高考英语任务型阅读试题及答案.docx
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高考英语任务型阅读试题及答案
2020-2021高考英语任务型阅读试题(及答案)
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1.任务型阅读
Whetherinyourlifeorwork,thefollowingthingsarenotthereasonsforyoutofeelembarrassed.It'sOKandjustmoveon.
⒈Mistakeswhilelearning
Therewillbetimeswhenyouhavepeopleaboveyou(aboss)orevennexttoyou(acoworker)thatwillgetreallyannoyedwithyoufor“ruining" something"important".________ Evenifyoumakemistakesandgetapunishment,persevereandpushon.Youdonotneedtobeembarrassedforlearningfromyourmistakes.
⒉Foodchoices
Peoplearedifferentandhavedifferenttastebuds(味蕾).Whetheritishealthyornot,foodisachoiceanditispartoflife.________ Youdonotneedtobeembarrassedforfoodyoudoordonotlike.Tellthem,"ItisapersonalchoiceIhavemade,andIamcommittedtoit.”
⒊Yourpast
Allowingpositiveexperiencestodefine,limit,improve,andoutshine(凸显)youmaycauseyoutobecaughtupinthepastandunabletotrulyliveinthepresent.Whetheryourhistoryispositive,negative,orsomewhereinbetween,don'tholdontothenegativeexperiencesandletitreflectyourcurrentbehavior,________
⒋Thecleanlinesofyourcar/home/workspace
Wheneveryonegetsinthecar,yourealizeyourStarbuckbagsarestillonthefloor.Sowhat?
Thinkaboutitthisway:
everyonehasa"messy"aspectoftheirlife.Maybetheirhomeiscompletelyclean,buttherelationshipwiththeirspouse(配偶)ismessy.Someone'scargetswashedonceaweek,buthis/herworklifecouldusesomehelp.________ Wedon'tapologizetoothersaboutourpersonallimitations.Bybeingoutwardlyembarrassed,itonlybringsmoreattentiontothefact!
⒌Puttingyourselffirst
Ifyoufindyourselfsayingnotosomethingormakingupliestogetoutofit,tellthemthetruth, anddon'tapologize.Youwillfeelmuchbetterinthelongrunifyouarehonestwiththemandyourself.Ifyou'renotuptoavoluntaryduty,youdon'thavetobe.Youcanpolitelyrefusetheperson'srequest.
________ Putyourselffirst.
A.Itissimplyapersonalchoicethatpeoplemakefortheirownreasons.
B.Itisokaytobeselfishfromtimetotime.
C.Errorsareboundtohappenwhenyouhaveonyourtrainingwheels.
D.Eachofthemwaitsforyourimmediatehelp.
E.Letbygones(过去的事) bebygones.
F.Forgettinghistorymeansbetrayal.
G.NooneonEarthlivesaperfectly"clean"lifeineveryaspect.
【答案】C;A;E;G;B
【解析】【分析】考查说明文。
主要讲述生活或工作中,这5件事你无需尴尬。
它们分别是:
学习的时候犯错、选择食物、你的过去、汽车/家/工作场所的整洁度和把自己放在首位。
(1)根据小标题Mistakeswhilelearning和Evenifyoumakemistakesandgetapunishment,persevereandpushon.可知,学习的时候难免犯错。
故选C。
(2)根据小标题以及前句Whetheritishealthyornot,foodisachoiceanditispartoflife.可知,食物是个人选择,那只是人们根据自己的理由做出的个人选择。
故选A。
(3)根据前句.Whetheryourhistoryispositive,negative,orsomewhereinbetween,don'tholdontothenegativeexperiencesandletitreflectyourcurrentbehavior,可知,让过去的过去吧,无论好坏。
故选E。
(4)根据小标题Thecleanlinesofyourcar/home/workspace可知,这一段主要涉及整洁度。
故选G。
(5)根据小标题及后句Putyourselffirst.可知,有时候自私也没有什么。
把自己放在首位没什么好尴尬的。
故选B。
【点评】一般说来,采用归纳法的段落,细节表述在前,归纳概括在后,主题句在段尾;采用演绎法的段落,先提出观点,后演绎例证,由一般到特殊,主题句出现在段首;若作者采用由“特殊—一般—特殊”的方式,主题句可能出现在段落的中间。
有时,作者没有写出明显的主题句,我们要学会根据段落的内容去概括出主题句,进而归纳出文章的主题。
2.Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
Mealkits(餐具)cutfoodwastebutpackagingisaproblem
Homedeliverymealkitscanslash(大幅消减)foodwastebymorethantwo-thirds,butsuppliersneedtoswitchtoreusablepackagingtomakethemenvironmentallyfriendly.
