届郑州市第四十八中高三英语二模试题及答案解析.docx

届郑州市第四十八中高三英语二模试题及答案解析.docx

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届郑州市第四十八中高三英语二模试题及答案解析

2021届郑州市第四十八中高三英语二模试题及答案解析

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Overtheyears,I’vebeenguiltyofhastilyshuttingthefrontdoortomanystrangerswhentheycameknockingwiththeintentionofsellingthings.Butearlierthisyear,aroundEastertime,adearfriendofminehadanexperiencethatchangedmymindandperceptiontowardsthese“intruders”.

Linda,whorecentlymovedtoanewneighbourhood,hadbeenhouseboundallweeksufferingfromaseverecaseoffluwhen,earlyonemorning,therewastheterribleknockonherfrontdoor.Peeringoutthewindow,shesawtwoyoungladiesdemurely（端庄地）holdingleafletsandaTVsetmodel.SheknewofalargeTVsetestablishmentnearbyandassumedamessagewasabouttobegentlydelivered.“ThisisthelastthingIneedtoday,”shemutteredtoherselfandhesitantlyopenedthedoor.

Coughing,shepokedherheadoutandimpatientlyinformedthemshewasn’ttheslightestbitinterestedinanyTVwhatsoever.Furthermore,sheadded,shewasfeelingquiteunwellandabruptlyshutthedoor.Theladiespolitelyturnedandleftinsilence.

Afewhourslater,anotherknock.Lindaglancedoutthewindowandtohersurprise,therewerethesametwoladies,backagain.Reallyannoyedthistime,sheopenedthedoorreadytogivethemapieceofhermind.Beforeshecouldspeak,withconcernedlooksontheirfaces,thesewomenhandedLindawhatlookedtobeadish,saying,“We’resosorrywedisturbedyouearlier.Wethoughtyoumaylikethishomemadechickensoup.Hopefullyitmightmakeyoufeelalittlebetter.”

Lindawastakenabackbythislovelygesture.Beingnewtothearea,shedidn’tknowmanyneighboursorpeoplewhocouldassistherwithshoppingorerrands（跑腿）sothegesturewasallthemoreappreciated.Shecouldonlysmilesheepishlyandsincerelythankedthem.Withthat,theladiesleft.

Aftersherelatedthisstorytome,Ithoughtabouthowtouchingthisdeedreallywas.Especiallyintoday’sworldwheresadly,kindnessandthoughtfulnessseemsorare.Ialsorealizedthatthinkingaboutothersandshowingkindnessistherealessenceoflove.

1.Whatdoestheexpression“givethemapieceofhermind”inParagraph4mean?

A.Scoldthemseverely.B.Drivethemaway.

C.Refusethemdirectly.D.Speakoutheridea.

2.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLindafromthepassage?

A.Lindaalwayshastilyshutthefrontdoortomanypeople.

B.LindawasnotalittleinterestedinanyTVwhatsoever.

C.Lindawasverygratefultotheladiesfortheirchickensoup.

D.LindawouldbuytheirTVsetinrewardfortheladies’chickensoup.

3.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AChickenSoupB.Soupforthesoul

C.TheRealEssenceofLoveD.AFriend’sexperience

B

Backabout20monthsagoIstartedcollegeandjuststruggledwitheverything,suchasclassesandfriends.Iquicklybecamedepressedandangryatmyselffornotbeingabouttodobetterinschool,inadditiontolackoffriendsduetopoorsocialandcommunicationskills.

Thiswentonformonthsuntilmy19thbirthday.Myparentssentmeacake,whichwasagreatcake.ButIrememberhavingthislargecakeandlynoonetoshareitwith.Iendedthrowingoutthecakeafterhavingonepiece,withabout90%ofitleftover.ThatnightIwasdepressedthatIdecidedtogooutsidetothefreezingtemperatureofthewinterandrun.Iputmyearphonesin,wentoutsideandranabout2milesat11p.m.onmybirthday.

WhenIgotbackinsideIwascontent.IwasproudofwhatIwasabletodo.ThenextnightIdidthesame.Iwasn’tquickorfitbutyouknowthatIwentoutsideanddidsomething.Thiscontinuedforabout2monthsuntilIfinallyworkedupthecouragetogotothegym,whereIstartedswimmingagainasIusedtoinhighschool.AmonthwentbyandIstartedliftingweightsandcontinuallyrunning.

LookingbackIcanseethatexercisehelpedcuremydepressionbutitdidn’tonlydothat.AtthegymImetnewfriendsandbackatmydormIgrewconfidencetogototheendofthehallseeingpeopleplayingSuperSmashBrothersandaskifIcouldjoin.

Sogoforwardtopresentnow.IexerciseeverydayandlookforwardtothathourandahalfIgetdailytodowhatIlovewithpeoplewholoveitaswell.Ihopethishelpssomeonewhomaybeorhavebeeninasimilarsituation.

4.Whatmadetheauthordecidetorunatnight?

A.Hisl9thbirthday.B.Hisparents’cake.

C.Hisloneliness.D.Hisfriends.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?

A.Traditional.B.Determined.

C.Humorous.D.Generous.

6.Whatisthebiggestbenefitoftheauthor’srunning?

A.Regaininghisconfidence.B.Losinghisweight.

C.Playingwithhisbrothers.D.Joiningotheractivities.

7.Whydoyouthinktheauthorwrotethispassage?

A.Torecallhislifeincollege.

