学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测5外研版必修第三册文档格式.docx
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Airlinescanceled4,000flightsonThursdayandhundredsmoreonFriday,accordingtoFlightA,anonlinetrackingservice.
MayorBilldeBlasiosaiditcouldfeellike-30°
ConFridayandSaturdaynightswiththewindchill.“Thisisaserious,seriousstorm,andmaybethemostseverein2018,”hesaidatanewsconference.
NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomodeclaredastateofemergencyforthesouthernpartofthestate,whileNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiedeclaredastateofemergencyforseveralcounties.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。
大规模的暴风雪于周四和周五袭击了美国东海岸,给当地的生产和生活造成了严重影响。
1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequenceofthemassivewinterstorm?
A.BreakdownoftheU.S.coast.
B.FloodinginBoston.
C.Cancellationofnearly5,000flights.
D.Closureinbusiness,offices,andschools.
A [细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句可知,受暴风雪的影响,波士顿暴发了洪水,近5000架航班被迫取消,企业、办公楼和学校也被迫关闭。
只有A项没有提到,故选A。
]
2.Whydidsomemeteorologistsclassifythiswinterstormas“bombcyclone”?
A.Becauseitwillcausechangeableatmosphericpressure.
B.Becausethescaleofthisstormcouldbreakrecordsinlotsofcities.
C.Becauseofthedeadlyanddestructiveeffectsofthisstorm.
D.Becauseoftheextremelycoldairandthewindchillsinthisstorm.
D [细节理解题。
根据第二段可知,一些气象专家将此类风暴归为“炸弹气旋”的原因是气压的急剧下降,而随后还会有一股冷空气到来,打破了20多座城市的记录,导致周末时气温低至-40°
C。
故选D。
3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“plunge”inPara.3?
A.declinesteadily B.dropdramatically
C.fluctuateviolentlyD.fallmoderately
B [词义猜测题。
根据第三段可知,一些地区的风寒温度在日落后会降到-40°
据此可知,画线词的含义为“突然下降”,故选B。
4.Abouttherescuework,whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?
A.Peopleweremakinggreateffortstoridroadwaysoficeandsnow.
B.About101thousandpeoplewereleftwithoutelectricityonThursday.
C.Residentscanstayinwarmingcentersuntilheatingserviceisrestored.
D.Aviationservicehasn'
tbeenbroughtbacktonormalyetuntilFriday.
B [细节理解题。
根据第三段可知,人们正在加紧清理路面上的冰雪,故排除A项;
根据第五段前两句可知,在供暖服务恢复之前,居民可以住在供暖中心,故排除C项;
根据第六段可知,航班服务仍然没有恢复正常,故排除D项。
根据第四段内容可知,周五早些时候,电力公司都在努力修复被击落的电线,当时大约有21000家没有电,比前一天的差不多80000减少了,故可知周四没有电的不是101000家。
故选B。
B
What'
slifelikeonadesertedisland?
SenatorJeffFlakeofArizonadecidedtofindout.
TheadventuroussenatortookavacationfromCapitolHillandwentonafourdayRobinsonCrusoestyleholidaywithhistwoteenagesonstoaremote,desertedislandintheNorthPacificOcean.
Thesenatorandhissons,15yearoldTannerand13yearoldDallin,traveled5,200milesfromPhoenix,ArizonatotheislandofBiggarenn.Theydidn'
tcarryanyfoodorwater.
TheislandispartoftheMarshallIslands.Itofferednobasicsupplies,sotheFlakeshadtocatchandcooktheirownfoodandpurifytheirwater.Theirdietwasmadeupofcoconuts,crabsandfish.Theycaughtthecrabandfishthemselvesandcookedthefoodoveranopenfirestartedwithamagnifyingglass(放大镜).
TheFlakesbroughtalongalobstertrap(龙虾夹)inthehopeofhavingsomedelicioustreats,butlostitwithinthefirstfewhoursafteritwasattackedbyashark.Theyalsocarriedtwopumpstoremovesaltfromoceanwater.Ittookthemhourseachnighttopumpforjustafewgallonsoffreshwater.
Oneofthemostmemorablemomentsofthetrip,thefathersaid,waswhenheandhis15yearoldsonwerealmostcaughtbysharksafterspearing(叉起)afishintheocean.
Still,itwasquiteanenjoyableholidayforthem.“Foradaditwasawonderfulthing.Novideogamesaround,notelevision,nodisturbance,notexting,”Flakerecalled.
5.WhydidtheFlakesgototheislandofBiggarenn?
A.TomeetRobinsonCrusoe.
B.Tospearthesharkforfood.
C.Tospendaspecialvacation.
D.ToswimintheNorthPacificOcean.
6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.TheFlakescouldeasilyfindafireontheisland.
B.TheFlakescaughtlobstersforfoodontheisland.
C.TheFlakesfoundbasicthingsthattheyneededontheisland.
D.TheFlakestookmuchtroubletogetdrinkablewaterontheisland.
7.Accordingtothepassage,theFlakes'
holidayis.
