英语国家概况 论文.docx

英语国家概况 论文.docx

《英语国家概况 论文.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语国家概况 论文.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

TheSportsCultureoftheUnitedKingdom

…AnIntroductiontotheUK

姓名：

谢宏桥

学号：

2012213047

班级：

七班

分数：

2013年12月20日

WhenitcomestotheUnitedKingdom,PeoplewillalwaysthinkoftheBritishgentlemenwithtraditionalhatandcane.Infact,sportsareastraditionalasgentlemeninBritain.TheUnitedKingdom,atraditionalandstrongcountrynotonlyintheareaofindustryandcomprehensivenationalstrength,butalsointheareaofsports,hasalonghistoryforplayingsports.AlotofmajorsportsoriginatedintheUK,includingassociationfootball,golf,tennis,boxing,rugbyleague,rugbyunion,cricket,fieldhockey,snooker,billiards,squash,curlingandbadminton,allofwhicharepopularinBritain.Eventhetabletennisandbaseball,theChineseandAmericannationalsports,originatedfromBritain.NowBritishsportsnotonlyaffectthesocialcontextathome,butalsohaveagreatimpactoutsidehome.WeevencanregardthesportsasareflectionofBritishculture.LefsknowaboutBritainfromitssportsculture.

1.VariousimportantsportsoriginatingintheUK

1.1Associationfootball.

Associationfootball,morecommonlyknownasfootballorsoccer,isaveryimportantsportoriginatedinhistraditionalhome—Englandinthe19thcentury.ThelawsofthegamewereoriginallycodifiedinEnglandbytheFootballAssociationin1863andhaveevolvedsincethen.TheUKhastheoldestfootballleagueintheworld.TheEnglishPremierLeagueisthemost-watchedfootballleagueintheworldanditsbiggestclubsincludeManchesterUnited,Liverpool,ArsenalandChelsea.Nowfootballhasbeenthemostfamoussportinternationallythroughhundredsofyears'developing.NowAssociationfootballisgovernedinternationallybyFIFA（FederationInternationalFootballAssociation）,whichorganizestheFIFAWorldCupeveryfouryears.

Actually,footballcanreflecttheBritishculturecompletely.Beckham,thefamousformerfootballstarofBritain,hassaid:

"Footballhasbeenassociatedwithourcountry'scultureandexistedinourDNA.Sincewewereborntotheworld,footballhasbeenaccompanyingwithusandneverseparatedwithus.MFromtheseworlds,wecanreadthecloserelationshipbetweenfootballandcultureintheUK.Themosttypicalculturereflectedinfootballisthegentilityculture.Insomesportreportsinthe19thcentury,Britishfootballplayersarecalled"Mr."allthetime.Anotheraspectofculturereflectedintheconsciousnessofnation.Asweknow,BritaintakesfourpositionsintheFIFA—theycantakeoutfourteamstotakepartintheWorldCup.ThisreflectstheleadingpositionoftheGreatBritaininthe20thcenturywhileitreflectsthattheUKconsistsoffourparts—England,Scotland,Wales,andNorthIreland.Asaresult,untiltoday,FootballinBritainisrenownedfortheintenserivalriesbetweenclubsandthepassionofthesupporters.WhenwewatchafootballgameofateamfromBritain,itwillbemoreattractiveifwehaveknownaboutthefootballcultureoftheUK.

1.2ManyothersportsoriginatedintheUK.

Comparedwithfootball,anothersimilarfamoussportcalledrugbyalsooriginatedintheBritain.In1845,rugbyunionwascreatedwhenthefirstruleswerewrittenbypupilsatRugbySchool,Warwickshire.ThefirstinternationalRugbytookplaceonMarch27,1871,playedbetweenEnglandandScotland.By1881bothIrelandandWaleshadteams.Butintheworld,rugbyisn'tasfamousasfootball.

ThemoderncompetitivegolforiginatedinScotland.TheroyalandAncientGolfClubofStAndrewsinScotlandisthissporfshomecourse.ThePGA（ProfessionalGolfer'AssociationofAmerica）EuropeanTourisheadquarteredinEngland,andthemainEuropeanTourplaysmoreeventsintheUKthaninanyothercountry.Intheearly20thcenturyBritishgolfers,beingthebestintheworld,wonnearlyalloftheU.S.OpenchampionshipsbeforeWorldWarI.EventhoughAmericangolferslaterbecamedominant,Britainhascontinuedtoproduceleadinggolfers.AnumberofBritishgolfershavereachedtheworld'stop10intheearly2000s,suchastheBritishfamousgolfstar,LeeWestwoodwhoendedTigerWoods*five-yearreignatoptherankingsinautumn2010.

TennisisyetanothersportwhichoriginatedintheEnglandin1870s.Whenitwascreated,thetennisspreadallaroundtheworld.TheoldestandfamoustennistournamentintheworldistheWimbledonchampionshipswhichfirstoccurredin1877.Today,theeventtakesplaceovertwoweeksinlateJuneandearlyJuly.ThemostsuccessfultennisplayerinBritainiscalledFredPerrywhowastheeight-timeSlamwinnerandoneoftheonlysevenmeninhistorytohavewonallfourGrandSlamevents.

