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BuildingaWeb-BasedAnalysisSystemPart2
译文2：
构建基于Web的分析系统第二部分
原文1
BuildingaWeb-BasedAnalysisSystemPart1
Areal-worldlookatusingtheAnalysisServicesThinWebClientBrowser
MarkScott,JohnLynn
UsingOWCtoDeployOfficeontheWeb
Whenworkingwithanalyticaldatabases,analystsorganizedataintocommongroupsandtrytodeterminewhatwouldhappenifthingsweredifferent.
Forexample,wouldincreasingaproduct'
sprice—whichwouldincreaseprofitperunitbutprobablyreducenumberofunitssold—yieldahigherorloweroverallprofit?
Orhowwouldadropinthefederaldiscountrateaffecttheyieldofrealestateloans?
Tohelpanalystsmakeeducatedprojectionsbasedonhistoricaltrends,MicrosoftprovidesAnalysisServicesinSQLServer2000andOLAPServicesinSQLServer7.0.TheseservicesprovideOLAPcapabilityandcanprocessdatastoredinSQLServer（oranyotherOLEDB—compatibledatasource）intomultidimensionaldatastructurescalledcubes.Datacubessimplifytheprocessofanalyzingtrendsandcorrelatingthewayentitiesinteractwithoneanother.
Forexample,realestateinvestorsusecash-flowmodelingtoisolateagroupofloansthathavecommoncharacteristics（e.g.,typesofproperties,geographicarea,rangeofinterestrates）andprojecttheeffectsofdifferentkindsofevents.Whatwillhappenifloansmaturemorerapidlythanexpectedoriftheborrowersdefault?
Andhowmightsuchunpredictableeventsaffecttheyieldofbondsthattheloanssecure?
Selectingfromliststhatcanincludehundredsofloansandisolatingtheloansthathavethecharacteristicthatyou'
reanalyzingcanbetricky.AnalysisServicesandOLAPServicescanhelpcorrelatethesegroupsofloanssothatanalystscanmodelloanassumptions.Tohelpaclient'
srealestateanalystsprojecttheperformanceofcommercialmortgage-backedsecurities,ourdevelopmentteamneededtodeviseasystemthatsimplifiedthegroupingofloansindifferentways—suchasbytheirinterestrate,termtomaturity,orpropertylocation.Theinterfaceneededtobeeasytolearnanduse.AndthesystemwedevelopedneededtobesecurelydeployedthroughtheInternet.Tomeetthesecriteria,thedevelopmentteamchoseAnalysisServices.
Havingsettledonaback-endtechnology,thedevelopmentteambeganworkingonaplanforimplementingthefront-endinterface.MostfinancialanalystsuseMicrosoftExcelandarefamiliarandcomfortablewithitsinterface.ExcelincludesPivotTableService,whichletsanalystsconnecttoAnalysisServicesdatabases.Excel'
sdrag-and-dropinterfaceprovidessimple,intuitiveaccesstomultidimensionaldatawithoutrequiringuserstohaveextensivetraining.AndbyusingExcel'
sgraphingcapabilities,userscanpresentdataingraphsandcharts.Soforthefront-endinterface,theteam'
sfirstchoicewasExcel2002,whichispartofMicrosoftOfficeXP.Figure1showsExcel'
sPivotTableServiceexploringanAnalysisServicesOLAPcube.
Excelwouldhavebeenafinechoice—ifalltheclient'
susersworkedtogetherinthesamebuildingandcouldaccesstheAnalysisserverthroughthesameLAN.Butbecausetheusersneededtosharetheapplicationfromavarietyoforganizationswhoseofficesarescatteredaroundtheworld,theteamneededacomponentsimilartoExcelthatuserscouldaccessthroughtheInternet.TheteamfoundthesolutiontothischallengeinOfficeWebComponents.OWCisasetofActiveXcontrolsthatyoucanuseonWebpagestoprovideOfficefunctionality.TheOWCPivotTablecomponentisaWebversionofExcel'
sPivotTableService;
PivotTableusesPivotTableServiceandrequiresthatPivotTableServicebeinstalledbeforeitwillrun.ButtheOWCPivotTableworkswithoutExcel.
