学年人教版高中英语选修九学案讲义Unit 1 breaking recorders语法篇教师版.docx
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学年人教版高中英语选修九学案讲义Unit1breakingrecorders语法篇教师版
第2讲Unit1Breakingrecords语法篇
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1.掌握主语定义及常用词；
2.掌握主语从句的运用；
3.利用所学语法知识书面表达；
一.主语定义及构成
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词，词组或句子等充当。
二.分类讲解
1.名词做主语
1）ThedoctorlookedoverMrs.Brownverycarefully.
2）ChinadoesnotwanttocopytheUSA’sexample.
3）Amooncakeisadelicious,roundcake.
4）Thefirsttruckiscarryingafewbaskets.
5）Thetemperaturewillstayabovezero.
2.代词作主语
1）Heisateacher.
2）Idon’tknowifitwillgrow.
3）That’sabitexpensive.
4）You’dbetterbuyanewpair.
5）I’mafraidwehaven’tgotanyblackshoes.
6）it作主语:
往往指代时间,天气,日期,度量衡等;或指代前面所提到的事物;或未知的人等。
例如：
a.Lookatthehouse,it’snew.
b.It’smyfault.
c.It’sfiveo’clock.
d.Itisrainingheavilyoutside.
3.数词做主语
1）Oneandtwoisthree.
2）Oneisnotenoughforme.Iwantonemore.
3）OneofthemisEnglish.
4）Suddenlyoneofthebagsfelloffthetruck.
5）Twowillbeenough.
4.不定式作主语:
动词不定式表示比较具体的意义,经常和特定的动作和执行者联系起来,经常带时间或地点状语,有时表示将要发生的动作。
1）Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnoeasyjob.
2）Todoitwellismyearnestdesire.
3）Toseethisfilmistowastetime.
4）Tosolvethisproblemisoutofthequestion.
**动词不定式作主语时,常见的另一种形式是在句首用先行代词it
作形式主语,而将动词不定式移到谓语之后作真正主语。
用于这种形式是一些特定形容词,动词和名词。
如：
1）形容词作表语（常见的形容词有：
important,difficult,easy等）
Itisfoolishtoactinthisway.
2）动词作谓语（常见的动词有：
require,cost,amuse等）
Itdidn’toccurtometoaskhimtohelpme.
3）名词作表语:
Itisagoodideatothinkthisway.
5.动名词作主语
1）Beinghappyisbetterthanbeingking.
2）Worryingneverdoesanyonegood.
3）Yaoming’srejoiningintheteammakestheteammateexcited.
（动名词作主语,前面可加代词或名词的所有格做其逻辑主语。
）
4）Collectingstampsisagoodhobby.
5）Swimmingisabestsportinsummer.
（动名词表示比较抽象（一般）和经常性的意义,有时可同不定式互换。
）
6）Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappen.
7）Thereisnodenyingthefact.
8）Thereisnoneedinforminghimofit.
9）形容词作表语（常见的形容词有：
enjoyable,good,hard,worthwhile）
Itisnicetalkingtoyou.
10）名词作表语
It’sawasteoftimedoingthis.
（在句首用先行代词it作形式主语面将动名词短语移至谓语之后作真实主语。
）
**主语为动词不定式和动名词时,其谓语常用单数形式。
如：
Togiveisbetterthantoreceive.
Itwasdifficulttosee.
It’sbesttowearcoolclothes.
Playingismuchbetterthanhavingclasses.
6.词组作主语
1）Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.
2）Therichshouldcontributemoretotheworldwelfare.
3）From1990tillto2003isalongperiodoftime.
4）FromBeijingtoGuangzhouisalongdistance.
7.从句作主语
1）ThathewillcomehereonWednesdayiscertain.
2）WhetherhewillcomehereonWednesdayisnotcertain.
**It作形式主语
a.Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.
例如：
Itisnousecryingwhilethemilkissplitout.
b.Itis+adj.+of/forsb.todo
例如：
Itiswiseofhimtocarryouttheplanofrecyclingthewaste.
Itisdifficultformetorun800metersin3minutes.
c.Itisreported/knowntoall/announced/said...that从句
例如：
ItisreportedthatLiuxiangquitedthecompetitionbecausehegotinjuredintheleg.
