中国电影与文化文档格式.docx

中国电影与文化文档格式.docx

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学生姓名：

XXX

所在系别：

____外国语言文学系

所学专业：

英语

导师姓名：

XXX

完成时间：

2013年4月

XXX

XinkeCollegeofHenanInstituteofScienceandTechnology

April,2013

Contents

Acknowledgments

Iwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.Firstofall,what’smoreimportant,mydeepestgratitudetomysupervisor,MissZhao,whohasofferedmevaluableandinspiringsuggestionsinthecompletionofthispaper.Sheremainsalongwithmeinthecourseofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherconsistentandpatientinstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspresentform.

Secondly,Iwanttosaythankyouforalltheothertutorsandteachers,whosedirectandindirecthelpinTranslationStudies.IalsogivemyheartfeltgratitudetotheprofessorsandteachersattheDepartmentofEnglish,RenJunxiang,ZhangZhichao,YuanLingjie,whogaveteachingandenlighteninglecturessothatIhavebenefitedalotinpastthreeyears.

Finally,mythankswouldgivemybelovedmyparentsfortheirconstantlysupportandencouragementallthroughtheseyears.Inaddition,specialthanksshouldgotomyfriendsandmyfellowclassmateswhogavemetheirconsiderabletimeandcontinuouseffortinlisteningtomeandsolvingmyproblemsduringthecourseofwritingthispaper.

Abstract

Asisknowntoall,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryandmagnificentculture.Atthesametime,thelongandsplendidcultureprovidesrichnutritiontoChinesemovie,whichmakestherelationshipbecomedelicateandcomplex.ThemoviehasbeengonethoughonehundredyearsofhistoryinChina.Duringthisperiod,movieisregardedasayoungartcategoryinChina,whichhasbecometheliterature,dance,architecture,sculpture,musicaftertheseventhart.Fromthispointofview,themovieisflourishedunderthemoistofoldculture,culturehasundoubtedlybecomeasourceofmoviedevelopment.BetweenmoviesandculturecloselylinkedmainlyreflectedinthedifferenttypesofmoviecanreflectdifferentcultureofChina.Atthesametime,withthedevelopingofsociety,therelationshipgraduallybecomesinseparablebetweenthemovieandtheChineseculture.Themovieisacountryculturecarrier,reflectsthiscountry’sthepoliticaleconomy,thematerialculture,thereligiousrelief,themannersandcustomsandsoon.Thecultureisdifferent,thethinkingmode,thebehaviorwayaswellasthemovieexpressionwayisalsodifferent.ButwhileChinesemoviekeepsacloseconnectionwithculture,becauseoftheindependenceandthepursuitofitself,whichmakesitseparatefromculture.AndthisseparationiscausedbythespecialsocialandhistoryinChina.Therefore,itisthespecialstageofthedevelopmentintheChinesemovies.Inthefaceofsuchsituation,TheChinesegovernmentandmoviemakersshoulddotheirbesttoguideitsdevelopment.

Keywords:

Chinesemovie;

Chineseculture;

reflect;

relationship

摘要

众所周知，中国是一个拥有上下五千年悠久历史和文化的国家。

同时，中国电影一直在吸取这份悠久而又灿烂的文化的丰富的养分，以至于使得它与中国文化之间的关系变得微妙复杂。

电影在中国至今已有百年历史。

在这百年之中，电影作为中国的一种年轻的艺术种类，已经毫无争议的成为继文学，舞蹈，建筑，雕塑，音乐之后的第七种艺术，从这点来看，电影是在古老的文化的滋润下蓬勃发展起来的，文化也毫无疑问的成为电影不断发展的源泉，因此与此同时，随着社会的发展，电影逐渐与中国的文化之间的关系变得密不可分。

电影与文化之间的紧密的联系主要体现在，不同的类型的电影中会体现不同的中国文化。

某种意义下，电影是一国文化的载体，它反映这个国家的政治、经济、物质文化、宗教信仰、以及利益与传统等等。

也就是说，文化的不同，就会造成思想方式、行为方式以及电影表达方式的不同。

但电影在与文化保持着紧密的联系的同时，也由于自身的独立性和追求，使得它与文化出现了分离，而这种分离是由于中国所有的社会和历史所造成的，因此，这是中国电影在发展过程中的所必经的阶段。

面对这种情况，中国政府和电影人应该尽自己的最大努力去引导。

关键字：

中国电影；

中国文化；

反映；

关系

I.Introduction

China’slandareacoversapproximatelymillionsquarekilometers.It’snearlyone-fifteenoftheworld’sland,nextonlytoRussiaandCanada,rankingthirdintheworld（MaoXiaoxia,2008:

3）.Becauseofitsinherentadvantageingeographyandproperclimate,itmakesChinabecomethemostpopulousnationintheworld.Meanwhile,duetoChina’slonghistory,Chinabecomesamulti-ethnicState,inwhichHanisthemostimportantnationandotherminoritieshavebecomeanindispensablepartofChina’spopulation.Therefore,nosoonerhadgraspedtheCommunistPartyinthepowerthanthegovernmentgaveminorityinmaterialandspiritualsupport.Thesesupportsplayanimportantroleinmaintainingnationalpeaceatonetime.Besides,eachminorityhasitsownreligiousbeliefs.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.SotheChineseGovernmentputforwardthefreedomofreligiousbeliefsince1949intime.It’snodoubtthatthefreedomofreligiousbeliefisaliberalpolicy.Inaword,owingtotheChinesegovernment’sliberalpolicies,notonlyenablemultiplepeopletoliveinharmony,butalsopromoteculturalexchangesbetweenvariousethnicgroups.

