现代大学英语精读3 期末考试课程复习要点总结.docx

现代大学英语精读3 期末考试课程复习要点总结.docx

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现代大学英语精读3期末考试课程复习要点总结

LessonOne

YourCollegeYears

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Lesson1–YourCollegeYears

●Author

BobHartmanwasborninPittsburgh,theUnitedStates,andmovedtoEnglandinthesummerof2000.Hehasbeenworkingasastorytellerforchildrenformorethanadecadeandisapart-timepastor.

Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.

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ComprehensionQuestions

●﹡Whatdoestheauthormeanbydevelopmentalchanges?

●﹡WhatdeterminesidentityaccordingtoErikH.Erickson?

●﹡InJefferyA.Hoffman’sopinion,whatarethefourdistinctaspectstopsychologicalseparationfromone’sparents?

●﹡Whatdoestheauthormeanby“internalizing”religiousfaith,valuesandmorals?

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●Para.1

●﹡Whereisthetopicsentenceofthisparagraph?

●﹡Haveyoueverexperiencedanyimportantchangessinceyoumovedfromadolescencetoadulthood?

●﹡HowaboutthechangesafteryouenteredNanjingNormalUniversity?

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●personnel

●→[plural]thepeoplewhoworkinacompany,organization,ormilitaryforce

●military/medical/technicaletcpersonnel

●seniormilitarypersonnel

●doctorsandothermedicalpersonnel

●Allpersonnelaretoreceivesecuritybadges.

●→[uncountable]thedepartmentinacompanythatchoosespeopleforjobsanddealswiththeircomplaints,problemsetcsynonymhumanresources

●AcopyshouldthenbesenttoPersonnelforourfiles.

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●maturity

●→atmaturity

●Thetreewillreachonly5feetatmaturity.

●→reach/cometo/growtomaturity

●Theseinsectsreachfullmaturityafterafewweeks.

●→sexual/emotional/physicalmaturity

●Helackstheemotionalmaturitytoappreciatepoetry.

●（mature,immaturity）

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●dawn

●→ifdayormorningdawns,itbegins

●Themorningdawnedfreshandclearafterthestorm.

●→ifaperiodoftimeorsituationdawns,itbegins

●TheageofDarwinhaddawned.

●→ifafeelingorideadawns,youhaveitforthefirsttime

●Itbegantodawnthatsomethingwaswrong.

●→dawnonsomebody:

ifafactdawnsonyou,yourealizeitforthefirsttime

●ItdawnedonmethatJoannahadbeenrightallalong.

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●Para.2

●﹡Whereisthetopicsentence?

●﹡Doyouagreewiththeauthorthatyoungadultslikecollegestudentsareboundtogothroughanidentitycrisis?

●﹡Haveyouhadanyidentitycrisisyourselfordoyouknowanybodywhohas?

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Lesson1–YourCollegeYears

●TextAnalysis

Question:

Howdocollegestudentsgothroughanidentitycrisisatcollege?

Whatfactorsmayinfluenceidentity?

Studentsendeavortofindoutwhotheyareandwhattheirstrengthsandweaknessesare.Theywanttoknowhowotherpeopleperceivethemselvesaswell.

Identitymaybeinfluencedbygenes,environmentandopportunities.

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●gothrough

●→toexperienceadifficultorunpleasantsituation,feelingetc

●Whenyou'regoingthroughacrisis,itoftenhelpstotalktosomeone

●→toexperienceaparticularprocess

●Candidatesmustgothroughaprocessofselection.

●→touseupmoneyorasupplyofsomething

●Wewentthroughfivepintsofmilklastweek.

●→ifadealoragreementgoesthrough,itisofficiallyacceptedandagreed

●Heacceptedtheofferandthedealwentthrough.

●→tosearchsomethinginordertofindsomethinginparticular

●Davewentthroughhispocketslookingforthekeys.

●→toreadordiscusssomethinginordertomakesureitiscorrect

●We'llgothroughthedetailslateron.

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●endeavour

●→（verb）totryveryhard

●endeavourtodosomething

●Wealwaysendeavortopleaseourcustomers.

●→（noun）anattempttodosomethingnewordifficult

●scientific/creativeetcendeavour

●anoutstandingexampleofhumanendeavor

●endeavourtodosomething

●Theymadeeveryendeavourtofindthetwoboys.

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●perceive

●→tounderstandorthinkofsomethingorsomeoneinaparticularway

●perceivesomething/somebodyassomething

●Evenasayoungwomanshehadbeenperceivedasafuturechiefexecutive.

●perceivesomething/somebodytobesomething

●Childrenwhodobadlyinschooltestsoftenperceivethemselvestobefailures.

●→（formal）tonotice,see,orrecognizesomething

●Thatmorning,heperceivedachangeinFranca'smood.

●Catsarenotabletoperceivecolour.

●perceivethat

●Heperceivedthattherewasnootherwayoutofthecrisis.

●（perception,perceptive）

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●…identityisdeterminedbygeneticendowment（whatisinheritedfromparents）,shapedbyenvironment,andinfluencedbychanceevents.

●Whoweareisdeterminedbythreethings:

first,ourgenes,orwhatourparentshavegivenus;second,environment;third,luckoropportunities.

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●Para.3

●﹡Whereisthetopicsentence?

●﹡Howdoyouunderstandthefirstsentence?

