口腔医学专业英语 _边专主编.docx
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随着21世纪的到来，我国对高层次专业人才的需求将越来越大，专业英语对口腔医学生而言愈发显得重要，为帮助口腔医学专业本科生、研究生提高专业英语水平，顺应我国改革发展的步伐，拓展就业范围，我们特组织了一批专家学者编写了《口腔专业外语》一书，以期满足这方面的要求。
本书为武汉大学“十五”规划系列教材之一，共分为三部分，第一部分为临床情景对话，由10章组成，涉及门诊预约、口腔检查、治疗计划等各种临床场景；第二部分为口腔专业知识，由32章组成，涉及口腔生物学、口腔病理学、牙体牙髓学、牙周病学、预防医学和儿童口腔医学、口腔修复学、口腔颌面外科学、口腔正畸学、口腔影像学、口腔材料学等学科；第三部分为附录，由两章组成，包括在IADR投稿须知和词汇表。
为了方便读者的阅读，我们在每篇文章后面附有专业词汇、音标和较复杂句子的中文翻译。
本书的编写过程中还特别得到香港大学牙学院的Dr.RobertNg和英语学习中心的Dr.VivienBerry的大力支持和帮助，他们撰写的情景英语一章为本书增加了特色，在此表示衷心的感谢。
本书不仅可以作为本科生、研究生的专业英语的教材，还可以作为广大的临床医师提高英语水平，接诊外籍患者的一本工具书。
由于参加本教材编写的时间短，编写过程中限于编者的水平，书中难免会有许多疏漏、粗浅甚至谬误之处，恳请广大读者和老师提出宝贵意见。
Content
Section1 ConversationinDentalClinics
（1）
Section2 Text （16）
Unit1 Development,StructureandpHofDentalPlaque （16）
Unit2 OralEcologyandDentalCaries （24）
Unit3 Saliva （33）
Unit4 AToothandItsSurroundings （41）
Unit5 ConservativeCavityPreparations （47）
Uint6 ClinicalClassificationofPulpalandPeriapicalDisease （57）
Unit7 ObturationoftheCleanedandShapedRootCanalSystem （65）
Unit8 HistologyandPhysiologyoftheDentalPulp （72）
Unit9 Endodonticdiagnosticprocedures （85）
Unit10Periodontitis （94）
Unit11TobaccoandOralDiseases （101）
Unit12AntimicrobialEffectsofMechanicalDebridement （107）
Unit13PulpotomyandRadicalTreatmentforPrimaryDentition （113）
Unit14CystsoftheJaws （121）
Unit15TemporomandibularDisorders （133）
Unit16CorrectionofDentofacialDeformities （148）
Unit17FacialTrauma （157）
Unit18CurrentManagementofOralCancer；AMultidisciplinaryApproach （167）
Unit19 Removablepartialdenture （173）
Unit20 PrincipleofToothPreparation （ISO）
Unit21 OverviewofImplantDentistry （188）
Unit22 Overdentures （201）
Unit23GuidelinesforUsingPostsintheRestorationofEndodonticallyTreatedTeath （208）
Unit24 EstablishingJawRelationships of CompleteDenture （218）
Unit25 OrthodonticAppliances （226）
Unit26 TreatmentPlanningandManagement （234）
Unit27 TheRationaleforOrthodontic Treatment （244）
Unit28 PrimaryPreventiveDentistryI （253）
Unit29
Unit30
Unit31
Unit32
Appendix1
Appendix2
PrimaryPreventiveDentistryII （258）
Interpretationofnormalintraoralradiograph （262）
InvestmentMaterials （275）
Cusp-To-FossaWaxingTechnique （283）
RegulationsRegardingIADR Presentations （290）
WordList （294）
Section1ConversationinDentalClinics
MakinganappointmentI
MrJohnson：
Fdliketomakeanappointmenttoseeadentist.
DrRobbins：
Ofcourse.Doyoujustwanttohaveacheck-upordoyouhaveaparti cularproblem?
MrJohnson：
Yes,I'mhavingtroublewithatoothwhichisverypainfultochewon.