Chinahasalonghistoryandvastterritorythatmanyethnicgroupsgatheredtogether,inordertomaketheculturalprosperity.Asfarasitgoes,theChinesecultureisalwaysbetterthanitssurroundings.China’scultureisobviouslynationality,diversify,uniqueness,etc.ButmodernChinaadoptedtheclosed-doorpolicythatmakesChinawasgraduallyderailfromtheothercountries.Needlesstosay,movieisnotaproductofChina;

moviewasjustaluxuryatthattime.Withtheawakeningofpeopleconsciousness,themoviegraduallyappearedinthelineofsighttheChinese.Themovieisacountryculturecarrier,reflectsthiscountry’sthepoliticaleconomy,thematerialculture,thereligiousrelief,themannersandcustomsandsoon.Thecultureisdifferent,thethinkingmode,thebehaviorwayaswellasthemovieexpressionwayisalsodifferent.Toacertainextent,themovieistheproductofthehistoricalandculturaldevelopment.Itisnotaccidentalbutinevitable.Fromthispointofview,movieisnotonlytheproductofculture,butalsoawayofspreadingculture.

Ⅱ.ChineseMovie

TheBackgroundandDevelopmentofChineseMovie

Fromtheoccurrenceofart’spointofview,movieisthechildrenofWesternculture（罗艺军,2008）.WhenChinesemoviewasfirstlyproduced,itwasgreatlyinfluencedbytheWesternmovie.Atthattime,peopledon’tknowanythingaboutmovie.Letalonewhatitlookslike.ThereasonliesintheQinggovernmentadoptedthepolicyofseclusion.Seclusion,inasense,istopreventtheforeignadvancedtechnologyintoChina.Thus,whenChinajustfellintothepresentsituation,therewasnomuchtimetocareaboutthenewchangesthattookplaceinWesterncountries.ItledtothemoviethatdidnotappearintimeinChina.Inotherwords,themergeofChinesemoviewasactuallybenefitedfromtheWesternpowerstoChina’saggression.

In1905whentheFengTaistudioshottheDingjunHill,Chinabeganitsmoviework.Untilin1923,anorphansaveshisgrandpa,whichendedupwiththesuccessfulattempt（李少白,2006）.Therefore,thetimefrom1905to1923isconsideredtobetheattemptperiodinChinesemoviedevelopment.Duringthatperiod,Chinawasindirestraits.It’snodoubtthatthedevelopmentofmoviewasregardedasamiracleinChina.AlthoughthemovierootedinChina,itsroadwasstillstruggling.Asfarasitgoes,therewerenothavefactorscontributingtothedevelopmentofmovie.AlthoughChina’smarketwasforcedtoopenbyWesterncountries,italsobroughtsomeadvancedtheoryandtechnology.AsfarastheChinesesituationisconcerned,ithasquiteadifficultyinacceptingmoviefortheChineseinthebeginning.ButalongwiththeawakeningofChineseconsciousness,someadvancedconceptswereintroducedintoChina.AndatthesametimesomeadvancedChinesebegantoseizetheopportunitytoexploretheWesternadvancedtechnology.Inasense,itprovidedastrongsupportforthedevelopmentofChinesemovie.

Meanwhile,withtheguidanceofadvancedconcepts,theChinesegraduallygottogetherandfoughtfortheirfaith,eventuallytobuildanewChina.Inotherwords,it’snodoubtthattheestablishmentofthenewChinaprovidesapowerfulexternalconditionformovie’sdevelopment.Withoutthecountry’sstability,thegovernmentcouldnotmeetthenationalphysicalneeds,andscienceandtechnologywouldnotdevelop.Soonafterwardsthemoviewouldnotboom.Allinall,thedevelopmentofChinesemovieisbasedontheprogressofscienceandtechnology,thenationalunityandstability,andthedevelopmentoftheChinesenation.Besides,theChinesemovie’sdevelopmentisinseparablefromChinesehard-workingandexploreactively.

TheStatusQuooftheChineseMovie

ItwasnotuntilnowthattheChinesemoviehasahistoryaboutonehundredyears.Duringthisperiod,itischanginganddevelopingallthetime.Thus,Chinesemoviehasapositionintheworld’smoviemarket.ItisinseparablethattherapiddevelopmenthasbeentakenplaceinChinainrecentyears.WhereasChinesemovieontheonehandabsorbedfromChineseclassicalculture,andontheotherhandstruggledtobeanindependentart.Hencebetweentheartsthereisdeepintegrationaswellasapparentalienation（陈伟华,2012）.

Asfarasthisphenomenonisconcerned,thepresentsituationofChinesemovieisnotoptimistic,andeventheproblemsarefrequentlyturnedablindeyetothem.Forthisreasonaboveall,theseproblemshaveexistedsincethebeginning.It’scommontoignoredeliberatelythemmoreorless.WhenthemoviewasintroducedintoChina,AmericanmovieatthebeginningmonopolizedChina’smoviemarket.Accordingtostatistics,“therearemorethanfivethousandforeignmoviestoentertheChinesemarketfrom1896to1937;

mostofthemaretheAmericanmovie”（郑树森,2003）.ItisnowonderthatithasbeenintheshadowofWesternmovies,especiallytheUnitedStatesHollywoodmovies.Amongalltheforeigninfluences,theHollywoodmovieisthemostprofoundinfluence.TheHollywoodmoviesdependonitsadvancedtechnolog