
这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的而定。
如果是及物动词就用that/which(作从句的主语或宾语);
如果是不及物动词,就用when/where(作从句的状语。
)试比较:
Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.
Thisisthehousethat/whichhevisitedlastyear.
IthoughtofthehappydayswhenIstayedinBeijing.
Ihaveneverforgottenthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.
三、练习
练习一
(一)用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。
1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.(who)
2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.(who)
3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.(where)
4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.(who)
5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.(where)
6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.(which)
7.Themanwasmyuncle.Themanwavedtous.(who)
8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.(which)
9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.(which)
10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.(who)
(二)用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.
2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.
3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.
4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.
5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.
6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.
7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.
8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.
9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?
10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.
练习二
一、单项填空
1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?
---Oh!
It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.
A.he B.that C.whom D.which
2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.
A.who B.which C.they D.where
3.Theforeigner(外国人)_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.
A.which B.when C.who D.whom
4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.
A.who B.whom C.he D.which
5.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.
A.there B.when C.where D.which
6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.
A.that B.which C.why D.when
7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.
A.that B.which C.where D.why
8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.
A.when B.where C.that D.which
9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.
A.when B.where C.that D.onwhich
10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.
A.who B.that C.whose D.which
11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyonce(曾经)lived.
A.that B.which C.when D.where
12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.
A.inwhich B.that C.whose D.where
13.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.
A.which B.that C.when D.where
14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.
A.that B.which C.when D.where
15.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.
A.that B.which C.where D.when
16.Iworkinabusiness________almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.
A.how B.which C.where D.that
17.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_______,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.
A.who B.that C.what D.which
18.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone________theycantalkfrequently.
A.who B.as C.aboutwhich D.withwhom
19.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.
A.until B.that C.when D.where
20.Thefamousscientistgrewup________hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.
A.when B.whenever C.where D.wherever
21.Astorygoes________ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.
A.when B.where C.what D.that
22.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut________willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.
A.they B.it C.one D.which
23.Isthisfactory______youworkedat?
A.theone B.which C.that D.where
24.Isthisthefactory_______youworked?
A.where B.which C.that D.theone
25.---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?
---Yes,hedoes.
A.which B.whose C.where D.who
26.Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.
A.who B.where C.what D.that
27.---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?
---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
28.Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.
A.whose B.whom C.which D.who
29.Doyouknowaboy______sisterisanurseinahospital?
A.who B.that C.whom D.whose
30.Isthereashopnearhere______wecanbuyvegetablesandfruits?
A.which B.when C.who D.where