Cricket,themosttypicallyBritishsport,hasbeeninexistencesincethe16thcentury.ThemoderngameofcricketwascreatedinEnglandinthe1830swhenroundarmbowlingwaslegalized.Thefirst-evertestmatchofcrickettookplacebetweenanEnglandteamandanAustralianteamin1876-1877.Inthegame,W.G.Graceisregardedasoneofthegreatestcricketplayersofalltimebecauseoftheimportancehemadetothedevelopmentofthesport.Now,theinternationalgameofcricketistheFive-dayCornhillTestMatch.

Aswecansee,therearesomanykindsofsportsoriginatedintheUKandwhatIlistisjustpartofthem.Wecangetaconclusion:

theUKisacountrywhichadvocatessportsvery.Theytaketheirleisuretimeveryseriouslyandtheylovesports,sotheytrytheirbesttothinkofallkindsofwaytorelaxtheirbodiesandtakepartinsports.ThenwecanimagewhatkindofnationandtraditionalculturetheGreatBritainiscompetedwithothernationssuchasChina.

Ithinkthereiscloserelationshipbetweenthesportscultureandthefastdevelopmentofindustryandcomprehensivenationalstrengthlater.Ontheonehand,thegreatcreationreflectedinsportsimprovedthattheywerereallycreativeandworkinghard,sothereisnosurprisethattheUKbecamethestrongestcountryinindustry,ontheotherhand,withtheindustrialrevolutioninthe19thcentury,theindustrializationandtheurbanizationinGreatBritain,largequantitiesofpeoplewereliberatedfromhardwork,andtheyhadmorefreetime.Sotheyhadmoreotherwaystokillthetime.Asaresult,varioussportswerecreatedandgotgreatdevelopment.Ihavetosaythisisaluckynationandwearealsoluckytogetsomanybenefitsfromthesesports.

2.TheeducationofsportsintheUK

Withsodistinctivesportsculture,theeducationofsportsinBritainmustbepaidmuchattentionto.Withthedevelopingconceptofeducationtosports,Britishpeoplehaveformedanintegratedsystemaboutphysicaleducation.TherearemanydifferencesaboutthephysicaleducationbetweenChinaandtheUK.Ithinkitdependsonthedifferentsportsculturesandthedegreeofimportanceispaidtothephysicaleducation.

SincelongtimeagoinChina,thefieldofPEwasboundedtothetraditionalconceptofeducation.Inphysicaleducation,children'sbasicknowledgeandskillswerepaidmoreimportancetowhilethepersonalvalueandpersonaldevelopmentwereignored.Atthesametime,students*creationonsportswasignored,asaresultofwhich,students*interestsandhobbiescouldnotgrow.InmodernChina,PEclassesarealsotreatedasasecondarycourseallthetimeandthereneverbeanexaminationonPEclassbeforethecollegeeducation.Evenincollege,thePEclassesarealsonotpaidenoughattention.Ontheotherhand,becauseofthelowattentionofthePEeducation,studentshaveformedtheconceptthataPEclassisnotimportant.Thentheresultisthatgenerallythephysicaleducationisinalowlevelcomparedwithothercountries.IntheUK,thingsaredifferent.Enoughimportanceispaidtophysicaleducation.

TheimportantfactinBritainisthatthePEcourseisattributedtothe“corecourses”intheBritisheducationalsyllabus,itmeansthatthepositionofPEcourseisasimportantasthemajorcoursesinanystageofteens'education.Secondly,thestandardtothefinalscoresdoesnotjustdependonthefinalexams,anditconsistsoftwoparts,theordinaryscoreandthefinalscore.ThisstandardjustappearsincollegeeducationinChina.Thirdly,inBritain,PEcoursesarevarious,notonlyincollege,butalsoinanystageofteens'education.ThereisafactaboutBritishPEcourse:

in1988,thenationmadeastandardaboutPEcourse,whichshowedthattheavailablePEcoursesconsistofsixfields—thetrackandfield,dance,playinggames,gymnastics,theactivitiesoutsidedoorandswimming.Whafsmore,thepointsaresetineachstageofPEcoursesdependingonthestageofage.

Inaword,thePEeducationinBritainissuccessfulenough.Asaresultofthiskindofsuccessfulmodelofphysicaleducation,lotsoffamoussportseventsandadventurouspeopleappearinBritain.Thesportsculturesarealsoreflectedfromtheeducationonsports.WecanfeeltheeffortsBritishpeopledidonsportseducation.Theyrealizedthatbeforeitbecomesarealstrongcountry,itshouldbecomeastrongcountryinsports.Andtheeducationaboutsportscandirectlyaffecttheattitudeteensholdtothesportsandthenaffectthefutureofsports.

3.TheOlympicGamesandthesportscultureofBritain.

Asacountryfromwhichmanysportsoriginated,BritainisalsoconnectedcloselywiththeOlympicGames.IftheWorldWarIIhadn'thappened,LondonwouldhavebeenthefirstcitythathasthreeexperiencesofholdingtheOlympicGamesinthehistory.However,Londonrealizedherdreamin2012,holdingtheOlympicGamesthirdly.EventhoughintherecentseveralOlympics,theUKdidnotwinsomanygoldmedals,theinfluencesBritishsportsmadetotheworldaregreatandthepositionofBritishsportsish