________Thatmeansleftoversareminimized.Butwhilethedeliveryservicesscorewellonreducingfoodwaste,buyingthesameingredientsfromthesupermarketalmostalwayssavesenergyoverallsimplybecausemealkitsusesomuchsingle-usepackaging.Thegoodnewsisthatifyouhavemealsthataretailoredforconsumption,peoplewon'tover-buyandyouhavelessfoodwaste.Youfine-tunetheportionstowhatpeoplewillactuallyeat.
Beyondthecostofthewasteitself,thrown-awayfoodgeneratesmethane(甲烷)thatcontributestoclimatechange.________A2018reportfromtheBostonConsultingGroupfoundthatthewastewassettosoarbyathirdby2030whenglobalfoodwastewasestimatedtoreach2.1bntonnes.
Mealkitscanreducetransportemissionsiftheymeanpeopletakefewertripstothesupermarket.Ifpeopleonlywenttobuygoodsthatareunlikelytodecaysuchassoapandtoiletpaper,theymightonlyhavetovisitthesupermarketonceeverycoupleofmonths.Thatdeliverytruckcancarrymealsforyouanddozensofneighbors.________
Thestudyfoundthatevenifdeliveredmealkitsreducedfoodwastetozero,theywouldstilluseupmoreenergyoverallthanbuyingthesamefoodfromthesupermarketunlesstheenergyusedforthemealkitpackagingwascutbyafifth.________Alltheenvironmentalbenefitsarelost.Butifthepackagingcanbereused,youcangetsomebenefits.
A.However,mealkitsarelikelyheadingforthemainstream.
B.Ifit'ssingle-useandthrownaway,thepackagingisakiller.
C.Inthatcase,youmightreplacedozensofcartripswithonetrucktrip.
D.Mealknitsarriveonyourdoorstepbytruckfilledwitheveryingredientyouneed.
E.Tailor-mademealkitssavewastebyprovidingprecisequantitiesoffreshingredients.
F.Iffoodwastewasacountry,itwouldrankthirdinemissionsbehindtheUSandChina.
【答案】E;F;C;B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。
套餐可以减少食物浪费,但包装是个问题。
家庭送餐包可以减少超过三分之二的食物浪费,但供应商需要改用可重复使用的包装,使其更加环保。
(1)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“Thatmeansleftoversareminimized. ”这意味着剩菜要尽量减少。
承接下文,E.Tailor-mademealkitssavewastebyprovidingprecisequantitiesoffreshingredients.“特制的餐盒提供精确数量的新鲜食材,节省浪费。
”切题。
下文中的that指该项的内容。
故选E。
(2)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“A2018reportfromtheBostonConsultingGroupfoundthatthewastewassettosoarbyathirdby2030whenglobalfoodwastewasestimatedtoreach2.1bntonnes.”"波士顿咨询集团2018年的一份报告发现,到2030年,全球食品浪费预计将达到21亿吨,预计垃圾将飙升三分之一。
承接下文,F.Iffoodwastewasacountry,itwouldrankthirdinemissionsbehindtheUSandChina.“如果食品浪费是一个国家,它的排放量将排在美国和中国之后,位列第三。
”切题。
故选F。
(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Thatdeliverytruckcancarrymealsforyouanddozensofneighbors. ”那辆送货卡车可以为你和几十个邻居送饭。
承接上文,C.Inthatcase,youmightreplacedozensofcartripswithonetrucktrip.“在这种情况下,你可以用一次卡车旅行来代替几十次汽车旅行。
”切题。
故选C。
(4)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“Alltheenvironmentalbenefitsarelost.Butifthepackagingcanbereused,youcangetsomebenefits.”所有的环境效益都丧失了。
但是如果包装可以重复使用,您可以获得一些好处。
承接下文,B.Ifit'ssingle-useandthrownaway,thepackagingisakiller.“如果一次性使用并被丢弃,包装就是一个杀手。
”切题。
故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
3.任务型阅读
InformationOverload
Inmodernsociety,ifwe'retryingtomakeadecision,weoftenhavesomuchinformationthatwegetconfused,andwedon'tknowwhattodo.Thisstateisknownasinformationoverload.________ Itcancausestress,frustrationandreducedproductivity.Butwhatcanwedointhefaceofinformationoverload?