DrRobbins；We'dbettertakealookatthistoothsoontofindoutwhafswrongwithit.Ifyouareavailable,wehaveavacantslottoseeyoutomorrowafternoonat3pm.
MrJohnson：
Thafsverythoughtfulofyou.I'lltakethatappointment.
DrRobbins：
CanIhaveyournameandcontactnumberplease?
MrJohnson：
Thankyouverymuch.MynameisMarkJohnsonandmyphonenum beris21,43,77,16.Onemorething,whatwillyoudotomorrowandhowmuchisitlikelytocost?
DrRobbins：
rilexaminethetoothandprobablyneedtotakesomeradiographs.OnceIknowwhafswrongwiththetooth,I'lldiscussthechoiceoftreatmentavailablewithyou.TheinitialconsultationfeeincludingtheradiographsisXXdollars.
MakinganappointmentII
MrsAdams：
Hello,I'mMaryAdams.CanImakeanappointmentforadentalcheck-upnextMondaymorning?
DrJones：
Fmsorrywe'reallbookeduponthatday.Howaboutthedayafter,onTuesdaymorningat10?
MrsAdams：
Ithinkthat'llbeokay.But,ifyouhaveacancellationonMondaymorning,canyoucontactmeandletmeknow?
Mytelephonenximberis754,909,88.
DrJones：
Noproblem,I'llmakeanoteintheappointmentbook.Haveyoubeentooursurgerybefore?
Ifyouareoneofourpatients,canIhaveyourpatientrecordnum ber?
MrsAdams：
No,IamanewpatientbutIknowwhereyouarebecauseyouwererecommendedbyoneofmycolleagues,MrsLee...
DrJones:
Good,Ilookforwardtoseeingyoutomorrow.
2
ExaminationI
DrMcDonald：
GoodafternoonMrUnderwood.I'mDrMcDonaldandI'mgoingtocarryoutanexaminationofyourteethandmouth.Doyoufeelyouhaveanyspecificproblemswithyourteethormouth?
MrUnderwood：
Goodafternoon,DrMcDonald.FmnotgettingpainfrommyteethbutIhaven'thadacheck-upforalongtimeandI*mabitnervous.
DrMcDonald：
IunderstandhowyoufeelandIlltakecarenottocauseyouanydis comfort.Bytheway,howlongagowasyourlastvisittoadentist?
MrUnderwood：
IthinkmylastvisitwasabouttwoandahalfyearsagobutI'mnotentirelysure.
DrMcDonald：
Usuallyhowoftendoyouseeadentist?
MrUnderwood：
AsIsaid,FmnervousofdentistsandIalsohaveabusyschedule,soIdon'tseeadentistregularly.Iusuallyhaveacheck-upifIthinkI'veleftitfortoolongorIbelieveIhavesomeproblemswithmyteeth.
DrMcDonald：
Isee.Asyou'veneverbeenherebefore,Ijustneedyoutoanswerafewquestionsrelatedtoyourhealth.ThequestionsareprintedonthissheetofpaperandI'dbegratefulifyoucouldgothroughthequestionsandanswerthem.Thenwecanproceedtotheexamination.
（duringtheoralexamination）
DrMcDonald：
MrUnderwood,you'regoingtofeelmeusinganinstrumentonyourteethasIhavetocheckwhetherthereareanycavitiesinyourteethandtheconditionoftheexistingfillingsandcrowns.ThenFmgoingtochecktheconditionofyourgumsanditmightfeelalittlebituncomfortableasIhavetoexaminearoundandinbetweenyourteeth.
DrMcDonald；I'vefinishedtheexaminationandI'dliketotakeasetofx-rayfilmstocheckforanyproblemsinbetweenyourteethandunderneaththegums.
ExaminationII
DrPeters：
Goodmorning,MrBusby.Howareyoutoday?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
MrBusby：
GoodmorningDrLiu.I'mfineexceptforthistoothintheupperrightsidethat'sbeenhurtingonandoffforthepastfewweeks.
DrPeters：
Okay.Whendidyoulastattendadentalsurgery?
Canyourememberwhereyourlastdentistwas?
