ReadingreflectiononHomersOdyssey荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感.docx

ReadingreflectiononHomersOdyssey荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感.docx

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ReadingreflectiononHomersOdyssey荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感

Reading-reflection-on-Homer’s-Odyssey-荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感

ReadingreflectiononHomer’sOdyssey

Contents

1.0Introduction

1.1Introductiontotheessay

2.0Homer,theauthor

2.1ArgumentsandresearchontheidentityofHomer

2.1.1Thename“Homer”anditsmeaning

2.1.2Homer’soccupation

2.2WorksattributedtoHomer

2.3TheconceptofHomer’sepicpoetries

2.4Homericdialect

2.5ThehistoricalvalueofHomer’sepicpoetries

3.0Synopsis

3.1Background

3.2Odysseus,thehero

3.3Structure

3.4Thehero’sjourney

3.4.1Ordinaryworld

3.4.2Calltoadventure

3.4.3Ideologicalstruggle

3.4.4Mentor

3.4.5Tribulation

3.4.6Revenge

3.4.7ReturnwiththeElixirandreward

4.0Evaluationandimpactofthework

4.1Evaluationfromfamouspeople

4.2Impactonfutureliterature

5.0ReadingreflectionsaboutOdyssey

3.1ThemesofOdyssey

3.2Conceptsthatelucidatefromthework

3.3Appealingforreading

1.0Introduction

1.1Introductiontotheessay

Epic,accordingwikipedia’sdescription,isalengthynarrativepoem,ordinarilyconcerningaserioussubjectcontainingdetailsofheroicdeedsandeventssignificanttoacultureornation.Basedonoralpoetry,epicshavebeenwrittendownatleastsincetheworksofVirgil,DanteAlighieri,andJohnMilton,Beowulfisoneofthemostlywell-knownpieces.Inthisessay,anotherfamousepicwillbethecenterthatdiscussed,andthatisHomer’sOdyssey.

2.0Homer,theauthor

2.1ArgumentsandresearchontheidentityofHomer

2.1.1Thename“Homer”anditsmeaning

Although“Homer”isaGreekname,attestedinAeolic-speakingareas,nothingdefiniteisknownofhim.Thepoet'snameishomophonouswithὅμηρος（hómēros）,meaning,generally,"hostage"（or"surety"）,longunderstoodas"hewhoaccompanies;hewhoisforcedtofollow",or,insomedialects,"blind".

2.1.2Homer’soccupation

TheAncientLivesdepictHomerasawanderingminstrel,muchlikeThamyrisorHesiod,whowalkedasfarasChalkistosingatthefuneralgamesofAmphidams.Wearegiventheimageofa"blind,beggingsingerwhohangsaroundwithlittlepeople:

shoemakers,fisherman,potters,sailors,elderlymeninthegatheringplacesofharbourtolwns".Scholarsaredividedastowhichcategory,ifany,thecourtsingerorthewanderingminstrel,thehistoric"Homer"belonged.

2.2WorksattributedtoHomer

ItiswildlyrecognizedthatOdysseyandIliadaretraditionallyascribedtoHomer.InspiteofIliadandOdyssey,someepicsaresaidbelongingtohim.However,thispointofviewhasn’tbeenidentified.AccordingAristotle’sownperspective,there’sstilltwoextantworkswhicharecreatedbyHomer,meaningasatiricpoetryandBatrachomyomachi（Greek,whichmeansthebattlebetweenfrogandmice）.

2.3TheconceptofHomer’sepicpoetries

Homer’sepicsincludeIliadandOdyssey,whicharebothsaidtobeHomer’swork.Thethemesoftwoepicsfocusonsingingthepraiseoftheheroesinclansociety.ThekeynoteofIliadregardswarasajustifiableandgloriousevent.Simultaneously,thepoetrydescribesthecrueltyofwarvaguely.Inthisdegree,Iliaddenouncedthenegativeeffectonwhichmayhavetotheinnocentsocialclass.

2.4Homericdialect

ThelanguageusedbyHomerisanarchaicversionofIonicGreek,withadmixturesfromcertainotherdialects,suchasAeolicGreek.ItlaterservedasthebasisofEpicGreek,thelanguageofepicpoetry,typicallyindactylichexameter.

2.5ThehistoricalvalueofHomer’sepicpoetries

Inoneaspect,thehomer’sepicpoetriesarebasedontheresoundsoftheverballiterature.Thus,theoriginalcharactershavebeenpreservedwell,andwhichareembodiedespeciallyintheauthenticityofancientculture.ThosetwogiantworksalsobecomestrongproofsaboutthehighlyprosperousculturearoundtheMediterraneandistrict.

Homer’sepicpoetriesareamongthebestliteraturesthathaveinearlyEuropeanhistory.IliadandOdysseyhavebeenprovedtobetheprimarysourcestostudythelifethatpeoplehaveinprehistorytime.

Onthehandofthecreativeartsthathaveinbothtwotremendouswork,romanticismandrealismhavebeenfoundused.ThoughGreekmythologyoccupieslargespaceinthepoetries,theportrayalsofcrucialwararetruereflectionofpeople’slives.Meantime,thehighlygeneralfactsareexpressedbythevividcharacterizationaswellastherevealingoftheinnerworldofthefigures.

Homer’sepicpoetriesgivereadersgreatartistictreats.Furthermore,itisundoubtedlyamilestonethatwillerectforeverinthehistoryoftheworld’sliterature.

3.0Synopsis

3.1Background

Iliad,asthepreludeofOdyssey,startsitsstoryaftertheninthyearoftheTrojanWar.