PivotTablecanretrievemultidimensionaldatafromanAnalysisserverandpresentthedatainaninteractive,drag-and-dropinterface.UserswhohaveMicrosoftInternetExplorer（IE）4.01orlatercanuseOWCtoanalyzeAnalysisServicesdatawithoutinstallingadditionalcomponentsoftware.Figure2showstheOWCPivotTableclientinterface,whichlooksandworkslikethefamiliarExcelinterface.TheOWCPivotTablealsoprovidesintelligentcaching,whichimprovesperformancebyreducingthenumberoftripsPivotTablemakesthroughthenetworktotheserver.SobyactivelyworkingwithAnalysisServices,PivotTablecanreducedatatransferandworkfaster.
AlthoughOWCprovidedeverythingourdevelopmentteam'
sprojectneeded,weencounteredproblemswhenwetriedtodeployOWCacrosstheInternet.ThefirstproblemwastheplatformthatOWCrunson.TheOfficeXPversionofOWCrequiresMicrosoftDataAccessComponents（MDAC）2.6orlater.ManyoftheservicesubscribersuseWindowsNTWorkstation4.0astheirOS,andtoinstallMDAC2.6,theyalsohadtoinstallServicePack6（SP6）.OneoftheprimaryattractionsofusingOWCwasthatwethoughtdeploymentwouldbeseamless.Wediscoveredthatalthoughwecouldautomatetheprocessofinstallingservicepacks,theprocessrequiresrebootsandisintrusive.MicrosoftlaterprovidedarevisedversionoftheOWCcomponentthatworkswithSP4,butatthetimeweweredevelopingourapplication,thedeploymentofservicepacksinthetightlycontrolledclientnetworkofafinancialinstitutionwasasignificantbarrier.Thus,asolutionthatrequiredaspecificservicepackfortheOSwasn'
taviableoption.
Thesecondproblemthatourteamencounteredwasconnectivity.OWCrequiresadirectconnectiontotheAnalysisServicesdatasource.OWCcommunicatesdirectlywiththeAnalysisserverthroughthedefaultport,2725,whichisaproblemfororganizationswithfirewalls.（FordetailsaboutconnectingtoAnalysisServices,seetheMicrosoftarticle"
INF:
TCPPortsUsedbyOLAPServiceswhenConnectingThroughaFirewall"
at
901.）
First,wetriedtosolvetheconnectivityproblembyusinganHTTPconnectiontoconnecttotheserverthroughport80.ThisconnectionprovidesaccessthroughthesameportthattheWebbrowseruses.Foraddedsecurity,AnalysisServicescanalternativelyconnectthroughport443byusingSecureSocketsLayer（SSL）.Mostorganizationsopenbothport80andport443toletusersaccesstheInternet.（FormoreinformationaboutusingHTTP,seetheMicrosoftarticle"
HowtoConnecttoAnalysisServices2000ByUsingHTTPConnection"
atdefault.aspx?
scid=kb;
en-us;
q279489.）Figure3illustratesthechallengesinvolvedinusingOWCtoconnecttotheAnalysisserver.
However,theimplementationofHTTPconnectivitycreatedsomeinsurmountableobstacles.Connectionsthroughport80weresignificantlyslowerthandirectconnectionsinourtests.Becausethemultidimensionalcubehastoprovidelargeamountsofdatatotheclient,theperformancedegradationmadeusingOWCimpractical.