B.Toshowhisgratitudetohisparents.

C.Toemphasizetheimportanceoffriendship.

D.Tosharehisexperienceofdealingwithhardship.

C

Newresearchhasshownthatlonelinessmayaffectantstoagreaterextentthanmanyotherlivingcreatures.

Ithaslongbeenknownthatlonelinesscanleadtoashorterlife.Inhumans,ithasevenbeenfoundtobeadriverofhighbloodpressure,sleepdisorder,anddepressionthat’sindependentoffactorslikeage,race,gender,weightandeconomicstatus.

However,lonelinesshasneverbeenidentifiedasafactorthatcancuthumanlifespanbymorethanasmallpartoftheaverage.Ants,ontheotherhand,appeartobefarmoresensitivetothisstress,withlonelinessleadingtoasurprising91percentreductioninlifespan.

That’satleastaccordingtoastudythatdetailshow“lonely”antsonlyliveuptosixdaysonaverage.Antslivinginacommunity,ontheotherhand,werefoundtoliveuptoabout66days.

Inaseriesofexperimentswhereantswerepickedfromtheircolonies（群体）andseparated,theywerefoundtocontinuouslywalkwithoutrest,consumingfarmoreenergythantheycouldever.

Thereasonforthebehavioristhatanisolatedantissimpletryingtogetbacktoitscolonyatallcosts,anddoesn’tknowwhattodowithoutitsnestmates.Afterall,manyentomologists（昆虫学家）wouldarguethatanantcolonyisfarmoreasinglelivingentity（实体）thanitsmembers.

Ifyouweretotakeasinglepartfromaclock,itwouldsimplymoveaimlesslyaswell,runningwithoutapurpose.However,whilethereisadifferencebetweenaimlessnessandloneliness,theresearchersfoundthatthelatteraffectslonelyantsmoredirectly.

Thestudyindicatedthatantscan’teveneatalone,astheynormallycollectsomeofthefoodtheygatherinthefieldinaspecializedorgancalledacrop.Thiscropisnormallysharedwithotherantsbackatanest,butasforasingleant,itsimplyjustsitsthere,undigestedanduseless.

8.Howdoeslonelinessinfluenceaperson?

A.Itcanmakehimverytiredofhimself.

B.Itcanleavehiminconflictwithothers.

C.Itcanleadtohimbeingveryindependent.

D.Itcancausehimtosufferfrompoorhealth

9.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheexperiments?

A.Mostantscanliveabout6daysonaverage.

B.Lonelyantscanbecomeveryrestless.

C.Humanbeingsaresimilartoantsinsomeway.

D.Lonelyantsseemtobeviolentandimpatient.

10.Whydoesanisolatedantwalknon-stop?

A.Itattemptstoreturntoitscolony.

B.Itwantstoattractotherantstoformacolony.

C.Ithopestomakesignalstoitsmates.

D.Ithastofindmorefoodtosurvive.

11.Theauthormentionedaclockinthepassage_________.

A.toshowantshaveabiologicalclockinthehead.

B.toproveantsareawell-regulatedcommunity.

C.tostressantsarereallyhighlysocialanimals.

D.tocompareaimlessnesswithloneliness.

D

EvenasGoogleplanstotestitsfleet（车队）ofself-drivingcarsonpublicroadsthissummer,itsbusinessmodelremainsabitofamystery.By2025,asmanyas250,000self-drivingvehiclescouldbesoldeachyearglobally,accordingtoastudybyanindustryresearchfirm.

“VehiclesthatcantakeanyonefromAtoBatthepushofabuttoncouldtransformmobilityformillionsofpeople,”saidChrisUrmson,directorofGoogle’sself-drivingcarproject.Fornow,Googlehasnoplanstosellanyofitsself-drivingcars.Theyarestrictlyforresearch.ButtheywillhitpublicroadsthissummernearGoogle’sheadquartersinMountainView,California.Previoustestinghastakenplaceonlyonclosedcourses.

Thecarsarebuilttooperatewithoutasteeringwheel,accelerator（油门）orbrakepedal.“Oursoftwareandsensorsdoallthework,”Urmsonsaid.“Thevehicleswillbeverybasic—wewanttolearnfromthemandadaptthemasquicklyaspossible—buttheywilltakeyouwhereyouwanttogoatthepushofabutton.”Theprototype（雏形）isthefirstofa100-carfleetthetechgiantisbuilding.

Inthelongrun,Urmsonseesafutureofsaferroads—themajorityofautoaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerror—andfewertrafficjams.Roboticcarscouldalsoshuttlepeoplewhocan’tdrivebecauseofageorillness.

Googlehassaidthatself-drivingcarscouldlaunchnewbusinessmodelsinwhichpeoplebuytheuseofvehiclestheydon’town.Thecompanyhasalreadytestedothertypesofself-drivingcarsonpublicstreets,includingmodifiedLexussport-utilityvehicles,underaspecialpermitprogrambytheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesthatrequiresahumandriveratthecontrols.

Thestatehasissuedsixothercompaniespermitstooperatesuchcars,includingDelphi,Mercedes-Benz,Volkswagen,Tesla,BoschandNissan.Thevehiclesthatwillbetestedonopenroadsthissummerwillhaveremovablesteeringwheels,acceleratorsandbrakepedalstoallow“safetydrivers”totakecontrolifneeded.

12.AccordingtoChrisUrmson,__________.

A.se