•Planforonlyonetimeeachdaytochecke-mail,socialmessagingsites,Wechat,etc.Don'tallowyourselftocheckmultipletimes,unlessyoutrulyarewaitingforanimportante-mail.________Andthateatsupyourvaluabletimebeforegettingaway.
Ifyouaresufferingfromtoomanyelectronicinterruptionsduringtheweekday,askpeopletocallortextyouduringworkhoursonlyifit'sreallyanemergency.________
Remindyourselfthatit'sokaytonotknoweverything.Infact,it'simpossibletokeepupwiththepaceoftheinformationsuperhighway.Thesooneryouacceptthat,thehappieryou'llbe.________ Itisgoodtofallbehindontheinformationthatreallyisn'tworthyourattention.
________Setasidearegulartimeeachweekwhereyouandotherfamilymembersdonotuseanykindofelectronicmediatechnologies,includingtelevision.Itcouldbesomethingyoudoeveryweekend,orperhapsanhourortwoeveryevening.
A.Justcatchupwiththehappiestmoment.
B.Knowwhat'sworthknowingandwhatisn't.
C.Eachtimeyougoonline,youruntheriskofbeingaddictedtoit.
D.Spendtimewithyourfamilyfreefromelectronicproducts.
E.Weneedtofindsomeeffectivewaystoprocesstheinformation.
F.Almosteveryonesuffersfromittosomedegree.
G.Otherwisetheyandyouendupstealingtimefromyouremployer.
【答案】F;C;G;B;D
【解析】【分析】我们经常有这么多的信息以至于我们会感到迷惑从而不知道如何选择,本文作者就针对如何面对信息过剩这一问题,给出了自己的建议。
(1)语义理解。
由Thisstateisknownasinformationoverload.和Itcancausestress,frustrationandreducedproductivity.Butwhatcanwedointhefaceofinformationoverload?
可知这里意思是几乎每个人在某种程度上都在遭受这种痛苦,故答案为F。
(2)语义理解。
由Andthateatsupyourvaluabletimebeforegettingaway.这会在你离开之前浪费你宝贵的时间。
可知这里意思是每次你上网都会冒着沉迷于网络的风险,故答案为C。
(3)语义理解。
由Ifyouaresufferingfromtoomanyelectronicinterruptionsduringtheweekday,askpeopletocallortextyouduringworkhoursonlyifit'sreallyanemergency.如果工作日你有太多的电子干扰救就让人们只有在紧急情况下才能在工作时间打电话或发短信给你。
可知这里意思是否则,他们和你最终会从雇主那里偷时间,故答案为G。
(4)语义理解。
由Itisgoodtofallbehindontheinformationthatreallyisn'tworthyourattention落后于那些不值得你注意的信息是很好的。
可知这里意思是知道什么是值得了解的,什么是不值得的,故答案为B。
(5)语义理解。
由Setasidearegulartimeeachweekwhereyouandotherfamilymembersdonotuseanykindofelectronicmediatechnologies,includingtelevision.可知这里意思是花时间和你的家人在一起,免于受到电子设备的干扰,故答案为D。
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案,在文章中找不到答案时,要完全理解句子,根据同义词,句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词,短语或者句子的词。
4.Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
Collegegraduationeventuallymeanstakingmuchofyourattentioninyourfirstjobsearch.Thisprocesscanbechallenging,especiallyforthosestudentswhohadthoughtv