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Lesson1–YourCollegeYears

●TextAnalysis

❷

Question:

Whatdoes“it”refertohere?

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Lesson1–YourCollegeYears

●TextAnalysis

❷

Forreference:

“it”referstotheindependence/dependencestruggle.Intothelateradolescencestage,youngadultstendtobecomelessdependenton,evenindependentfromtheirparents.Forthosewhochoosetoentertheworkworld,theymaybecomefinanciallyindependentfromtheirparents,whileforothersenteringintocollege,thestruggleseemsstrongerfortheystillneedtheirparents’support,sayformoney.

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●independentdependent

●→beindependentof/from

●Bythisage,thechildbecomesrelativelyindependentofhismother

●→bedependenton/upon

●Norway'seconomyisheavilydependentonnaturalresources.

●Jan'smotherwasdependentonherforphysicalcare

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●Itmaybeheightenedbytheirchoicetopursueacollegeeducation.

●Iftheychoosetogotocollegetocontinuetheireducation,theywillfaceanevenmoreseriousstrugglebetweenthedesiretobeindependentandtheneedtodependentonthefinancialsupportoftheirparents.

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●Para.4

●﹡Whereisthetopicsentence?

●﹡AccordingtoJefferyA.Hoffman’sobservation,therearefourdistinctaspectstopsychologicalseparationfromone’sparents.Whatarethey?

Howdoyouunderstandthem?

●1.Functionalindependence.

●2.Attitudinalindependence.

●3.Emotionalindependence.

●4.Freedomfrom“excessiveguilt,anxiety,mistrust,responsibility,inhibition,resentment,andangerinrelationtothemotherandfather.”（Psychologicalindependence）

●﹡Howaboutyourpsychologicalseparationfromyourparents?

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●handlingfinances:

learninghowtospendmoneywisely

●choosingtheirownwardrobes:

choosingtheirownclothes

●determiningtheirdailyagenda:

determiningwhattheyaregoingtodoeveryday

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●attitude

●→attitudeto/towards

●Pete'sattitudetowardswomenreallyscaresme.

●→positive/negativeattitude

●peoplewithapositiveattitudetolife

●（attitudinal）

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●excessive:

muchmorethanisreasonableornecessary

●hisexcessivedrinking

●$15fortwobeersseemsalittleexcessive.

●（excessively）

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●…freedomfromanexcessiveneedforapproval,closeness,togetherness,andemotionalsupportinrelationtothemotherandfather.

●

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●Ifsomebodyhasanexcessiveneedforapproval,itmeansthatheistoodependentonsb’sapproval.Childrenneedtheirparentstotellthemwhattodoornottodo.Theyalsoneedtobeclosetotheirparentsandreceiveencouragement,love,andallkindsofemotionalsupporttogivethemstrength.Butwhentheygrowup,theyshouldchange.Theyshouldnolongerhavethesameneedsasbabies.

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●Fourthisfreedomfrom“excessiveguilt,anxiety,mistrust,responsibility,inhibition,resentment,andangerinrelationtothemotherandfather.”

●

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●Childrenoftenfeelveryguiltyinrelationtotheirparentsbecausetheythinktheyhavedonesomethingwrong;theyarealsoanxiousbecausetheyareeagertopleasetheirparents;theysometimesfeelunhappybecausetheythinkthattheirparentshavenotbeenfairtothem;theyfeelthattheyareresponsibletotheirparentsforeverythingtheydo;theyarealwaysafraidofnotsayingtherightthingornotbehavingproperly;allthesemaymakethemangrywiththeirparentsormakethemfeelresentful.Thesefeelingsreflecttheiremotionaldependenceontheirparents.Whentheygrowup,theyusuallystriveforfreedomfromthis.

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Para.5

Question:

Whatmaybeoneofthemoststressfulmatterscollegestudentsexperienceaccordingtotheauthor?

Howdoyouunderstandit?

Establishingtheirsexualidentity.Itincludesrelatingtotheoppositesexandprojectingtheirfuturerolesasmenorwomen.

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●sexualharassment:

sexualremarks,looks,ortouchingdonetosomeonewhodoesnotwantit,especiallyfromsomeonetheyworkwith

●sexualintercourse:

thephysicalactivityoftwopeoplehavingsexwitheachother

●sexualorientation:

thefactthatsomeoneisheterosexualorhomosexual（gaylesbian）

●sexualtransmitteddisease:

diseasethatonepersonpassestoanotherthroughhavingsex,suchasAIDS

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20.project

●v.a.toplan

●b.tocauseashadow,anoutline,etc.ona

●surface

●c.topresentsb./sth./yourselftoother

●peopleinaparticularway,esp.onethat

●givesagoodimpression

●projectadam/anewcanal

●projectapictureonascreen

●projectthefuturerolesasmenorwomen

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Lesson1–YourCollegeYears

SentenceParaphrase

Probablynothingcanmakestudentsfeellowerorhigheremotionallythanthewaytheyarerelatingtowhomevertheyarehavingaromanticrelationshipwith.（5）

Comparativedegreeisusedtoexpresssuperlativemeaning.

objectiveclause

Whenstudentsareinaromanticrelationshipwiththeoppositesex,theyaremostlikelytofeelunhappyorhappyemotionally.

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Lesson1–YourCollegeYears

SentenceParap