LookingforAlternatives
Next,ourteamconsideredusingADO-MDandMDXqueriestocreateacustominterface.YoucanquerytheAnalysisServicescubedirectlythroughtheOPENROWSETcommand.（ForinformationaboutqueryingAnalysisServices,seetheMicrosoftarticle"
HOWTO:
SQLServer7DistributedQuerywithOLAPServer"
scid=kb;
q218592.）OPENROWSETletsyouquerydatafromanyOLEDBsource,includingAnalysisServices.ThisflexibilitywouldletususeADOtoqueryAnalysisServices.TheOLEDBproviderforAnalysisServices,MSOLAP,convertsthemultidimensionaldataintoastandardrowsetthatADOcanusetocommunicatethedatatothefront-endapplication.Theproblemwiththiscustomsolutionwasthecomplexityofcreatinganinterfacethatprovidedtheintuitive,interactivelookandfeelofOWCandExcel.Althoughtheteamwascapableofcreatingsuchaninterface,thetime,expense,andongoingmaintenanceofsuchasolutionmadeitprohibitive.
Theteamalsoinvestigatedseveralthird-partysolutions.Manythird-partysolutionshelpusersbuildaqueryandexecuteittoseetheresults.Suchanapproachusessystemresourcesefficientlybutisn'
tasinteractiveastheExcelandOWCdrag-and-dropinterfaces.Soalthoughthesesolutionsoffereduniqueadvantages,nonemettheexactrequirementsoftheproject.Whenourteamaddedcustomdevelopmentcoststotheoverallcostofthethird-partysoftware,wedecidedtolookelsewhere.
译文1
作者：
MarkScott（美）,JohnLynn（美）
国籍：
美国
出处：
构建基于Web的分析系统第一部分
使用分析服务Web瘦客户端浏览器的现实看法
MarkScott,JohnLynn
使用OWC在Web上部署Office
在选定了后端技术后，开发小组开始制订实现前端界面的计划。
多数金融分析人员使用MicrosoftExcel，他们对其界面比较熟悉，感觉也很舒服。
Excel包括数据透视表服务，能够允许分析人员连接到分析服务数据库。
Excel的拖放界面提供了对多维数据的简单和直观的访问，并不要求用户进行深入的培训。
而且，通过使用Excel的制图功能，用户能够以图和表的形式表示数据。
所以，对于前端界面，小组的首选是MicrosoftOfficeXP中的Excel2002。
图1显示了Excel数据透视表服务浏览一个分析服务OLAP多维数据集的情形。
如果所有的客户端用户在同一幢大楼内一起工作，并通过同一个局域网访问分析服务器，Excel会是不错的选择。
但用户需要和办公地点散布于世界各地的不同组织共享应用程序，因此开发小组需要一个用户可以通过Internet访问且类似于Excel的组件。
该小组发现OfficeWeb组件（OWC）能够满足这一需要。
OWC是一组能够在Web页上使用并提供Office功能的ActiveX控件。
OWC数据透视表组件是Excel中数据透视表服务的Web版本；
数据透视表使用数据透视表服务，并要求在运行前安装数据透视表服务。
但没有Excel，OWC数据透视表也能工作。
数据透视表能够从分析服务器上检索多维数据并将这些数据显示在一个交互的拖放界面上。
已安装MicrosoftInternetExplorer（IE）4.01或以上版本的用户可以使用OWC对分析服务数据进行分析，而不必安装额外的组件软件。
图2显示了外观和操作都类似于熟悉的Excel界面的OWC数据透视表客户端界面。
OWC数据透视表也提供了智能缓存，通过减少数据透视表从网络到服务器的往返行程次数而提高性能。
所以，通过有效使用分析服务，数据透视表能够减少数据传输并提高效率。
虽然OWC提供了我们开发小组的项目需要的全部东西，但当我们试图在Internet上部署OWC时，我们遇到了难题。
首先是OWC的运行平台问题。
OfficeXP版的OWC要求使用MicrosoftDataAccessComponents（MDAC）2.6或以上版本。
而许多服务订户使用WindowsNTWorkstation4.0作为其操作系统，如果要安装MDAC2.6，还必须安装ServicePack6（SP6）。
使用OWC的一个主要吸引力在于我们认为它能够实现无缝的部署。
我们发现虽然能够自动处理安装Serv
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