TheOdysseybeginstenyearsaftertheendoftheten-yearTrojanWar.ForthesakeofOdysseyhasstabbedPolypheme’seyeswhosefartherisPoseidon,thegodofthesea,OdysseushasbeendelayedbyPoseidon’scensureandstillnotreturnedhomefromthewar.Odysseus'sonTelemachusistwentyandissharinghisabsentfather’shouseontheislandofIthacawithhismotherPenelopeandacrowdof108boisterousyoungmen,"theSuitors",whoseaimistopersuadePenelopetomarryoneofthem,allthewhileenjoyingthehospitalityofOdysseus'householdandeatinguphiswealth.

3.2Odysseus,thehero

3.2.1Parentageandname

Astotheparentage,accordingtoOdyssey,hisfatherisLaertesandhismotherisAnticleia,althoughtherewasanon-HomerictraditionthatSisyphuswashistruefather.

ThenameOdysseusisderivedfromtheverboussomai,whichmeans“tobewrothagainst”.HeisalsoknownasUlyssesinLatin.

3.2.2CharactersofOdysseus

OdysseusisoneofthefirstGreekmythicheroesrenownedforhisbrainaswellashismuscles.Indeedheisamanwithinquiringmind,andheisalsoamanwithoutstandingprowessandbravery.

IntheIliad,OdysseuswasoneofthemostinfluentialGreekchampionsduringtheTrojanWar.Odysseusisfrequentlyviewedasamanofthemean,renownedforhisself-restraintanddiplomaticskills.

3.3Structure

Intheperspectiveofwritingstructure,thefirst13volumesfocusonthetenyearsofsufferingthatOdysseushadhad.ThestorystartsfromthediscussionthatgodshaveonMountOlympusabouthisfate.ThegodsofOlympusdecidedtosetOdysseusfreetohome.Forthesakeoftheirwill,Calypso,theseanymph,releasedhimafterhavingdelayedOdysseusfor7years.Inthelast11volumes,Odysseusreturnedbacktohome,andwiththehelpofhisson,Telemachus,hekilledthesuitors.

3.4Thehero’sjourney

3.4.1Ordinaryworld

ToOdysseusintheOdyssey,ourhero’sordinaryworldcouldnotbeequivalentwiththeworldwelivein.forthisbookandthetaleofOdysseus,hisordinaryworldreferstohislivingontheislandofOgygia.Forthedelaysbygoddesscalypso,hisjourneybeginsfromendinghis7-yearslifeinOgygia.

3.4.2Calltoadventure

Odysseus’calltoadventuretakesplacewhileheisstillinhisordinaryworld.HermestravelsfromMt.OlympuswiththedeclarationofZeusthatOdysseusmusttobesetfreefromherdetainment.Thus,Odysseusisatlibertytofinallyleaveher.So,withthisreason,heforatimerefusesherstatementthatheisemancipatedfromOgygia.

3.4.3Ideologicalstruggle

Afterbeingtoldaboutthefate,Odysseusactedlikehedidn’ttrustcalypso’sdeviousmindandsuspectedherofhatchingsometrickagainsthim.

3.4.4Mentor

PassingthroughtheOdyssey,PallasAthenaishismentorforthetrip.Shepromptshimtohavethecouragetobeabletoactinmanysituations,sheknowsallandoftenusesthisomnipotencetoaidOdysseus,andsheistheonewhoalsoaidshisson,Telemachus,firstbyprovidingtheimpetusforhimtosearchfornewsofhisfatheraroundAchaea.ThroughoutOdyssey,Athenaplaysamajorroleintheeventsthatoccur.

3.4.5Alliesandenemies

Ashebeginshisjourney,Odysseustravelssafelyformanydays,howevertheimmortalcursebestoweduponhimbytherelentlessandunforgivingPoseidon,godoftheseasandearthquakes,isyettobefallhim.Afterdealingwithsomanysufferings,Odysseusfinallyescapedfromtheseaandgottoanisland.ThisistheislandofthePhaecians,andaftermeetingtheKingofthesepeoples'daughter,Naussica,heiswelcomedbyKingAlcinousandQueenArete.HefinallyreachesIthacawiththesegreatoarsmenrowinghimonintheirownship,andfindsthathefacesanotherchallengeoncominghome,perhapsevenmoretryingthanallthepreviousperilsthathehasfacedoutsideofIthaca,sailingaroundthegreatandmightyseas.

3.4.6Revenge

AfterreturningbacktoIthaca,Odysseusshouldfirstfacethesuitors.WiththehelpofTelemachus,hekillsthesuitorsandwreakshisultimaterevenge.

3.4.7ReturnwiththeElixirandreward

Odysseus’rewardiswinningbackhisplaceofpowerandbeingabletobewithhiswife,hissonandhisfatheragain.ThereturnwiththeelixiriswhenOdysseusandhisloyalfriendsfinallydefeathislastthreattotheirsurvival,andpeaceiswroughtovertheentireplaceofIthacabyAthenaandtherestoftheimmortalgodsuponhigh.

4.0Evaluationandimpactofthework

4.1Evaluationfromfamouspeople

AristotleremarksinhisPoeticsthatHomerwasuniqueamongthepoetsofhistime,focusingonasingleunifiedthemeoractionintheepiccycle.

“Theystillgiveusaestheticpleasureandareincertainrespectsregardedasastandardandunattainableideal.”ByKarlMarx

4.2Impactonfutureliterature

Publishedsometimebetween800and600BC,theOdysseyis,alongwiththeIliad,oneofthebestknown,andmoststupendouslyawesome,worksofancientliterature.Inthiscategory,Virgil’sepicpoemtheAeneid;AlfredLor