A.adventurousbutinteresting
B.excitingbutpainful
C.meaninglessbutenjoyable
D.boringbutmemorable
【语篇解读】 文章讲述了JeffFlake带领自己的两个儿子亲身体验了一次荒岛冒险。
5.C [细节理解题。
根据文章第2段可知,他带领两个儿子去孤岛探险是为了度过一个特殊的假期。
6.D [推理判断题。
根据文章第5段中的“Ittookthemhourseachnighttopumpforjustafewgallonsoffreshwater.”可知,Flake和两个儿子为了得到能喝的水需要费很大的劲。
7.A [推理判断题。
根据文章倒数第2段可知,他们差点儿被鲨鱼吃了,这说明非常惊险。
再根据最后一段中的“Still,itwasquiteanenjoyableholidayforthem.”可知,他们的假期过得惊险而有趣。
C
Duringthe15thcentury,spices(香料)fromIndiawereverypopularinEurope,however,theonlywaytotravelfromEuropetoIndiawasoverland.Thiswasalongandexpensivetrip.TheKingofPortugalrealizedifhecouldfindawaytogettoIndiabysailingontheocean,hewouldbecomerichbytradingspicesinEurope.Anexplorer(探险家)bythenameofBartolomeuDiashaddiscoveredtheCapeofGoodHopeatthetipofAfrica.ItwasthoughtthattheremaybeawayaroundtheCapeandtothenortheasttowardsIndia.However,manywereskepticalandthoughtthattheIndianOceandidnotconnectwiththeAtlanticOcean.
VascodaGama,whowasbornin1460stoawealthyPortuguesefamilyinSines,wasgivenafleetofshipsbythekingandtoldtodiscoverasearoute(路线)aroundAfricatoIndia.Hewasalsotoldtolookforothertradingpossibilitiesalongtheway.
VascodaGamaleftonhisfirstvoyage(航行)fromLisbon,Portugal,withfourshipsand170menonJuly8,1497.GamaandhismenroundedthesoutherntipofAfricaattheCapeofGoodHopeonNovember22.TheythenheadednorthupthecoastofAfrica.TheystoppedattradingportsalongthewayincludingMombasaandMalindi.AtMalindi(about120kmnortheastofMombasa),theypickedupalocalpilotwhoknewthedirectiontoIndia.WiththehelpofamonsoonwindtheywereabletocrosstheIndianOceanandarriveinCalicut,Indiainlessthanamonth(onMay20,1498).AtCalicut,Vascoranintoserioustroublewhentryingtotrade.Hehadbroughtlittleofvalueinhisships.Thismadethelocaltradersdoubtfulofhimandverysoonhehadtoleave.Thevoyagebackwasdisastrous.Aroundhalfofhismendiedfromscurvy(坏血病)asthetripbacktookmuchlongerbecauseofthewindsnotblowinginhisfavor.However,whenhereturnedhome,hewasstillahero.HehadfoundthemuchneededtraderoutetoIndia.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文,文章介绍了葡萄牙探险家达·
伽马第一次航行到印度的原因及过程。
8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skeptical”inParagraph1mean?
A.Worried.B.Doubtful.
C.Hopeful.D.Supportive.
由第一段中的“theremaybeaway...towardsIndia”和划线词后的“theIndianOceandidnotconnectwiththeAtlanticOcean”可知,因为许多人认为印度洋与大西洋不相连,所以他们对绕过好望角而到达印度的路线这一想法持怀疑态度。
]
9.WhatwasthemainpurposeofVascodaGama'
sfirstvoyagetoIndia?
A.TotakecontrolofIndia.
B.Tocontrolthespicetrade.
C.TofindatraderoutetoIndia.
D.TobringbackspicesfromIndia.
C [细节理解题。
第一段解释了葡萄牙国王派遣达·
伽马出行的原因“findawaytogettoIndia...tradingspicesinEurope”,再由第二段中的“toldtodiscoverasearoutearoundAfricatoIndia”可知,达·
伽马第一次航行到印度的目的是寻找一条贸易路线。
10.WhichisthecorrectrouteofGama'
A.Sines→theCapeofGoodHope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.
B.Sines→theCapeofGoodHope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.
C.Lisbon→theCapeofGoodHope→Malindi→Mombasa→Calicut.
D.Lisbon→theCape ofGoodHope→Mombasa→Malindi→Calicut.
由第三段描述达·
伽马第一次从欧洲航海到印度的路线“leftonhisfirstvoyage(航行) fromLisbon...rounded...attheCapeofGoodHope...AtMalindi(about120kmnortheastofMombasa)...crosstheIndianOceanandarriveinCalicut”可知答案。
11.WhathappenedtoGamaandhismenwhentheystayedatCalicut?
A.Theirtradingwaswellreceived.
B.Halfofthemgotaseriousillness.
C.Theymissedthebesttimetogobackhome.
D.Theywereconsideredunwelcomebythelocaltraders.
D [推理判断题。
由第三段中的“Hehadbroughtlittleofvalue...doubtfulofhim”可知,到达Calicut之后,由于船上有价值的东西太少,因此达·
伽马和他的船员们在那里不受当地商人的欢迎。
D
Theearlylifeofthegreenseaturtle(海龟)isfullofdanger.Onlyonein1,000babyseaturtlessurvivetoadulthood(成年).Fromitshomeinthesand,itbreaksitseggwithaneggtooth.Itsmotherisnottheretohelpit.Instead,itisgreetedbycrabs,coyotes,anddogswaitingtoeatitfordinner.Tosurvive,thebabyturtlemusthideinthesanduntilnight.Then,itmovesslowlytothesea.
Thesmallturtlemustswimhardtoreachtheoceanwaters.Inthesea,ittrieshardtofindfood.Itmustalsokeepitselffrombeingfoodforfish.
Asdangerousastheseaturtle'
slifeisinthenaturalworld,itsmostdangerousenemies