1.Itworriedherabit ____herhairwasturninggrey.
A.whileB.thatC.if D.for
解析：
分析题干，it是形式主语，从句句意完整只用that起引导作用是真正的主语。
答案：
B。
2._______breaksthelawwillbepunished.
A.WhoB.WhoeverC.NomatterwhoD.Anyone
解析：
分析题干及选项，句子主语为“_______breaksthelaw”，从而判断C、D不对；who指固定“谁（人）”，因此选B。
答案：
B。
3.Tom’s mother kept telling him that he mustn’t smoke,but ____ didn’t help.
A.he B.whichC.it D.they
解析：
分析题干，含有but的并列句缺少主语，而且可以代替前面整句话内容，用it。
答案：
C。
4.______ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A.WhatB.IfC.ThatD.Whether
解析：
分析题干，主语为“______ you don’t like him”，从句句意完整，排除A；根据句意选C。
答案：
C。
5.They live on a busy main road. ________ must be very noisy.
A.There B.ItC.ThatD.They
解析：
根据句意，it代替上句中mainroad作主语。
答案：
B。
6._______hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.Who B.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever
解析：
分析题干及选项，句子主语为“_______hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirl”，从而判断B、C不对；who指固定“谁（人）”，因此选D。
答案：
D。
基础演练
A
指出下列句中主语或主语中心词
1.Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.
2.Thereisanoldmancominghere.
3.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
4.Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.
5.Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.
6.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.
7.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.
8.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.
9.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.
10.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.
11.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.
12.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.
Keys：
1.teacher2.man3.dictionary4.Todo5.music6.We7.One-thirdofthestudents8.Toswim9.Smoking10.Therich11.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtext12.It（tomasteraforeignlanguage）
B
1.Itneveroccurredtome___youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.
A．whichB．whatC．thatD．if
2.It'sobvioustothestudents________theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.
A．asB．thatC．whichD．whether
3.________somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplugbymanyothers.
A．Whether B．What C．That D．How
4.Itisuncertain________sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.
A．thatB．howC．whatD．whether
5.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.
A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpected
C.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected
6.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.
A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does
7.It________Bobdrivesbadly.
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat
8.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
9.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.
A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which
10.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.
A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what
11.____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
12.____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
13._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.
A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who
14._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.
A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That
15.______hewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.
A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This
Keys：
1-5CBBAD6-10DDCAA11-15CBDAC
巩固提高
一.完成句子。
1.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。
__________youwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.
2.她来不来都无关紧要。
___________sheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.
3.我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。
__________istoservethepeople.
4.他们什么时候来还不知道。
__________hasn’tbeenmadepubic.
5.众所周知,光沿直线传播。
__________lighttravelsinstraightlines.
6.鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。
__________thewhaleisnotafish.
7.他拒绝和你说话真是令人惊讶。
Itwasreallyastonishingthat__________.
8.没有赶上这趟火车没有关系，稍晚还有一趟。
Itdoesnotmatter___________,becausethereisanotherlater.
二.单项选择。
1.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever
2.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.
A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
3.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.
A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotknown
4.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.
A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.Owingtoafewminuteslate
C.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate
5.______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.
A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What
6.._______youcomeornotisuptoyou.
A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether
7._______makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.
A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Anybody
8._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.
A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How
9.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
Keys：
一.1That2.Whether3.Whateverwedo4.Whentheywillcome
5.Itisknowntoallthat6.Itiscommonknowledgethat7.herefusedtotalktoyou
8.ifImissedmytrain
二.1-9CBACBDCAC
1.hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever
2.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.
A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what
3.we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
4.hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.
A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter
5.wastoreturntoschool.
A.ThatreallyinterestedhimB.Whatreallyinterestedhim
C.WhichreallyinterestedhimD.Thatinteresthimreally
6.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.
A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How
7.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
8.___isknowntousallthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.
A.WhichB.asC.WhatD.It
9.WhatIsay___noneofyourbusiness.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
10.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.
A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto
11._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.
A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who
12._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.
A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That
13._______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.
A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.W
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