MrBusby：
InormallytrytoseeadentistatleastonceayearbutsometimesitcanbedifficultasIhavetotravelaroundthecountryduetowork.IthinkIlastsawadentistabout6monthsagowhenIwasworkinginGuangzhou.
DrPeters：
Didyoureceiveanytreatmentfromyourpreviousdentist?
MrBusby：
Yes,Inoticedtherewasacavityinoneofmyteethfromtheupperrightsideandthedentistputafillinginthere.
DrPeters：
Fromthemedicalhistoryyou'vejustfilledout,youstatethatyousufferfromhighbloodpressure.Areyouunderthecareofamedicaldoctororahospital?
Al so,apartfromthemedicationsyou'velisted,haveyoubeenadvisedtodoanythingelsetocontrolthebloodpressure?
MrBusby：
Yes,mybloodpressureischeckedregularlyandI'vebeenaskedbymydoctortoeatmorehealthyfoodandavoidverysaltyfood.
DrBusby：
Alright.IthinkI'lltakealookinsideyourmouthnowandcheckyourteethandgums.
ExaminationIII
MissRidgeway：
Goodafternoon,DrTowers.I'mhereforadentalcheck-upbutI'mworriedaboutmywisdomteeth.I'vebeengettingsomepainfromthelowerrightsideandmyfriendstoldmethatit'dbemywisdomtooth.
DrTowers；Okay.Beforewecheckonyourwisdomteeth,weneedtoknowaboutyourgeneralhealth.Here'sastandardmedicalquestionnaire,pleaseansweralltheques tionslistedandtakeyourtime.
（aftercompletionofthequestionnaire）
DrTowers：
Iseeyou'regenerallyfitandhealthy.Letmeproceedtotheoralexami nation.
（duringtheexamination）
DrTowers：
Theconditionsofyourteethandgumsappeartobefine.I'dseethatthelowerrightwisdomtoothiseruptingandthegumsaroundthetoothlooksabitswol len.HowevertI'dnotseeanyoftheotherwisdomteeth.I'drecommendtakingabigx-rayfilmofyourjawstodeterminethenumberandpositionsofyourwisdomteeth.
MissRidgeway：
Yes,DIhavethex-raytakenbutcanyoutellmewhetherit'sgoingtohurt.
DrTowers：
No,MissRidgeway.Havingthistypeofx-raytakenisusuallypainless.However,you'llhavetokeepverystillwhileit'sbeingdone.
MissRidgeway；Thankyou.
3
PresentationofTreatmentPlanI
DrSamson：
MrsWu,Tvenowcompletedtheexaminationandthex-raysfilmshavebeendeveloped.Letmejustdouble-checkyourteethandgumswiththex-rays.
MrsWu：
Okay,doctor.
DrSamson：
Icanseethereareacoupleofcavitiesinyourteeththatrequiresomeattention.Accordingtothex-ray,oneofthemseemstobeverydeepandmightaffectthenerveinsidethetooth.There*salsoabrokenoldfillinginoneofyourupperfrontteeth.Thatneedstobereplaced.However,beforewestartonthefillings,youwillneedtoseethehygienisttohaveyourteethandgumscleaned.
MrsWu：
Isitnecessarytohavemyteethandgumscleaned?
Idon'tfeelanypainfromthem.
DrSamson：
Iknowyou'reprobablynotsufferinganypainbutIcanseethatsomeareasofyourgumsareredandswollenandthafsusuallyduetoproblemsincleaningthoseareas.Also,someofyourteetharestained,probablyfromtea,andtherearemul tipledepositsoftartararoundyourteeth.
MrsWu：
CanIdelaythecleaningtoalaterdate?
I'dprefertohavethefillingsdonefirst.
DrSamson：
ThafspossiblebutIwouldadviseagainstit.ThereasonwhyI'drecom mendcleaningtheteethandgumsfirstistoimprovetheconditionofyourmouthandifllmakeprovidingthefillingsaneasiertask.
MrsWu：
Okay.Ihave2otherquestions.Whatsortofmaterialareyougoingtousetoreplacethebrokenfillinginmyupperfronttooth?
Iwantthefinalresulttolooknice.Secondly,y
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