考研英语真题Word文件下载.docx

考研英语真题Word文件下载.docx

《考研英语真题Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语真题Word文件下载.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

greatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.

　　“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat’susually14withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.”

　　Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.

　　1．[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Despite[D]Throughout

　　2．[A]connected[B]restricted[C]equal[D]inferior

　　3．[A]choice[B]view[C]lesson[D]host

　　4．[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep

　　5．[A]collecting[B]involving[C]guiding[D]affecting

　　6．[A]of[B]in[C]at[D]on

　　7．[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted

　　8．[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out

　　9．[A]calculated[B]denied[C]doubted[D]imagined

　　10．[A]served[B]required[C]restored[D]explained

　　11．[A]Even[B]Still[C]Rather[D]Thus

　　12．[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]tests[D]errors

　　13．[A]minimized[B]highlighted[C]controlled[D]increased

　　14．[A]equipped[B]associated[C]presented[D]compared

　　15．[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record

　　16．[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof

　　17．[A]transfer[B]commit[C]attribute[D]return

　　18．[A] 

because[B]unless[C]though[D]until

　　19．[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases

　　20．[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influences

SectionIIReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

　　Text1

　　Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

　　Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:

WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

　　Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration（TSA）foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons---bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago’sO’HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhas 

become—butthelinesareobvious.

　　Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

　　ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:

EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

　　Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.

　　TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

　　21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas_____.

　　[A]gainedgreatpopularity

　　[B]createdmanyjobs

　　[C]strengthenedcommunityties

　　[D] 

becomeanofficialfestival

　　22.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto_____.

　　[A]boostpopulationgrowth

　　[B]promotesportparticipation

　　[C]improvethecity’simage

　　[D]increasesporthoursinschools

　　23.ParkrunisdifferentformOlympicgamesinthatit____.

　　[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents

　　[B]focusesonmasscompetition

　　[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism

　　[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers

　　24.Withregardtomasssports,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould______.

　　[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents

　　[B]superviselocalsportsassociations

　　[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs

　　[D]investinpubicsportsfacilities

　　25.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavetodoneforsportsis_____.

　　[A]tolerant

　　[B]critical

　　[C]uncertain

　　[D]sympathetic

Text2

　　“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope（TMT）,agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.

　　AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

　　OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

　　Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland’sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;

itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

　　Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

　　TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

　　26.QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates

　　[A]itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

　　[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

　　[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

　　[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers’featsinhertime.

　　27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto

　　[A]itsgeographicalfeatures

　　[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.

　　[C]itsreligiousimplications.

　　[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.

　　28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartly 

because

　　[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.

　　[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

　　[C]theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.

　　[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.

　　29.Itca